中考冠词和数词复习.ppt

,专题二 冠词、数词,考点一 冠词冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或物。冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两种。(一)定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那(这)个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。,1特指双方都明白的人或物。Take the medicine.把药吃了。2上文提到过的人或物。He bought a house.Ive been to the house.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。,3指世上独一无二的事物，如the sun；或用于对两个人或事物比较时起特指作用的比较级前。He is the taller of the two boys.两个男孩中他较高点。4与单数名词连用表示一类事物，如the dollar“美元”；或与形容词或分词连用表示一类人，如the rich“富人”；the living“生者”。,5用在序数词和形容词最高级及形容词only,very,same 等前面。Where do you live？你住在哪？I live on the second floor.我住在二楼。Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.那正是我要找的东西。,6与复数名词连用，指整个群体。They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师)他们是这所学校的全体老师。They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)他们是这所学校的老师。,7表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。8用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前。the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国the United States 美国,9用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前，但中国乐器前不加the。play the piano 弹钢琴10用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇),11用在习惯用语中，如in the morning/afternoon/evening，in the end，by the way，at the age of，at the moment等。12用于方向名词或表示江河、山脉、海峡等专有地理名称前。in the southeast of，at the back of，the Red Sea,【巧学妙记】定冠词的用法特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器。,(二)不定冠词的用法1不定冠词用来表示“一”这个数量，其意义和“one”相同。What can I do for you,madam？要点什么，女士？I want an orange skirt for my daughter.我想为我女儿买条橘黄色的裙子。,2泛指人或事物的某一类，尤其是作表语时要用a单数名词，而不用the单数名词。The dog is an honest animal to human beings.狗是对人类忠诚的动物。3用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，有“每一”之意，相当于every。How much is the meat?肉多少钱？Its eight yuan a kilo.每公斤8块钱。,4泛指某人或某物。A boy is looking at you.一个男孩在看你。5用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一份；一场”等。Would you like a drink?你想喝杯饮料吗？6用于可视为一体的两个名词前。a knife and fork 一副刀叉,(三)零冠词的用法1在专有名词前不加冠词，如国名、省名、城市名、街名、公园名等。Sanya is in Hainan Province.三亚在海南省。2一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前不加冠词。They like playing football after school.他们喜欢放学后踢足球。I like English very much.我非常喜欢英语。,考点二 数词,(一)基数词,(二)序数词,考点训练,1(2013台州)Who is that woman on TV?_ pop singer.I often listen to her songs.AA BAn CThe D/解析：考查冠词的用法。由答语句意“一个流行歌手。我经常听她的歌曲。”可知此处应用不定冠词。pop以辅音音素开头，故应用a。答案：A,2.For a long time they walked without saying _word.John was the first to break _ silence.Aa;the Bthe;a Ca;/Dthe;/解析：考查冠词的用法。word在此表示泛指，以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a。break the silence意为“打破沉默”。故选A。答案：A,3(2013兰州)Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers_ second?Athe Ba C/Dan解析：考查冠词的用法。second是以辅音音素开头的单词，表示“每秒”时其前应用不定冠词a，故选B。答案：B,4(2013广东)What do you want to be in the future,Lucy?I want to be_ pilot.It is _exciting job.Aa;a Ba;an Ca;the Dthe;an,解析：考查冠词的用法。第一个空表示“一个飞行员”为泛指，且pilot的读音以辅音音素开头，故其前面的冠词应用a；第二个空也表示泛指，此处表示“一份令人兴奋的工作”，且exciting的读音以元音音素开头，故其前面的冠词应用an。故选B。答案：B,5English is _ useful language.We should learn it well.Aa Ban Cthe D/解析：考查冠词的用法。a用于以辅音音素开头的词前，an用于以元音音素开头的词前，the表示特指。useful是以辅音音素开头的词。句意为“英语是一门有用的语言，我们应该好好学”。故选A。答案：A,6._Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day.A/BA CAn DThe解析：考查冠词的用法。句意为“格林一家人正在为即将到来的感恩节做准备”。the姓氏的复数形式表示“一家人或夫妇二人”。故选D。答案：D,7A：I enjoyed the performance very much.B：Yes,it was really good.I think_ boy in white was the best actor.Aa Ban Cthe D/解析：考查冠词的用法。名词the boy被in white这个介词短语作定语修饰，特指“穿白色衣服”的那个男孩，故用定冠词the。所以选择答案C。答案：C,8There is _“u”and _“h”in the word hour.Aan；an Ba；a Can；a Da；an解析：考查不定冠词a和an的区别。a用于辅音音素前，an用于元音音素前。字母u以辅音音素开头，字母h以元音音素开头。故选D。答案：D,9(2013连云港)Lianyungang is_ attractive city.Its such_ nice place that many tourists come here every summer.Aa;a Bthe;/Can;/Dan;a解析：考查冠词的用法。第一个空表示“一个充满魅力的城市”，且attractive以元音音素开头，用an；第二个空后place是可数名词单数，nice以辅音音素开头，故用a。such a nice place意为“如此美丽的一个地方”。故选D。答案：D,10There are _ few mistakes in your homework.Correct them and dont make _ same mistakes again.Aa;a Ba;the C/;the Da；/解析：考查冠词的用法。a few“一些，几个”，表示肯定；few“很少的，几乎没有的”，表示否定；由“Correct them”可知是有错误，表示肯定，第一个空填a，排除C；same前要加定冠词the，故选B。答案：B,11(2013菏泽)Does Heze have_ airport?No,but we can take_ bus to Jinan or Zhengzhou.Aan;the Ban;a Cthe;a Da;a解析：考查冠词的用法。两个设空处都表示泛指而非特指，所以用不定冠词。其中airport 是以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。take a bus意为“乘公共汽车”。答案：B,12.This novel can make you laugh and cry at _same time.Aa Ban Cthe D/解析：考查冠词的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，为固定搭配，在句中作状语，用于表示两件或更多的事情同时发生。答案：C,13(2013湛江)Where is _cat?Its under_ desk.Ayour;a Byours;an Cyour;the Dyou;the解析：考查代词和冠词的用法。第一个空用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词；第二个空用定冠词the来特指双方都知道的事物。故选C。答案：C,14(2013聊城)There is_ American boy in our class and_ boy can speak good Chinese.Aan;the Ban;an Ca;an Da;the解析：考查冠词的用法。第一个空是泛指，且American以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an；第二个空特指前面说过的那个男孩，所以用定冠词the。答案：A,15We should often help _ poor.Aa B/Cthe Dan解析：考查冠词的用法。在某些形容词前加定冠词the，表示一类人。the poor“穷人”。答案：C,16Whos _boy in red，do you know?Oh.Hes _friend of Tom.Athe；a Ban；the Ca；the Dthe；an,解析：考查冠词的用法。in red作后置定语，意为“穿红衣服的”，故boy前需加定冠词the表特指，指“穿红衣服的那个男孩”。答语句意为“噢，他是汤姆的一个朋友”。表“一个”的概念用a或an，friend以辅音音素开头，需用a。故选A。答案：A,17(2013上海)Perhaps the famous football star wont play_ football any longer.Aa Ban Cthe D/解析：考查冠词的用法。当play后跟球类名词时，名词前不加冠词。故选D。答案：D,18They want their daughter to go to _ university,but they also want her to get _ summer job.A不填；a Bthe；a Can；a Da；the解析：考查冠词的用法。go to university是固定搭配，意为“上大学”；job是可数名词单数，表示泛指时其前用不定冠词a，故选A。答案：A,19(2013邵阳)Look!Whos_ boy over there?Oh,he is my cousin Bob.He is_ honest boy.Aa;the Bthe;an Cthe;a解析：考查冠词的用法。第一个空特指“那边的男孩”，用定冠词the；第二个空泛指“一个诚实的男孩”，且honest以元音音素开头用an。故选B。答案：B,20._old man in _ brown coat over there is Mr.Jackson.AAn;a BAn;the CThe;a DThe;the解析：考查冠词的用法。根据名词man后面的介词短语可知，此处表特指意义，用定冠词the；“穿着一件棕色的上衣”，表示数量“一”用不定冠词a，故选C。答案：C,21Would you like _ red dress as a birthday present,Mary?Sorry,mom.I prefer _ orange one.Aan;an Ba;a Can;a Da;an解析：考查冠词的用法。red以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a；orange以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故选D。答案：D,22(2013金华)It is a good habit to go to_ bed early and get up early.Aa Ban Cthe D不填解析：考查固定词组。go to bed意为“去睡觉”。答案：D,23(2013泰安)Do you play_ piano in your free time?No,I like sports.I often play_ soccer with my friends.A不填；the Bthe；不填Cthe;the Da;a,解析：考查冠词的用法。在英语中，西洋乐器名词前应该加the，而球类名词的前面不用加冠词。答案：B,24There is no living thing on _ moon.Athe Ba C不填解析：考查冠词的用法。the特指某事或某物，a泛指某一事物。moon是特殊的事物，是独一无二的，其前用the。句意为“月球上没有生命”。故选A。答案：A,25(2013杭州)I think its really_ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.Aa Ban Cthe D不填解析：考查冠词的用法。work是不可数名词，它前面不需要冠词，故选D。答案：D,26(2013佛山)Wang Yaping will become Chinas_ woman astronaut into space after Liu Yang.Atwo Bsecond Cthe second解析：考查数词的表达法。当序数词前有定语修饰时，其前不加定冠词the。答案：B,27About _of the students in our class were born in the_.Atwothirds；1990s Btwothirds；1990Ctwothird；1990s Dtwothird;1990解析：考查分数及年代的表达法。表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，如果分子大于1，分母用复数。故“三分之二”应为twothirds；在“20世纪90年代”用in the 1990s。答案：A,28.Do you have enough students to clean the laboratory?No,I think we need _students.Aanother Btwo othersCmore two Dtwo more,解析：考查数词的用法。more修饰数词时，意为“另外的；附加的”，放在数词之后；another修饰数词时，放在数词之前。故选D。答案：D,29(2013宜宾)“Food Safety”has become one of the hottest topics recently.Yeah,it receives_ Internet hits(点击)a day.Athousands Bthousand ofCthousands of Dten thousands,解析：考查数词的表达法。thousand前面有具体的数字时，不加s，也不接of；当表示笼统的数目时，前面不用基数词修饰，thousand要用复数形式，且与of连用，意为“成千上万的”。故选C。答案：C,30.Abraham Lincoln is_ President of the United States.A16 Bthe 16 C16th Dthe 16th解析：考查数词的用法。句意为“亚伯拉罕林肯是美国第16任总统”。此处应用序数词。C项格式不对，故选D。答案：D,31(2013安顺)To finish the task,weve tried three times,and after dinner well try_ time.Athe fourth Ba fourth Cfourth Dfour解析：根据前面的three times可知要试第四次，序数词和不定冠词连用表示“又一；再一”。故选B项。答案：B,32(2013湛江)What day is it today?Its Monday,and its my _birthday.Afifteen BfifteenthCthe fifteen Dthe fifteenth解析：考查数词。表达第多少个生日用序数词，序数词前有物主代词时，不用定冠词。故选B。答案：B,33How much is the new car?About eighty _ yuan.Athousand Bthousands ofCthousands解析：考查数词的用法。当thousand前面有具体的数字时，不加s，后面也不接of，eighty是具体的数字，故选A。答案：A,34How old is your daughter?_.We had a surprise party for her _ birthday last Saturday.ATwelve;twelfth BTwelfth;twelveCTwelve;twelve DTwelfth;twelfth解析：考查数词。第一空表示年龄，用基数词；第二空表示第几个生日，用序数词。答案：A,35(2013青岛)_ of volunteers will be needed for 2014 International Horticulture Exposition in Qingdao.Lets go and_ them.AThousands;joinBThousand;be a member ofCThree thousand;take part inDThousands;be in,解析：考查数词和动词的用法。thousands of表示“数千的，成千上万的”,thousand前面有具体数字时不可加s，后不接of，故排除B、C;join“加入”，和go是并列关系，be in take part in指参加某种活动，故选A。答案：A,36Nearly _of the earth _covered by sea.Athree fourth;is Bthree fourths;isCthree fourth;are Dthree fourths;are解析：考查分数的表达和主谓一致。当分子大于1时，分母用序数词的复数形式。“地球表面的四分之三”看作一个整体故动词用第三人称单数形式。答案：B,37(2013乌鲁木齐)The number of the cars in our neighborhood is about eight_，and_ of them are new cars.Ahundred;two thirds Bhundred;two thirdChundreds;two thirds Dhundreds;two third解析：当hundred前有具体数字时，不能加s；表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数。故选A。答案：A,38(2013广东)Excuse me,sir.Heres a package for Lin Tao.Which room does he live in?_.A308 Room BRoom 308CThe Room 308 DThe 308 Room解析：考查数词的用法。表示房间号时要用“Room基数词”。故选B项。答案：B,39._ of his works were written in his _.AOnethird;fifties BOnethird;fiftyCOnethirds;fifties解析：考查数词的用法。“三分之一”要用onethird，“在某人五十多岁时”要用in ones fifties。故选A项。答案：A,40(2013济南)Mothers Day is on the_ Sunday in May every year.Atwo Bsecond Csix Dsixth解析：考查数词的用法。句意为“母亲节是在每年五月的第二个星期天”。根据the判断使用序数词，sixth不符合实际，故选B。答案：B,41(2013丹东)When did you start to collect stamps?I got my_ stamp when I was_ years old.Aone;seven Bone;seventhCfirst;seventh Dfirst;seven解析：表示“第一枚邮票”应用序数词，表示“在岁”时应用基数词，故选D项。答案：D,42.Well be back for our schools_ anniversary ceremony.I see.That means youll have a gettogether with your classmates in_ years.Afifteen;seven Bfifteenth;sevenCfifteen;seventh Dfifteenth;seventh,解析：考查数词的用法。“15周年校庆”用schools fifteenth anniversary ceremony表示；“在7年之后”用in seven years表示。故选B。答案：B,43(2013黔西南)Nowadays_ of business letters are written in English.Atwo third Btwo thirdsCtwo three Dsecond three解析：考查分数的表达方式。基数词序数词(特殊除外，如a/one half表示1/2；a quarter,three quarters分别表示1/4,3/4)，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示；当分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式，故选B。答案：B,44More than two_ years ago,people knew little about the universe.Athousands BthousandCthousand of Dthousands of解析：其前有数词two,thousand要用单数形式，且其后不用of。答案：B,45There is a wrong word in Line_.Where?In the_ line.AThree；three BThree；thirdCThird；three DThird；third解析：第三行有两种表达方式：Line Threethe third line。答案：B,46Youll have_ holiday next week.Where are you going?Im going to Hainan with my parents.Aa sevenday BsevendaysCa seven day Da sevendays,解析：考查数词作定语，常用“数词名词”结构，“一个7天的假期”应为a sevenday holiday。这种结构中应将度量表达方式置于所修饰词之前，名词用单数形式，且数词和名词之间用连字符连接。答案：A,47Can you imagine what life will be like in_ time?A20 years B100 yearsC100years D20 years解析：20年是复数，以s结尾的复数的所有格在其后加。答案：A,48He became a famous writer when he was_.Ain his fifty Bin his fiftiesCin fifty years old Din fifties解析：根据句意可知是在他五十多岁时，表示“在某人几十多岁”用“in ones 基数词复数”形式。答案：B,49The old man began to learn English at the age of_.Asixty Bthe sixtiethCsixty years old Dsixties解析：at the age of基数词，意为“在岁时”，故选A。答案：A,50May is the _ month of a year.Afifty Bfifteen Cfifth Dfive解析：考查数词的用法。表示第五个月应用序数词，即the fifth month。答案：C,