非谓语现在分词.ppt

非谓语动词,一：什么词在句中作谓语？二：找出下列句子的谓语动词He had a good memory.2.It would be a waste of money.3.He has bought a car.4.They had moved away.5.The boy works in Beijing.6.We are playing.7.They were working.8.I can swim.9.The students must go.,动词位于主语后,注意：We swimming.()三：非谓语动词顾名思义，非谓语动词在句中不能做谓语.但可以做定、状、补、主、宾等。非谓语动词的形式有三种：动词不定式（to do）；动ing（working）；过去分词（done)To swim is good.2.Swimming is good.3.He went in,laughing.4.The house,built in 1969,is good.,1.动词ing形式的用法。1）动ing做主语一般表经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。例：Swimming is my favourite sport.比较：动ing与动词不定式作主语的区别。不定式表将来的、具体的一次性的行为。Lying is wrong.Lying to her is wrong.注：在某些平行结构中，动名词和不定式是特定的对称结构，一 般不能随意替换：eg.Seeing is believing.To learn is to use.,2)形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。固定句式Its a waste of time doing sth.做是浪费时间的。Its useless/worthwhile doing sth.做.没用/是值得的 It is no good/no use/no fun doing sth.做没用注意:There is no need to do sth.做.没用。It is+（形容 easy)（for Tom）to do sth.对.来说做.是,Fishing is his favorite hobby,and _.A.hed like to collect coins as well B.he feels like collecting coins,too C.to collect coins is also his hobby D.collecting coins also gives him great pleasure,D,动词ing作宾语1动词ing用于一些特定的动词后，作动词的宾语。避免错过少延期（avoid,miss,postpone)建议完成多联系(advise/suggest,finish,practise）喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy imagine,cant help)承认否定与嫉妒（admit,deny,envy)逃避冒险莫原谅（escape,risk,excuse)忍受保持不介意（stand，keep,mind）考虑感激不喜欢（consider,appreciate,dislike）这些词后加动词ing作宾语。,例。Would you mind opening the door？2.作动词短语的宾语.1）介词后用动词ing.after working2）下列动词短语后用动词ing作宾语。put off（推迟），give up(放弃),feel like(喜欢)be worth doing(值得做）等+动词ing He gave up smoking.3.start/begin（开始），continue(继续）后既可加doing 或to do,意思一样。He began working/to work.,4.在love,like,prefer,hate 后接动词ing 表经常性的动作。接to do 表具体某一次的动作。I like swimming.I like to swim this afternoon.5.有些动词或动词短语后加doing 或to do 作宾语都可以，但意义不同。stop to do sth 停下来去做某事（两件事)stop doing 停止做某事（一件事)mean to do 打算做.mean doing 意味着做 try to do sth 尽力去干.try doing 尝试做,be afraid to do 不敢做 be afraid of doing 害怕发生 remember to do 记住要去做(未做）remember doing 记得做了.（已做）forget to do 忘记要去做.（没做）forget doing 忘记做了.(已做）regret to do 遗憾要去做（未做）regret doing 后悔做了.(已做）Please stop working.Please stop to work.,6.主语+need/require/want(需要）deserve(值得）+to do（主语能发出do 的动作）I need to buy a book.主语+need/require/want(需要）deserve(值得）+doing(主表被）=to be done(主语不能发出do 的动作，表被做）The old man needs looking after=needs to be looked after.二：动词ing的否定式1)动词ing的否定式通常在动词ing前加 not，即：not 动词ingNot wanting to go is his idea.,2)动词ing带有逻辑主语时（即动词ing前有my、your、the boys.)not 加在逻辑主语和动词ing之间。Excuse me for my coming on time.四.动词ing的复合结构动词ing的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格动词ing，即“sb/sbs+动词ing”构成。动词ing的复合结构实际上是给动词ing加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing的复合结构有四种形式;1)形容词性物主代词+动词ing 2)名词s+动词ing3)代词宾格+动词ing 4)名词+动词ing,注：动词ing的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用3），4）两种形式。其中的名词所有格可以改为普通格，物主代词可改为宾格。如：my fathers going alone my father going alone;our taking part in it us taking part in it,改写句子 Would you mind if I opened the window?Would you mind_ _ the window?Would you mind _ _ the window?,my opening,me opening,六：动词ing 的语态在语态上，动词ing形式有主动式（doing,having done)和被动式（being done,having been done).主动式表主动意义，被动表被动意义。He insisted on sending her to hospital.He insisted on being sent to hospital at once.,一：动词ing形式作表语系动词（be,look,feel,smell)后+动词ing，动词ing 做系动词的表语,描述的是主语的状态注：主语不能发出动词ing 的动作1.Seeing is believing.2.The book is interesting.3.The film looks frightenimg.1.I am working.,二:动词ing作定语单个的动词ing作定语位于它修饰的名词前.a smoking room 一个抽烟室 a puzzling question 一个令人困惑的问题 a sleeping car 一个卧铺如果动词ing短语作定语。位于他所修饰的名词后The boy playing football is from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩来自于一班。,三:动词ing做宾语补足语1）位于感官动词后see、hear、feel、smell、watch、find、notice.+sb+动词ing 动词ing做sb的宾语补足语I saw her woking.我看见他正在工作2）位于have(使）keep（让）leave(使)+sb+动词ing动词ing做sb的宾语补足语I have him standing.我让他一直站着。3）用于with 的复合结构中With sb doing,+句子 随着某人做With the boy leading the way,I found the boy.,1,catch sb doing 抓住某人干,非谓语动词动词ing作状语,动词ing动词过分,+句子 句子+动词ing 动词过分在以上的两个句子中动词ing 动词过分作状语切记：用动词ing作状语时，句子的主语一定能发出这个动词的动作。用过分作状语时，主语不能发出这动作，表被发出1._(Hear)the news,he cried.2.The boy went out,_.(laugh)3.He stood up and looked out,_(cry).4._(finish),the house will be opened to the people.,Hearing,laughing,crying,2.构成省略句式：1)When等连词+动词ing（必须是主语能发出这个动作）,+句子（切记，前后句必是同一个主语）When_(see),I went out.2)When等连词+动词过去分词（主语不能发出这个动作，表被动）,+句子（切记，前后句必是同一个主语）Unless _(invite),you must keep silent.,3.一些固定用法（多用于句首）generally speaking 一般说来Judging from,根据判断Considering(that）+句子.考虑到Supposing（that）+句子 假如.,4.注，不及物动词与系动词无被动语态，用分词时只用现在分词，即动词ing1)The flowers _ sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(2004上海)A.to smell B.smelling C.smelt D.to be smelt,B,5.特殊句型1）on+动词ing,+句子。一就.On arriving,he saw me.6.祈使句(以动词原形开头的句子）+and or+将来时的句子Get up,or you will be late.7.祈使句+波折号（相当于连词and等）+将来时的句子_some juice perhaps youn will like it.A.Trying B.TryC.To try D.Have tried,B,8.只有to do 可以做目的状语，别的不行He stayed here to learn English.9.only to do，结果是 only to be done 结果被He hurried to the station,only to _(tell)that the star had left.10.动词ing的一般式：doing（表示doing这个动作与主句谓语动词同时发生）Walking in the steet,I met an old friend.动词ing的完成时:having done(表示having done这个动作发生在主句谓语动词之前）Having finished the letter,he went out.,11.动词ing的语态：doing(主动)表doing这动作与句子谓动同时进行being done(被动)表被动这动作与谓动同时进行having done(主动)分词的完成时表示having done这动作发生在句子谓动之前having been done(被动)Having been invited,they went there to give a speech.He could not bear being laughed at.12.动词ing的否定，在动词ing前加not.,宾 语,1.(09陕西12)I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A.to take B.to be taken C.taking D.being taken,2.(09上海35)Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.having held B.to hold C.holding D.hold,3.(09上海39)David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.to be reported B.reporting C.to report D.having reported,4.(08江西24)I hear theyve promoted Tom，but he didnt mention when we talked on the phone.A.to promote B.having been promoteC.having promoted D.to be promoted,5.I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late.(2000.1)you to delay making B.your delaying making C.your delaying to make D.you delay to make,6.(06北京35)I cant stand with Jane in the same office.She just refuses talking while she works.A.working;stopping B.to work;stoppin C.working;to stop D.to work;to stop,7.(09四川2)He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussionto have B.having C.have D.had,8.I have no objection _ your story again.(2000.6)A.to hear B.to hearing C.to having heard D.to have heard,定 语,1.(09重庆29)With the world changing fast,we have something new with all by ourselves every day.A.deal B.dealt C.todeal D.dealing,2.(09安徽28)The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.A.produced B.being produced C.to be produced D.having been produced,3.(09海南35)Now that weve discussed out problem,are people happy with the decisions?taking B.take C.taken D.to take,4.(07全国25)The last one pays the meal.Agreed!A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving,5.(07湖南34)“Things never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself.A.lost B.losing C.to lose D.have lost,(89)6.Do you know the boy_ under the tree?A.lay B.lainC.laying D.lying,7.(06北京28)There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A.add B.to addC.adding D.added,8.(09江西)The government plans to bring in new laws _parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A.forced B.forcingC.to be forced D.having forced,1.(09北京34)_ twice,the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.Being bitten B.Bitten C.Having bitten D.To be bitten,状 语,2.(09江西22)_the right kind of training,these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given,3.(09福建32)_not to miss the flight at 15:20,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.Reminding B.Reminded C.To remind D.Having reminded,4(09湖南25)At the age of 29,Dave was a worker,in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering B.lived;wonderingC.lived;wondered D.living;wondered,3.(09四川10)_ many times,he finally understood it.Told B.Telling C.Having told D.Having been told,4.(09天津4)_ the project in time,the staff were working at weekends.Competing B.Having completed C.To have completed D.To complete,5.(08辽宁27)He was busy writing a story only once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having,6.(04上海42)Having been attacked by terrorists，.A.the tall building collapsedB.doctors came to their rescueC.an emergency measure was takenD.warnings were given to tourists,7.(08全国26)I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed,8.(08北京32)I feel greatly honored into their society.A.to welcome B.welcoming C.to be welcomed D.welcomed,补 语,1.(07重庆28)Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.A.is said to be buying B.is said to have boughtC.had said to buy D.has said to have bought,2.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_.A.hear B.to hearC.hearing D.heard,3.(09全国16)They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.being run B.run C.to run D.running,4.(06天津7)A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left.A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying C.to be unsatisfying D.being unsatisfied,5.The murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behind his back.being tied B.having tiedC.to be tied D.tied,6.You will see this product _ wherever you go.(2000.6)A.to be advertised B.advertised C.advertise D.advertising,7.(07福建24)Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period.A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve,8.(07全国29)I smell something in the kitchen.Can I call you back in a minute?A.burning B.burnt C.being burnt D.to be burnt,Tony lent me the money,_ that Id do as much for him.A.hopingB.to hopeC.hopedD.having hoped2.【2012重庆】23._to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.A.Having been asked B.To ask C.Having asked D.To be asked3.【2012全国】28.The party will be held in the garden,weather.A.permitting B.to permit C.permitted D.permit,4.【2012北京】23.One learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.A.corrects B.correct C.to correct D.correcting5.【2012福建】28.China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _ in the South China Sea.A.attacking B.having attacking C.being attacked D.having been attacked6.【2012福建】34.Pressed from his parents,and _ that he has wasted too much time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.A.realizing B.realized C.to realize D.being realized,7.【2012陕西】15._ in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.A.Standing B.To stand C.Stood D.Stand8.【2012湖南】31.The lecture,_ at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A.starting B.being starting C.to start D.to be started9.【2012天津】11.He got up late and hurried to his office,_ the breakfast untouched.A.left B.to leave C.leaving D.having left,10.【2012江西】35.John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.A.offered B.offering C.to offer D.to be offered11.【2012辽宁】25.The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog _.A.to follow B.following C.followed D.follows12.【2012四川】8.I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A.to wind B.wind C.winding D.wound,13.【2012江苏】31._ an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it soon or later.A.Based B.Basing C.Base D.To base 2011年高考非谓语动词ing形式高考试题 1、(全国卷I)The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen2、（全国卷II）Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_nothing about the argument.A.says B:said C.to say D.saying,3、（北京卷）Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,_ on your feet.A.to keepB.keeping C.having keptD.to have kept4、(上海卷)Its no use _ without taking action.A.complainB.complaining C.being complained D.to be complained5、(上海卷)At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam.Then I changed my mind,_ that he could do nothing to help.A.to realizeB.realized C.realizingD.being realized,6、（山东卷）Look over theretheres a very long,winding path_ up to the house.A.leading B.leads C.led D.to lead7、（江西卷）.On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall,Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office.A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.to say8、（江苏卷）Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared,9、（四川卷）.Lydia doesnt feel like_ abroad.Her parents are old.A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study10、（辽宁卷）_ around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering11、（陕西卷）More highways have been built in China,_it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.A.making B.made C.to make D.having made,12、(湖南卷).Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day?A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt2010-2006 1.（10福建25）Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,supplies to Yushu,Qinghai Province after the earthquake.A.sendingB.to sendC.having sentD.to have sent2.（10上海33）Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.A.amused B.amusing C.to amuse D.to be amused,3.（10上海35）the city center,we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.A.Approaching B.Approached C.To approach D.To be approached4.（10上海40）Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students bathrooms.A.reducing B.to reduce C.reduced D.reduce5.（10安徽30）He had a wonderful childhood,_with his mother to all corners of the worldA.travel B.to travelC.traveled D.traveling,6.（10湖南21）Listen!Do you hear someone for help?A.calling B.call C.to call D.called 7.（10湖南26）Dina,for months to find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A.struggling B.struggled C.having struggled D.to struggle 8.（10江西24）The lady walked around the shops,_ an eye out for bargains.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep,9.（10天津12）It rained heavily in the south，serious flooding in several provinces.A.caused B.having caused C.causing D.to cause 10.The lawyer listened with full attention，to miss any pointAnot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try11.（10江苏28）The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,_the students to return to their classrooms.A.enabling B.having enabled C.to enable D.to have enabled,12.（10北京21）at my classmates faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.A.Looking B.Look C.To look D.Looked13.（10重庆30）The news shocked the public,_to great concern about students safety at school.A.having ledB.ledC.leadingD.to lead14.（10浙江20）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A.being weighed B.to weigh C.weighed D.weighing,15.(09福建34)In April,2009,President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao,the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B