高三一轮复习人类遗传病与优生.ppt

第42课时 人类遗传病与优生,遗传物质,遗传病的概念及常见类型,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,隐性遗传病：苯丙酮尿症、白化病、先天性聋哑 遗传病：进行性肌营养不良、红绿色盲、血友病,人类遗传病分类,2.,单基因遗传病,多基因遗传病,染色体异常遗传病,概念：由 控制的遗传病,显性遗传病：并指、软骨发育不全 显性遗传病：抗维生素D佝偻病,显性基因引起,分类,隐性基因引起,两对以上的等位基因,概念：由 控制的人类遗传病实例：原发性高血压、冠心病、哮喘病和 型糖尿病,特点：在群体中发病率高，易受环境影响,概念：由 引起的遗传病实例：先天性愚型患者比正常人_,一对等位基因,常染色体,X染色体,常染色体,X染色体隐性,青少年,染色体异常,多了一 条21号染色体,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,遗传咨询,传递方式,再发风险率,产前诊断,近亲结婚,适龄,遗传病的监测和预防,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,网 络 构 建,单基因遗传病受一对等位基因控制，但不是一个基因控制。,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,类型,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,3.染色体异常遗传病,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,4.先天性疾病、后天性疾病、家族性疾病的区别,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,同卵双胞胎异卵双胞胎,同一个受精卵两个受精卵,相同,发病率情况不 同,不同,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,D,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,D,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,方法体验系列40,染色体异常引起的疾病,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,方法体验系列40,染色体异常引起的疾病,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,染色体异常引起的疾病,方法体验系列40,母亲,减数,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,不会,1/4,24,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,C,易错警示系列46,对染色体组和基因组的概念混淆不清,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,纠 错 笔 记,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,A,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,答案,C,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,解析,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,A,Aa,AA,AA,aa,10,3,4,基因发生了突变,0,个体9的基因型是AA，,不可能生出aa个体,回扣基础,突破考点,检测落实,练出高分,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,D,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,A,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,D,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,A,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,C,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,A,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,D,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,B,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,A,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,B,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,A,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,D,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,C,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,常染色体显性遗传,(1/3)AA、(2/3)Aa,伴X染色体隐性遗传,男性的发病率高于女性的,3/8,1/2,1/8,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,AA,aa,AaBB或AaBb,20/27,基因通过控制酶的合成来控制代谢过程，进而控,基因通过控制蛋白质的结构直接控制生物体的性状,羊水检查,制生物体的性状,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,14,