Focus Four Hazard Training For Masonry Construction焦点四风险培训砌体施工.ppt

Focus Four Hazard TrainingFor Masonry ConstructionModule 2 Struck By/Caught-In-BetweenSusan Harwood Grant Training Program,Disclaimer/Usage Notes,This material was produced under grant number SH-17793-SH8 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration,U.S.Department of Labor.It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S.Department of Labor,nor does mentionof trade names,commercial products,or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S.Government.Images shown may depict situations that are not in compliance with applicable OSHA requirements.These photos are clearly marked as non-compliant.It is not the intent of RMMI to provide compliance-based training in this presentation,the intent is more to addressFocus Four hazard awareness in the masonry construction industry,and to recognize overlapping hazards present in manyconstruction workplaces.It is the responsibility of the employer,its subcontractors,and its employees to comply with all pertinent rulesandregulationsin thejurisdiction in which they work.Copies of all OSHA regulations are available from www.osha.gov.This presentation is intended to discuss Federal regulations only.If this training is held in a state that is operating under an OSHA-approved State Plan,State OSHA requirements for that state must be included in the training.It is assumed that individuals using this presentation or content to augment their training programs will be qualified to do so.,Developed under an OSHA Susan Harwood Grant,#SH-17793-SH8,by the Rocky Mountain Masonry Institute,Denver,Colorado,Training Objectives,After completing this unit,you will:Be familiar with general struck by/caught-in-between hazards.Understand the potential effects of these hazards on the human body.Be able to recognize these hazards as they relate to masonry work.Be familiar with personal protective equipment necessary to protect you from these hazards.Be knowledgeable of safe work practices.,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,1,References,29 CFR 191029 CFR 1926,2,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Primary Causes of Struck-by Fatalities,Falling ObjectsRigging FailureLoose or Shifting MaterialsEquipment Tipover or MalfunctionLack of Overhead ProtectionVehicle and Equipment StrikesBacking IncidentsWorkers on Foot,3,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Primary Causes of Caught-in-Between Fatalities,Rotating EquipmentUnguarded PartsEquipment RolloversEquipment MaintenanceTrench/Excavation Collapse,4,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Fatality Data 2003&20042355 Total Fatalities,5,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Source:Bureau of Labor Statistics,Top Struck-By Citations,6,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Criteria for PPE,Material Handling Equipment,Concrete&Masonry,Source:Department of Labor,Top Caught-in-Between Citations,7,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Excavations Protective Systems,Wood Working Equipment,Hand and Power Tools,Excavations-General Requirements,Source:Department of Labor,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Inspect all riggingSlings must be inspected before each use by a Competent Person(one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary,hazardous,or dangerous to employees,and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them)Slings should have tags with capacities,inspection requirements,service dates,etc.All rigging shall be done by a qualified rigger,8,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Photo depicts hazardous condition,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,The information on all tags must be readable!,9,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Photo depicts hazardous condition,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Slings and other lifting devices must be properly stored.Hang them up in a dry place.Never allow them to lay on the ground or floor where damage can occur.,10,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Photo depicts hazardous condition,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,11,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Photo depicts hazardous condition,12,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,All loads must be properly rigged by a qualified riggerLifting equipment,such as hoists and slings/straps,wire rope,and chain slings must be used in accordance with the manufacturers requirements,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photo depicts hazardous condition,DO NOT use makeshift devices for lifting any material,13,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photo depicts hazardous condition,14,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,All material shall be properly stacked to ensure stabilityAll materials shall be stored/staked in areas that are properly graded and level,Photo depicts hazardous condition,15,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photos depict hazardous condition,Protection from overhead hazards must be provided and required at all times,16,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Hardhats,as well as other personal protective equipment(PPE),must be provided by the employerEmployees must be trained on the use of PPE and be required to use it,17,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,A limited access zone shall be erected below all lifting operationsNo one shall be allowed in this area while lifts are being made,18,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,20,19,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Dumpster was full and being replaced.Worker was walking to the portable toilet.Worker on top level of scaffold dumped wheelbarrow full of brick in chute.The worker below received serious injuries!,20,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photo depicts hazardous condition,A canopy structure can be built to protect workers and pedestrians below and behind the scaffold.,21,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Debris nets may also be used to catch material before it falls to the ground below.,22,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Barricade off the area and use appropriate warning signs!,23,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,No worker may ever work under a suspended load!,24,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photo depicts hazardous condition,25,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photo depicts hazardous condition,This includes loads handled by forklifts!,26,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photo depicts hazardous condition,27,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,This was put up after the worker was injured by the falling brick!,Always secure cylinders to prevent them from falling over!Bottles need to stored in areas where they can not be struck.Bottles not in use need the valve collar in place or be capped.,28,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsFalling Objects,Photos depict hazardous condition,29,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles/Equipment Fatalities 2005,30,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles/Equipment Fatalities 2005,31,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,Forklift operators need to properly trained,and the training needs to be certified.Forklift loads limit the operators forward view while traveling!Operators cannot be out of the seat with a raised load!,32,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Equipment configuration can make it difficult to see behind the forklift as well.,Always use a spotter or flagger when the operator does not have a clear view of their path of travel.Anytime work operations encroach onto a public roadway the employer may need a traffic control plan approved by the city/county/state.,33,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,Most local and state laws require a flagger when construction equipment uses public streets or highways.The training should be specific to where the work is being performed.,34,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,Most states require flaggers to complete a class that teaches basic procedures and safety rules.A stop/slow paddle must be used when directing vehiculartraffic.,35,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,36,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,OSHA requires all workers to wear reflectorized vests when working near vehicular traffic.There are different types of vests for specific working conditions.Your supervisor or competent person will ensure you are using the correct type.,37,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsVehicles&Equipment,When possible,erect barricades or fencing to keep workers out of traffic.Plan for deliveries and moving equipment.When barricading a work area,develop an internal traffic control plan to separate employees and vehiclesIt should address the use of cell phones in the work area.,38,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsMasonry Wall Bracing,The requirement to install bracing applies to all masonry walls over eight feet tall that are not otherwise adequately supported.This is the case whether the wall contains reinforcing steel(rebar)or not.It is the responsibility of the employer to assure that walls not adequately supported to withstand all normally expected forces,which would include prevailing wind pressure loads,building geometry,and wall location,are braced.If the employer determines the wall is capable of withstanding the forces applied during construction,then the wall would be considered to be adequately supported and would not require bracing.The employer must be prepared to substantiate this determination.,39,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsMasonry Wall Bracing,Photos depict hazardous condition,40,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Struck By HazardsMasonry Wall Bracing,A“Limited Access Zone”must be established on the unscaffolded side of a masonry wall.The objective of this standard is to prevent masonry walls from collapsing onto persons exposed to them.This can be done by supporting or bracing the walls or by restricting exposure within the probable fall path of the walls.The only employees permitted in the zone are those actively engaged in constructing the wall.The size of the zone is based on the height of the unsupported portion of the wall plus four feet.For example,if the wall being constructed is up to a height of 80 feet,and all but 10 feet of the height is supported,the Limited Access Zone required would be 14 feet.,41,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,Mixers represent a hazard due to their rotating parts.NEVER put any part of your body inside a running mixer.Ensure the grate guard is always in place during operation.,42,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,Use caution when blocking mixers.Things to watch:Stable groundStability and condition of blocksWeight of the object to be blockedThe environment around your work area,i.e.traffic/pedestriansBlock the equipment against motion of any kindUse solid,flat-sided blocking material,not rotten,round or hollow material,Photo depicts hazardous condition,43,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,Never operate a mixer unless the motor cover is closed covering all rotating parts to include;chains and sprockets,belts and pulleys.,Photo depicts hazardous condition,Place all masonry saws on a stable,level surface.Ensure area around saw is kept clean.Wear necessary PPE,including hard hat and safety glasses.,44,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,Photo depicts hazardous condition,45,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,Hand-held equipment,such as a demo saw,can kick back.Always hold firmly with both hands and follow the manufacturers guidance on its use and PPE.,46,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,When operating a masonry saw use the correct PPE and never put your hands where they can contact the rotating blade.,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsRotating/Unguarded Equipment,Never disable any guard or protective device on your equipment.,This guard is bolted open!,47,Photo depicts hazardous condition,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,Only trained and certified employees are allowed to operate forkliftsAlways wear your seatbelt when operating equipmentEnsure equipment maintenance&inspections are performed per the manufacturer,48,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,Why does a forklift tip over?Load shifted to the side Unequal tire pressure Turning Speeding Unlevel terrain Off-center loads Mast too high with rear tilt Exceeding load capacity Heavy braking Excessive forward tilt Traveling down an incline with load forward,49,Photo depicts hazardous condition,50,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,Photos depict hazardous condition,You must stay in the forklift to survive when it rolls over!Always wear the seatbelt!,51,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,Never be in a position where an equipment operator cannot see you!DO NOT stand between vehicles!,Photo depicts hazardous condition,52,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,Never be in a position where equipment can crush or kill you!Follow the manufacturers guidance when performing maintenance.,Photo depicts hazardous condition,53,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,Ensure the backup alarm is working on all equipment.,54,Masonry Struck By/Caught-In-Between Safety,Caught In Between HazardsEquipment Operation/Maintenance,When unloading trailers,always watch for shifting material as well as overhead loads.Always use tag lines on loads.Stay out of the area between the load and the pervious set of sections.Communicate with the crane operator.Train everyone in the procedures being used a