简易版反义疑问句讲解.ppt
反意疑问句,反意疑问句又可叫做附加疑问句，由“陈述句反意问句”构成。反意问句的动词总是助动词、情态动词或be动词的某种形式，反意问句的主语用代词充当。基本原则是“前否后肯，前肯后否”。,知识梳理,1.陈述部分含有must的反意疑问句 陈述句部分谓语动词含有must时，must 如表示“必须”，反意问句用neednt;如 mustnt表示“禁止”，其反意问句部分用 must。e.g.You must get to school at 8 a.m.,neednt you?You mustnt smoke here,must you?,(2)“must+be”表示“推测”时，反意疑问句部分用be的适当形式。如：She must be a student,isnt she?(3)陈述句的谓语部分是“must have+过去分 词”时，如果这个结构带有一个表示过去 的时间状语，则反意疑问句部分用did作助 动词；如果没有表示过去的时间状语，则 反意疑问句部分用have作助动词。如：They must have finished their work yesterday,didnt they?They must have finished their work,havent they?,2.陈述部分含有used to和ought to的反意疑问句(1)陈述部分谓语动词是used to时，用didnt或 usednt两种方式反问。e.g.He used to go swimming in summer,didnt/usednt he?(2)陈述部分谓语动词是ought to时，用oughtnt 反问。e.g.He ought to be praised for what he has done,oughtnt he?,3.当陈述部分有neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little,never,hardly,seldom等否定意义或半否定意义的副词时，反意问句应用肯定形式。e.g.Nobody understood his speech,did they?His sister seldom argues with people,does she?,注意:陈述部分出现含有否定意义的前缀或后缀的词时，反意问句仍用否定结构。e.g.He is unfit for his job,isnt he?,4.如果陈述句的主语是表示人的不定代词，如 anyone,someone,no one,everybody,nobody,somebody等时，反意疑问句的主语可用 he，也可用they。e.g.Everybody knows that,dont they/doesnt he?,5.陈述部分谓语动词是dare,need时，如果作情 态动词,用dare,need本身反问；如果作实义 动词,则用do的适当形式反问。e.g.You darent climb the rock,dare you?The little girl doesnt dare to go alone at night,does she?We need to help them,dont we?,6.陈述部分谓语动词have作“有”解时，可用dont或havent反问；作其他意义解释时用do的某种形式反问。e.g.He hasnt any sisters,does/has he?They have to receive strict training beforehand,dont they?,7.含有宾语从句的反意疑问句当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语与助动词应和主句保持一致。e.g.He never said she would come,did he?,注意:当陈述部分谓语动词是think,believe，suppose,expect,imagine且主语为第一人称时，疑问部分的主语和谓语动词均应和宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致，且应注意否定转移；但如果主语不是第一人称，反意问句则与主句保持一致。e.g.I dont believe he will succeed,will he?Mary thinks you will come to the party,doesnt she?,8.并列句的反意疑问句则根据最接近的 分句来完成。e.g.We forgot to bring our tickets,but please let us enter,will you?,9.感叹句的反意疑问句陈述部分是感叹句时，一律用be或助动词的否定形式反问。e.g.What a naughty boy he is,isnt he?How hard she works,doesnt she?,10.祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句的反意疑问句的构成，必须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其反意部分，有四种形式。(1)祈使句的肯定形式，其反意问句表示“请 求”时，通常用will you；表示“邀请，劝 说”时，用wont you。e.g.Be sure to write to us,will you?Come to have dinner with us this evening,wont you?(表示“邀请”)Try to be back by two,wont you?(表示“劝说”),(2)祈使句的否定形式，其反意问句通常只用 will you构成。e.g.Dont smoke in the meeting room,will you?(3)以let开头的祈使句，构成反意问句时，除lets用shall we构成外，其他均用will you。e.g.Let the boy go first,will you?Lets take a walk after supper,shall we?,11.反意疑问句的回答反意疑问句的回答，不是根据汉语习惯来确定用yes还是no，而是根据答语的内容来确定，不管主句为否定，还是反意问句为否定，回答时只看所提到的事情是否已/会发生。如果发生了，用肯定回答，否则用否定回答。要特别注意陈述部分是否定结构，反意问句部分用肯定形式时，回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是的”。,e.g.He likes playing football,doesnt he?Yes,he does.是的。No,he doesnt.不是。You havent seen the film,have you?Yes,I have.不，我看过。No,I havent.是的，我没有看过。,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay,_ you?A.mustnt B.havent C.didnt D.hadnt,2.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent,_?A.is there B.isnt there C.is he D.isnt he3.It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party,_?A.doesnt it B.does it C.dont they D.do they4.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,_?A.could he B.didnt I C.didnt you D.could they,
