公共采购中的信息技术.ppt
Information Technology in Public Procurement公共采购中的信息技术,Jeff Woodhams,IT 信息技术,Targets 目标notification 通告purchasing cards采购卡EDI电子商务tendering 招标,Targets for IT in Public Procurement公共采购中信息技术的目标,Europe 欧洲UK 英国,Going Electronic通过电子途径,SIMAP and Other InitiativesbyJeff Woodhams,OJEC Notices 欧盟官方通告,Information on Contracts合同信息,Public contracts announced in 公共采购信息发布在 Official Journal-OJEC CD-ROM 欧盟官方通告Tenders Electronic Daily-TED 招标电子日报SIMAPEuro Info Centres 欧洲信息中心trade associations 贸易协会chambers of commerce 商会other services by subscription(eg Contrax Weekly)其他刊物,SIMAP Projects SIMAP 项目,Notification 通告dissemination 传播market monitoring and analysis 市场调查和分析information exchange between purchasers and suppliers 采购方与供应方的信息交换,SIMAP Benefits SIMAP的好处,automatic translation自动 翻译no postal delays无邮政延误automatic replies自动回复cost savings 节约费用,SIMAP,SIMAP,SCU,SCU,Notices,statistics,enquirers,esp.,SMEs,Commission,OPOCE,TED,Future in Europe欧洲的未来,standards for high volume transactions为大批量交易设置的标准pilots for SMEs 在SMEs方面的领先者Sweden瑞典Norway挪威Finland芬兰France法国construction industry initiatives(eg Latham)建筑工业提出的,Standards标准,all users to have a unique address所有用户使用唯一的地址addressing uses X 400 地址使用X400security to allow cheap encryption加密保证安全authentication to prove origin 鉴定原始来源proof of receipt单据证明time lock for tenders 为招标者锁定时间,ProcureNet or Internet?采购网或英特网,Purchasing Cards采购卡,work like credit cards如信用卡“super”petty cash 资金量不大cover simple transactions包括简单的交易issued to end users发放给使用者penalties for abuse惩罚滥用者feedback on spend is weak花费反馈不好,Purchasing Systems采购系统,can be tailored to the needs of the purchaser可以按采购者需要定做can be limited to certain suppliers可以限制在一定的供应商can be limited to certain products可以限制一定的商品make life easy for end-users and procurement departments alike 简化最终用户和采购部门工作provide detailed analysis of spend 提供详细的开支分析orders can be sent electronically 订货可以在网上进行,Electronic Procurement网上采购,Jeff Woodhams,Which Aspects Benefit?哪些方面可以受益,High volume transactions大批量交易invoices 发货单call offs 取消delivery advice 交货方式purchase orders 订单high complexity 复杂性高drawings 绘图,Typical Invoice Pattern,10,50,100,300,600,800,1k,1.5k,2k,2.5k,3k,5k,10k,10k,Invoice amount in,0,50,000,100,000,150,000,200,000,No of,invoices,External invoices received by 5 Swedish local,authorities-total 620065 invoices,Pre-Contract Messages合同开始前信息,call for competition,expression of interest,information required,information&certificates,request for rules&criteria,rules&criteria,decision on qualification&reasons if rejected,selection of tender list,enquiry documentation,requests for additional documents,additional documents,requests for clarification,additional information,tenders,tender assessment,request for clarification,response,contract award,P,U,R,C,H,A,S,E,R,S,U,P,P,L I,E,R,S,Post Contract Messages合同后期信息,ready for delivery,delivery coming,invoice,progress reports,request for quote for variation,quotation for cost&time,variation instruction,notification of claim event,mitigation instructions,costs claimed,request for clarification,clarification,decision on claim,certification of work,payment,notification of defects,final certificate,P,U,R,C,H,A,S,E,R,S,U,P,P,L I,E,R,Legal Validity法律有效性,No problem in UK 英国没有问题burden of proof 验证负担security 安全性authenticity 真实性serial numbers 序号separate legal agreement may be desirableessential between countries在各国间要求有法定协议,Vertical Markets 市场,Automotive industry-Odette 汽车工业construction industry 建筑工业retailing 零售业health care 保健,EDI in Car Industry汽车工业的电子商务,raw,material,component,supplier,sub-assembly,supplier,car maker,dealer,sub-assembly,supplier,component,supplier,raw,material,raw,material,EDI in Construction Industry建筑工业的电子商务,sub-sub-contractor,sub-contractor,main,contractor,client,engineer,surveyor,architect,sub-contractor,sub-sub-contractor,EDI in Retail Industry零售业的电子商务,packaging,ingredients,carriers,supplier,supplier,carriers,retailer,store,store,Closed Systems,supplier X,supplier Y,proprietary,system A,customer,supplier,proprietary,system C,retailer S,retailer T,proprietary,system B,proprietary,system D,EU Procurement Directives欧盟采购指令,Cover包括-central government中央政府local government地方政府utility companies公共事业require要求-advertising of needs 公布需求 no discrimination非歧视open specifications公开技术规范objective assessment客观评估,EU Procurement Directives欧盟采购指令,avoiding discrimination means避免歧视方法open EDI 公开电子商务&cheap entry costs参加费低廉,Projects 项目,characteristics-特征low volume 量小high value 价值高high complexity高度复杂long timescales 时间长subject to variations 可能发生变更,Projects项目,Challenges挑战consistent information前后一致的信息managing information信息管理all parties must be able to access information所有人能够进入信息系统access to information on site 在现场获取信息not home base不在总部potentially hostile environment潜在不利的环境下,Internet,data path数据路径,Supplier 供应商,Purchaser 采购者,EEG 12 Public ProcurementEEG 12 公共采购,notices to OPOCE通知OPOCEqualification of suppliers供应商资格审查electronic enquiry and tendering电子询问和招标,Electronic Procurement电子采购,seamless matching of needs and offers完全符合采购者的要求fast 迅速secure 安全authenticated 验证reliable 可靠,EEG12 Study EEG12研究,concentrate on simple?purchases 集中在简单采购上start with enquiry and tender 以询问和招标开始consider process in several countries考虑不同国家的程序cover non-EDI electronic solutions包括非电子商务的电子解决方案,Existing EDI当前的电子商务,REQOTE and QUOTES重新报价some changes are necessary作一些必要的改变pilot before change requests start在改变要求之前进行试点,Directives-Need for Change指令需要改变,qualification system for public sector 资格认证体系framework agreements essential for all 框架协议minimum time limits should be abolished for electronic tenders 电子招标要废除原有的时间限制accelerated timescales should be regarded as the norm 提高采购的时间效率non-electronic suppliers should be able to continue to participate via wired agents 非电子供应商应当可以继续通过其他具上网能力的机构参加竞争,Pilot Project 试点项目,healthcare sector suggested建议在保健部门实行essential pre-requisites基础必需品,Essential Requirements for Pilot 试点的基本要求,standard enquiry documentation标准查询文件standard tender return 标准投标standard contract conditions标准合同条件standard EDI agreement 标准电子商务协议European level registration system欧洲水平的注册系统,Essential Requirements for Pilot 试点的基本要求,electronic support systems 电子支持系统contract databases 合同数据库standards and specifications databases 标准和技术规范数据库standard product+service codes 标准产品+服务代码product specific but not manufacturer specific 指明产品规格而并非特指厂商code list must be produced&maintained代码必须显示出来并保存security to be agreed 各方同意的安全性,Current Tendering Procedure目前的招标程序,Ordinary tenderingprocedures,Conclusionof contract,Evalu-ation,Procedure optionsopenrestrictednegotiatedqualification systemnational,Net Tender Model-Stage A网络招标模式-阶段A,Stage AOrdinary tenderingprocedures,Potential supplierapproval agreement(PSA Agreement),Evalu-ation,Procedure options-open-restricted-negotiated-qualification system-national,Net Tender Model-Stage B网络招标模式-阶段B,Stage BNetwork tendering(NetTender),Conclusionof Contract,Evalu-ation,Procedure options-open NetTender(all PSA Suppliers)-restricted NetTender(selection of PSA Suppliers),
