可数名词与不可数.ppt

可数名词与不可数名词,HF02 Cheer,1.可数名词,能独立存在的个体人、事物和以集体形式出现的人、事物。,个体名词,集体名词,2.可数名词的用法,当人或事物只有一个的时候，成为单数。习惯上，我们用a,an 或 one 来表示这种单个的数量。,a peach,a strawberry,a watermelon,a cherry,an ice-cream,an egg,an apple,an orange,4.可数名词的构成和用法,1)一般在名词的后面加上-s,在清辅音后发-s,在浊辅音和元音后发-z.如：,a biscuit,five biscuits-s,a watermelon,three watermelons-z,a pear,eleven pears-z,2)以-ch,-sh,-s,-x结尾的单数名词后加-es,读作-iz.如：,a bus,three buses-iz,a peach,two peaches-iz,3)以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词，把y改成i,再加-es,读作-iz.如：,a city,two cities-iz,4)以-o 结尾的，有的加-s,有的加-es,读作-z.如：,a tomato,two tomatoes-z,a radio,two radios-z,5)以-f或-fe结尾的，有的直接加-s,有的改-f或-fe为-v,再加-es,读作-vz.如：,a leaf,two leaves-vz,a knife,four knives-vz,6)少数名词的复数形式是不规则变化,a man,two men,a child,two children,a sheep,two sheep,four people,3.不可数名词,1)物质类不可数名词：,液体类不可数名词：tea,ink,juice,coffee,B.食品类不可数名词：fish,chicken,chocolate,honey,2)抽象名词：,work,wealth,homework,a glass of orange juice,a cup of tea,a glass of milk,a bowl of soup,water,some fish,some beef,some bread,a bowl of rice,1.不可数名词没有复数形式,rice(不能说rices),bread(不能说breads),2.不可数名词前面一般不直接加a或an，但可用不同的量词来搭配,a box of milk(不能说a milk),a bottle of water(不能说a water),3.some,any可以与不可数名词连用,some teasome bread,4.不可数名词只作单数看待,1)Some soup is in the bowl.,2)A:Whats on the plate?B:Theres some chicken.,这些不可数名词你都记住了吗？,4.名词的单复数与主谓一致,普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，而可数名词和又有单复数之分。名词的数与主语有什么关系呢？,A:Whats this?B:Its an egg.,A:What are those in the basket?B:They are grapes.,A:Guess whats in the glass?B:There is some coke.,Oh,我明白了，谓语是随名词数的变化而变化，名词的数与谓语保持一致，即主谓一致。,1)当名词是单数时，谓语用单数形式。There is a cake on the plate.,2)当名词是复数时，谓语用复数形式。There are two biscuits on the plate.,3)不可数名词当作单数对待。There is some beef on the plate.,