动词分类及几类常见的特殊行为动词.ppt
动词分类概述,英语中的动词是最活跃的词性，英语的时态的体现，句子类型的体现都要落实在动词的变形上，因此学好动词无疑是学好英语的必经之路，掌握好各类动词也就成了英语入门的瓶颈。,动词总体分类示意图,助动词,助动词的定义及特征本身无意义，不能独立做谓语，只能与其后的主动词一起共同构成谓语。主要用来帮助构成时态，语态，否定，疑问等He will go to Beijing tomorrow.He has visited the Great Wall twice.The old man was killed last night.He doesnt like cats.Do you enjoy learning English?,常见的助动词,1 Be He is reading books now.The machine was invented last year.2 has/have+done3 do/does/did4 will/would/shall,助动词的后续搭配,主语+助动词+主动词+其它I will go to Beijing tomorrow.,助动词的否定和疑问方法,否定：在助动词后+notI will support you forever.否定句为I will not support you forever.疑问：前提助动词He has seen that movie.一般疑问句为Has he seen that mobie?,Be 动词(am/is/are),1 肯定句:主语+be 动词+其它(名词/形容词/介词短语/不定式等）He is a teacher.He is clever.He is at home.My dream is to become a teacher.2 否定句:在 be 动词后+not 3 一般疑问句及其肯定或否定回答。前提 be 动词，肯定回答：yes,主语+is/are.否定回答：no,主语+isnt/no,主语+arent,Is your father at home?Yes,he is.No,he is not.4 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+一般疑问句Where is your father?Where are you from?,系动词的特征,不能独立做谓语，必须与后面的表语一起才能构成谓语，有人称和数的变化。He looks young.They look young.,系动词的分类,表状态的 be She is beautiful.表持续的系动词 He remains silent.他保 持沉默 He stays angry with his mother for many years.keep healthyc.表象系动词 seem/appear She seems worried.He appeared tired.,d.感官系动词feel/smell/sound/taste/lookHe looks much younger than his real age.That sounds great.The cake tastes good.This kind of silk feels soft.e.表变化系动词become/get/go/turn/fallHe fell asleep while listening to music.He got angy when he heard the news.His face went red when he realized his mistake.,f.表结果的系动词prove/turn outThat rumor proved false.What he said turned out true.,系动词的后续搭配,后面常跟形容词不能给副词He gets angry.He gets angrily.This cake tastes good.This cake tastes well.,系动词否定和疑问方法,1.be 的否定 在be 后面+not,be 的疑问前提be She is beautiful.She is not beautiful.Is she beautiful?2.其余的系动词的否定和疑问词方法与行为动词的否定和疑问方法相同。She looks beautiful.She doesnt look beautiful.Does she look beautiful?,行为动词,行为动词的定义及特征,表示主语的行为动作及状态，在句子中能够独立作谓语，随着人称，数量，时态的变化而变化。He works in a hospital.They work in a hospital.He worked in a hospital last year.,行为动词的分类,1 及物动词 后面直接+宾语We love peace.2 不及物动词 后面+介词+宾语Dont laugh at those who are in trouble.He is listening to music.,行为动词的后续搭配,及物动词+宾语不及物动词+介词+宾语宾语可以是名词，代词，动名词,不定式等 千万不要用形容词，副词，动词原形做宾语。I like happy.I like eat apples.,行为动词的否定和疑问方法,否定：在行为动词前 dont/doesnt didnt 动词还原。He likes dogs.He doesnpt like dogs.疑问:在句首前+do/does/did,动词还原 He likes dogs.Does he like dogs.,情态动词,情态动词的特征,1 情态动词不能独立做谓语，必须要和后面的主动词一起才能构成谓语。判断下列句子的正误 you must at home.You must be at home.2 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，其后一律跟动词原形。判断下列句子的正误.He can swimming.He can swims.He can swim.,情态动词的疑问和否定方法,疑问：前提情态动词 He can swim.疑问句_否定句：在情态动词后+not You must waste your time.否定句_,主要情态动词一览表,各个情态动词的具体用法,1 can/could表能力Can you play the guitar?Yes,I can.No,I cant.b.表推测，多用在否定句中，翻译成 一定不That man cant be John,for he has gone to America.c.表请求许可 Can/could I leave now?Yes,you can./No,you cant.注意：用could 提问用can 回答。d.表邀请 can you come to my birthday party?Yes,Id love to,but,2 may/might 用法表推测 意思为：可能。He may/might be ill,but I am not sure.b.表请求,许可 May I know your QQ number?Yes,you may.No,you mustnt.表祝愿May you succeed.,3 must 用法a.表命令 You must leave right away.你必须马上离开。b.表禁止 You mustnt take photos here.你绝对不能在这拍照。c.表示推测 翻译成 一定 He must be in his office,for the light in his room is still on.注意:mustnt 不能表示否定的推测，只能表示禁止，要表示否定的推测 只能用 cantMust 提出的疑问句，肯定回答用must.否定回答用 neednt 或者 dont have to.-must I hand in my homework today?-No,you neednt/you dont have to.,4 will/would表意愿-will you marry him?-yes,I will.-will you go fishing with me?-yes,I will.b.表示委婉请求-would you open the door please?-would you mind opening the door?c.表决心I will study hard from now on.-Dont waste your time anymore.-I wont.,5 shall/should征求意见-Shall we go swimming this weekend?-Thats a good idea.-what should we do for our parents birthday?b.表示义务，责任As a student,we should study hard.c.表建议，翻译成应该。You should see a dentist.You should not stay up too late.,6 had better提建议，翻译成 最好。You d better give up smoking.Youd better not smoke.7 needNeed 用作情态动词时，意思为：需要，只用在否定和疑问句中，不用在肯定句中，其后+动词原形否定形式为 needntYou neednt get up so early,for we still have a lot of time left.Need 用作行为动词时，后+to do否定形式为 dont need/doesnt needI need to have a rest.You dont need to do that.,
