动词的时态的复习.ppt

动词的时态的复习,要点梳理,动词的时态一直是中考考查的重点内容。对时态的考查主要集中在一般现在时(表示客观规律和在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来时的意义)、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时和现在完成时。,.一般现在时：一般现在时用动词原形来表示。当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要变为第三人称单数形式。1表示经常性或习惯性的动作、存在的状态或现阶段的习惯行为。常用的时间状语：every day,usually,always,often,sometimes,on Sunday,once a week等。如：I go to school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七点去上学。2.表示目前的情况，特点或状态。如：I am a teacher.我是教师。She likes watching TV.她喜欢看电视。,3.表示客观存在及普遍真理或者表示格言或警句等。如：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。4.在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。如：I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.我一看见他就把消息告诉他。He will go swimming if he is free tomorrow.如果明天有空他要去游泳。,5.begin,come,go,leave,start,stop,arrive,return,open,close等动词常用一般现在时表示按计划、规定将要发生的动作。如：The train starts at 700 pm.火车将于晚上7点出发。,.一般过去时：一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。常与two years ago,just now,yesterday,last week等时间状语连用。在没有明确的过去时间状语的情况下，要通过上下文或语意来判断。如：I bought a watch for my son.我买了一个手表给我的儿子。,.现在进行时：现在进行时表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为，常和now,at this time,these days等时间状语连用。句子基本结构为：be动词am/is/are现在分词。如：Look,they are running.看，他们正在跑步。Bill is working for our school team.比你正为我们的校队效力。,注意：(1)“系动词介词或副词”可表示正在进行的动作。如：He is at work.他在上班。(2)现在进行时有时可代替一般将来时，表示按计划即将发生的动作。但此时一般要与表将来的时间状语连用，且只有少数动词有此用法。如：come,go,start,arrive,leave,return,set out/off等。如：My aunt is coming tomorrow.我的阿姨明天要来。,(3)不用进行时态的情况 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词，如see,hear,smell,taste，hope,like等。表示拥有的动词，如have,own,belong等。表示理解、记忆或决定的动词，如understand,know,remember,forget,decide等。,.过去进行时：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作，常与at that time,this time yesterday,at 8 oclock yesterday evening,when he came in连用。句子基本结构为：was/weredoing,.现在完成时：1句子基本结构：主语have/has done(动词过去分词)2.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与already,yet,just,from then on,so far,in the past(last)few years连用。句中的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。3.现在完成时表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，并有可能持续下去，常与“since时间点”或“for时间段”连用。句中的谓语动词常用延续性动词。记住一个句型：It is/has been时间段since.,4.表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事，常与never,ever,before,once,three times等连用。句中的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。5.have/has been to.表示“曾经去过某地”；have/has gone to.表示“去了某地，还没回来”；have/has been in/at.表示在某地呆了多久，且须与表一段时间的状语连用。注：若have/has been 后接的是地点副词here,there时，则不用介词to,in或at。,6.有关短暂性动词(1)短暂性动词在现在完成时中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。(2)短暂性动词不能出现在由how long引导的疑问句中，但可以和already,never,just,ever,before等连用。,7.短暂性动词的用法：(1)短暂性动词与短暂性时间(时间点)连用。如：He joined the Party three years ago.他入党三年了。(他三年前入党的)(2)用“It is/has been时间段since.”句型。如：It is/has been three years since I bought the book.这本书我买了三年了。(从买这本书起到现在已三年了)(3)短暂性动词转换成延续性动词或形容词、介词等表状态短语可与“for时间段”或“since时间点”连用。,.过去完成时：1.句子基本结构：主语had done(动词过去分词)2.表示以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”，常与before,by the end of last year(term,month.)等时间状语连用。如：She had seen the film before she came here.她来这儿之前已经看过这部电影了。3.用在told,said,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句中。如：She said she had worked there for five years.她说她在那儿工作已有五年了。4.用在以when,before等引导的时间状语从句中。如：When he got outside,the bus had left.当他来时，公交车已经离开了。,.一般将来时：1表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与tomorrow,next day,in a few minutes等时间状语连用。2句子基本结构：(1)will do.如：I will go fishing this afternoon.下午我会去钓鱼。(2)be going to do.表示即将发生的事或打算、计划或准备要做的事。(3)come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事。如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。,(4)come,go,move,leave,stay等动词的现在进行时可以表示按计划将要发生的事。如：Im leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。They are going camping for vacation.他们度假要去野营。Are you staying here till next week?你会在这儿呆到下周吗？,(5)在时间状语和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将要发生的事。如：If you come,Ill be happy.如果你来，我会很高兴。Ill give him the message,as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就给你消息。,.过去将来时：表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的事情或存在的状态。1.句子基本结构：(1)would/should do.如：she said that she would have a party for her daughter(2)was/were going to do(3)was/were doing 2.用于主句为一般过去时，宾语从句表将要发生的事或曾打算要做的事。3.在叙述过去的事或事情发生的经过时，用来表示在当时看将要发生的事。,感悟中考,【例1】(2011北京)Paul and I _ tennis yesterday.He did much better than I.A.play B.will playC.played D.are playing 解析：考查一般过去时的用法。关键词yesterday，须用一般过去时，故选C。,C,【例2】(2011苏州)Please turn off the TV.The baby _.OK.Ill go out for a walk.A.sleeps B.sleptC.is sleeping D.was sleeping 解析：本题考查现在进行时。联系上文：“请关掉电视。”和“下文：好的，我将出去散 步。”可判断用现在进行时表示宝宝正在睡觉，故选C。,C,【例3】(2011宁波)Amy,I called you yesterday evening,but nobody answered the phone.Oh,I _ a walk with my mother at that time.A.take B.took C.am taking D.was taking 解析：本题考查过去进行时。根据上文可知打电话发生在昨晚，下文“at that time”意为在“那时候”，推断此处应用过去进行时。故选D。,D,【例4】(2011盐城)Mr.White came to our school in 2008,and since then he _ us English.A.teaches B.taughtC.has taught D.will teach 解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。since then意为“从那以后到现在为止”，句中的时态为 现在完成时。故选C。,C,【例5】(2011枣庄)He said that light _much faster than sound.A.has travelled B.wentC.travels D.travelled 解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。在宾语从句中尽管主句的时态为过去时，从句若表示 真理则仍用一般现在时。,C,【例6】(2011北京)Wheres Tom?His mother _ him now.A.is looking for B.will look for C.has looked for D.looks for 解析：本题考查现在进行时的用法。now为关键词，意为“现在”。常与现在进行时连用。故选A。,A,【例7】(2011河北)My sister wants a new dress.She _ it to the party.A.wears B.has wornC.wore D.is going to wear 解析：本题考查一般将来时的用法。根据句意：我的姐姐想要一条新裙子，她打算穿着它去 参加晚会。判断is going to wear 符合逻辑。故选D。,D,【例8】(2011宿迁)If there is any change to the plan,I _ you as soon as possible.A.told B.have toldC.tell D.will tell 解析：本题考查一般将来时的用法。根据上文：“如果我有机会”，可知还未发生。须用一般将来时。故选D。,D,领悟语法,.用方框中所给词的适当形式填空 travel do not leave write visit1.Can I help you?I bought the pen yesterday.But it work.2.She told us she the Summer Palace the next day.3.He told me he a letter to his pen pal when I called him.4.They for England tomorrow.5.My father told me the light faster than the sound.,doesnt,would visit,was writing,are leaving,travels,.单词拼写(1)If it isnt(下雨)this Sunday,we will go hiking.(2)The Greens have(去)to Beijing twice.(3)He(买)this car for three years.He(买)it in 2008.(4)There will(有)a new library in our town next year.(5)The talk show(开始)at 800 tomorrow evening?,rainy,been,has had,bought,be,will start,.单项选择()1.Are you going to the bank,Laura?No,I _ to the bank already.(2011徐州)A.have been B.have gone C.am going D.had been 解析：考查时态及句意。由上句句意“你打算去银行吗？不。”和“already”推 测他已经去过了，用现在完成时。have/has been地点 意为“去过某地(已回来)”；have/has gone地点意为“到 某地去了(现在不在这儿)”。故选A。,A,()2.I _ along the road when I saw Peter.So we stopped and had a chat.(2011盐城)A.walked B.was walking C.would walk D.had walked 解析：考查时态。过去进行时与when连用表示：过去正在发生某事，突然插入一个时间点。句意：我在沿马路上走的时 候看到了彼得。因此我们停下聊了起来。故选B。,B,()3.Are Li Yan and Wang Mei still living in Pingba?No,they _ to Shanghai.(2011贵州)A.had moved B.moved C.will move D.have moved 解析：考查时态。根据句意“李岩和王玫还住在平坝吗？不，他们已经搬 到上海了”，强调对现在造成的影响，应该是现在完成 时态。故选D。,D,()4.My aunt is a writer.She _ more than ten books since 1980.(2011北京)A.writes B.wrote C.has written D.will write 解析：考查时态。由since 1980“自从1980年到现在”，用现在完成时，故选C。,C,()5.Mr.Black is going to marry a girl he _ in Japan last year.(2011包头)A.meets B.met C.has met D.would meet 解析：考查动词过去式。句意为“布莱克先生打算和他去年在日本结识的女孩 结婚”。故选B。,B,()6.I _ many new friends since I came here.(2011毕节)A.make B.made C.will make D.have made 解析：考查时态。since.是现在完成时的时间状语标志，故选D。,D,()7.Alan,its late.Why not go to bed?Jenny hasnt come back yet.I _ for her.(2011广东)A.waited B.have waited C.am waiting D.was waiting 解析：考查时态。由句意“艾伦，很晚了，为什么还不睡？”“詹妮还没有 回来。我 _她”由语境分析，艾伦现在是正在等 詹妮回来。应用现在进行时态。故选C。,C,()8.By the end of last month,I _ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.(2011上海)A.collect B.collected C.have collected D.had collected 解析：考查过去完成时。此处by意为“到为止”，该句意为“到上个月末为止，我已经将Justin Bieber全部的CD收集起来”，表示“动 作从过去已经开始一直持续到过去某个时间”，要使用 过去完成时，故选D。,D,()9.Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving.(2011上海)A.ride B.rode C.rides D.will ride 解析：考查一般现在时。every day意为“每天”，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，故该句子要使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故选C；选项B、D时态错误。,C,()10.We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week.(2011上海)A.move B.movedC.will move D.have moved 解析：考查一般将来时。这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句可以使用各种时态；由从句中next week可以看出主 句要使用一般将来时，故选C。,C,()11.What is Tom doing now?He _ basketball over there.(2011山东)A.is playing B.will playC.has played D.was playing 解析：考查时态。句中有What is Tom doing now？可以看出下文的回答 也应使用现在进行时态，故选A。,A,()12.Tom was so careless that he _ his right arm when he was riding to school.(2011武汉)A.hurts B.hurtC.has hurt D.had hurt 解析：考查时态。句意：汤姆是如此不小心，以致当他骑车去上学时，伤着了他的右臂。由句意可知，是主动语态，由主句 的谓语动词was可知，用一般过去时。故选B。,B,()13.Mom,when can I go out to play football?Finish your homework first,or I _let you go out.(2011威海)A.dont B.didnt C.wont D.havent 解析：考查时态。根据题意“妈妈，我什么时候可以出去踢足球？”“首先完成作业，否则，我不会让你出去的”可知，本句用一般将来时，故用wont。,C,()14.Hello!Im very glad to see you.When _ you _ here？(2011青岛)A.did;arrive B.will;arrive C.have;arrived D.are;arriving 解析：考查时态。从Im very glad to see you.“很高兴在这里见到你。”可知问的是“过去”什么时候“到达”的，用一般过去时。故选A。,A,()15.If it had been fine yesterday,we could have watched that air show.But it _ all day.(2011十堰)A.has rained B.had rained C.rained D.rains 解析：考查时态。前一句：如果昨天天气好的话，我们可能会看到航空展 览的。是虚拟语气。从yesterday看出是过去时，故选C。,C,.用动词的正确形式填空 My grandmother was an ironwilled(强硬的)woman.When I was five,she invited some friends to her apartment.Among the guests there(be)a rich man and his daughter.Grandmother considered them the most important among the guests.During the party,I went to the bathroom.I was still sitting down when the girl walked in.“You(stay)here too long！”,提高题,was,have stayed,“Its not your business.Dont you know that little girls shouldnt come into the bathroom when a little boy(use)it？”I said in anger.This(surprise)the little girl.Then she started to cry.Most guests had heard what I said and laughed.But not Grandmother.She(wait)for me when I left the bathroom.Grandmother shouted that I was impolite and rude and ordered,“You(say)sorry to her.”All the guests watched in silence.Twenty minutes later,Grandmother walked by the bathroom and noticed a torrent(激流)of water(run)out from under the door.Everyone knew who did that.Grandmother was so angry that she tried(get)me anyway.It took several strong men finally to move her away and calm her down.,is using,surprised,was waiting,must say,running,to get,My grandfather took me by the hand and seated me on his lap.He looked at me,not at all angry or upset.“(tell)me，”he asked,“why did you do it？”“Well,she shouted at me for nothing，”I said seriously.“Now shes got something to be angry at.”Grandfather didnt speak right away.He just sat there,looking at me and smiling.I never(forget)his expressions(表情)for my whole life.“Eric，”he said at last,“I think you did the right thing.”,Tell,will,forget,