研究生-学术英语课件ppt.ppt

main,Unit 2Energy Conservation,2012,Part A Section A Pre-listening-Background Information,Sidney Rittenberg Sidney Rittenberg is an American journalist,interpreter and scholar who lived in China from 1944 to 1979.He worked closely with Peoples Republic of China founder Mao Zedong,military leader Zhu De,statesman Zhou Enlai,and other leaders of the Chinese,Party(CCP)during the war,and was with these central Communist leaders at Yanan.He witnessed first-hand much of what occurred at upper levels of the CCP and knew many of its leaders personally.He was the first American citizen to join the CCP.,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part A,Part B,Listening,LISTENING,Section A Pre-listening-Background Information,Presently(as of 2010),Rittenberg is a faculty member in the Chinese Studies Program at Pacific Lutheran University.He and his wife operate Rittenberg&Associates,a consulting firm that provides assistance to businesses who work with Chinese companies.He remains dedicated to fostering cooperation between China and the U.S.,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part A,Part B,Listening,LISTENING,Section A.New Words and Expressions,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part A,Part B,Listening,veterandraft neutraltrucereconcile solitary confinement perception outnumber Nationalist Revolutionary ArmyGreat Leap Forwardgrass sandals,老资格的，资深的（战时）征募中立的休战使和解单独监禁看法；观念；认识数量上超过此处指“国民党党员”此处指“共产党领导的人民军队”“大跃进”运动草鞋,LISTENING,Section A.New Words and Expressions,Pre-listening,New Words and Expressions,Background Information,Part A,Part B,Listening,vision 对未来的憧憬famine 饥荒swollen 肿胀的malnutrition 营养不良public health campaigns 指建国初期开展的一系列爱国 卫生运动articulate 阐明emancipate解放feudalistic封建（制度）的the eight lines“八荣八耻”社会主义荣辱观moral code道德规范，道德标准,LISTENING,Section A Listen Task 1,Pre-listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part A,Part B,Listening,Yang Rui,anchor of Dialogue,CCTV-NEWS,is interviewing with Sidney Rittenberg,president of Rittenberg&Associates.,LISTENING,Section A Listen Task 1,Listen to the interview and try to get its main ideas by taking notes.Fill in the blanks according to your notes.,1.The interview is mainly about.2.While young,Mr.Rittenberg had a dream of.3.In the eyes of Rittenberg,the two causes for the CPCs success over the Nationalists are:1);,working to,it had established extremely close and unbreakable,relations with the people,Pre-listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part A,Part B,Listening,people,a foreigners perception,of Chinas reform and development,build bridges between Chinese people and American,LISTENING,Section A Listen Task 1,.4.During the current Long March of modernization,the Chinese people should1);2).5.To be successful,the Chinese government should1);2).,study Chinese reality,_,develop a set of strategies,a common vision and a,make people feel that it represents their interests,_,Pre-listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part A,Part B,Listening,its soldiers had a shared vision of a bright future,_,set of core values,do more in terms of the emancipation of the mind,_,LISTENING,Task 2.1,Listen to the interview again and try to answer the following questions.,1.Does Mr.Rittenberg think his work with China is worthwhile?Why or why not?,Yes.Because he thinks that what hes doing today is more effective than what he was able to do in the past.,2.What was the vision shared by soldiers in the Revolutionary Army?,They believed that they were fighting for their land,for their family to have their own farmland,and for a fair government that would listen to the people and do what they needed.,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Task 2.2,3.What vision do we Chinese people need to have today?,A practical,down-to-earth,realistic vision that everyone shares.,4.What does Mr.Rittenberg say about the“emancipation of the mind”in China?,Equally important to the development of the market economy,the emancipation of the mind hasnt gone far enough.Theres still the shadow of the old feudalistic habits of governments and individuals in their thinking and in their relationships.,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Task 2.2,5.How important does Mr.Rittenberg think the eight-line moral code is?,The eight lines can serve as core values for the Chinese people to have a new common vision.,Pre-listening,Listening,Task 1 Listen and Take Notes,Task 2 Listen for Details,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script1,An Eyewitness to Changes in China(Y:Yang Rui,anchor of Dialogue,CCTV-NEWSR:Sidney Rittenberg,president of Rittenberg&Associates.)Y:Mr.Rittenberg,you are a successful businessman and also a big name to the Chinese due to your close association with the first generation of the PRC leaders.How do you look at the impact that that experience has had on your current perception of Chinas reform and development?R:I feel in my heart that what Im doing today is a continuation of what I was trying to do in the past.And that is,I had this ambition,this dream,from the time,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,Part A,Part B,that I began studying Chinese at Stanford University in 1943,I had this dream of working to build bridges between Chinese people and American people,and to help them understand each other and cooperate together.And I tried to do that in the past,working in China in Maos day.And thats exactly what Im trying to do today.I really think that what Im doing today is more effective than what I was able to do in the past.Y:At that time many foreigners came to China,but you were among the very few who got close to the Communist Party of China.,LISTENING,Script,R:You know,its quite obvious to me that the only reason that the Communist Party of China was able to win in the final stages of the Civil War is because of their extremely close relations with the people.The Chinese people that came to know them,trusted them and considered them their representatives.This small peasant army led by Mao Zedong had no tanks,no big guns,no planes,and was greatly outnumbered by the opposition,which was the most powerful armed force in Asia after the Second World War.And yet in only three and a half years,the Nationalists were completely defeated and driven off to the island province of Taiwan.,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,Why?Because the ties that the Communists had with the Chinese people were unbreakable.They had their trust.They had their confidence and support.And that was something that the Nationalists were not able to get.You know,the Revolutionary Army was a poor army,even in terms of the food they got.The soldiers had grass sandals that they made themselves along the march.But what made them do it?The fact that they had a vision.They believed that they were fighting for their land,for their family to have their own farmland,and for a fair government that would listen to the people and do what they needed.So this is the only explanation I can think of for why they were able to win.,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,Y:In the Long March you just talked about,the Communist army had to overcome extreme difficulties.But in the new Long March of modernization today,we are also facing difficulties,though very different.Whats your view of this new Long March?R:I agree with calling this a new Long March,only the barriers are very different.Those barriers were certainly very grim and threatening.Some of these barriers look very good and inviting but actually they are not.I mean,in the days before and during the Long March,the leaders had the task of studying the,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,Chinese reality and getting everybody that they could influence to study reality and from it to derive a set of policies,practical strategies to guide everybody.So people had a shared vision and dream.They were motivated by this common dream to work together.And I think,during the current Long March of modernization,China would need to do the same thing,to gradually study Chinese reality and develop a set of strategies,a common vision and a set of values that most people will share.And then youll find that you dont have a problem of disconnection between the central government and local governments,or a problem of a big gap between city and country life.,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,Y:Still,people are wondering in this country why we were able to live with poverty but have problems living with the new wealth.R:Again its the lack of a practical,down-to-earth,realistic vision that everyone shares,in my opinion.I remember after the“Great Leap Forward”when there was a famine,many,many people in Beijing,including government workers,professors in schools,their faces were swollen because people werent getting enough food.But nobody admitted that it was because of malnutrition.No one said,“Its because we dont have enough food.”You know,I personally dont think that,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,for most people,they were motivated just for a distant future dream of Communism.It was because of what the new government had actually already done for the people:workers got their eight hours a day,farmers got their own land for the first time,the public health campaigns,etc.These things raised the standards of living,especially during the first five or six years from 1949 to 1955.Tremendous social changes made people feel,“This is my government;they represent my interests;they bring me real benefits.”Y:What lessons do you think we should draw from the Cultural Revolution?,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,R:Well,I think the Cultural Revolution pointed out one fact,which actually was articulated by Deng Xiaoping in his interview after the Cultural Revolution with an American correspondent.He said that any government that doesnt succeed in making life better for most people in China year by year is not going to succeed.And I think that was the lesson that was taught:its not enough just to have growth of the economy,youve got to make people feel that you represent their interests and you are working for them.Y:Besides making peoples life better,there is another core idea of Deng Xiaopings theory,that is,the emancipation of peoples mind.,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,R:I think the emancipation of the mind that followed the Cultural Revolution is equally important to the development of the market economy in China today.But compared to the economic reform,I think the emancipation of the mind hasnt gone far enough.Theres still the shadow of the old feudalistic habits of governments and individuals in their thinking and in their relationships.When I say a common vision,I dont mean a political code that everyone recites.I mean a feeling that we are working together to build a common society thats more or less represented by the eight lines that were raised by President Hu Jintao,the moral code.,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,An Eyewitness to Changes in China(Y:Yang Rui,anchor of Dialogue,CCTV-NEWSR:Sidney Rittenberg,president of Rittenberg&Associates.)Y:Mr.Rittenberg,you are a successful businessman and also a big name to the Chinese due to your close association with the first generation of the PRC leaders.How do you look at the impact that that experience has had on your current perception of Chinas reform and development?R:I feel in my heart that what Im doing today is a continuation of what I was trying to do in the past.And that is,I had this ambition,this dream,from the time,Script2,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Script,Part A,Part B,that I began studying Chinese at Stanford University in 1943,I had this dream of working to build bridges between Chinese people and American people,and to help them understand each other and cooperate together.And I tried to do that in the past,working in China in Maos day.And thats exactly what Im trying to do today.I really think that what Im doing today is more effective than what I was able to do in the past.Y:At that time many foreigners came to China,but you were among the very few who got close to the Communist Party of China.,LISTENING,R:You know,its quite obvious to me that the only reason that the Communist Party of China was able to win in the final stages of the Civil War is because of their extremely close relations with the people.The Chinese people that came to know them,trusted them and considered them their representatives.This small peasant army led by Mao Zedong had no tanks,no big guns,no planes,and was greatly outnumbered by the opposition,which was the most powerful armed force in Asia after the Second World War.And yet in only three and a half years,the Nationalists were completely defeated and driven off to the island province of Taiwan.,Script,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Why?Because the ties that the Communists had with the Chinese people were unbreakable.They had their trust.They had their confidence and support.And that was something that the Nationalists were not able to get.You know,the Revolutionary Army was a poor army,even in terms of the food they got.The soldiers had grass sandals that they made themselves along the march.But what made them do it?The fact that they had a vision.They believed that they were fighting for their land,for their family to have their own farmland,and for a fair government that would listen to the people and do what they needed.So this is the only explanation I can think of for why they were able to win.,Script,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Y:In the Long March you just talked about,the Communist army had to overcome extreme difficulties.But in the new Long March of modernization today,we are also facing difficulties,though very different.Whats your view of this new Long March?R:I agree with calling this a new Long March,only the barriers are very different.Those barriers were certainly very grim and threatening.Some of these barriers look very good and inviting but actually they are not.I mean,in the days before and during the Long March,the leaders had the task of studying the,Script,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Chinese reality and getting everybody that they could influence to study reality and from it to derive a set of policies,practical strategies to guide everybody.So people had a shared vision and dream.They were motivated by this common dream to work together.And I think,during the current Long March of modernization,China would need to do the same thing,to gradually study Chinese reality and develop a set of strategies,a common vision and a set of values that most people will share.And then youll find that you dont have a problem of disconnection between the central government and local governments,or a problem of a big gap between city and country life.,Script,Part A,Part B,LISTENING,Y:Still,people are wondering in this country why we were able to live with poverty but have problems living with the new wealth.R:Again its the lack of a practical,