公选课大学英语写作.ppt
College English Practical Writing,-CET-,一概况,1.要求：考生在写作方面能做笔 记，写提纲，能就一定的话题或提纲在30分钟内写出不低于120词的短文，另外，考生能够写短信和便条。并且，写出的文章要内容切题，文字通顺，表达正确，语义连贯，无重大语言错误。,2.CET-4写作演变与趋势,二评分原则,1.CET-4检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的四级教学要求，对作文的评判以此要求为准则。,2.CET-4作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(Award Scores)，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。,3.该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分，包括零分。,三评分标准,1.满分15分。2.阅卷标准共分五档次：2分、5 分、8分、11分及14分，依作文水平可在本档次内上下浮动1分。,3.细化评分标准：,2分-条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。,5分-基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。,8分-基本切题。有些地方表达不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。,11分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。,4.字数不足酌情扣分,四题型把握,1命题范围（1）学习与校园生活（2）社会发展变化（3）常识、格言()社会热点,2.命题体裁,（1）论说文（2）记叙文（3）图表作文（4）应用文,3.作文类型模块化,（1）对立观点型（2）问题解决型（3）说明利弊型（4）阐述主题型（5）图表八股型（6）应用直白型（7）夹叙夹议型,五写作步骤,1审题2构思3选择合适框架4下笔5检查修改,六高分要诀-闪光点的凸现,句型的使用连贯性的处理遣词干涩、枯燥文句的处理语法规范的文句,1.以there开始的句型2.以数词和量词开始的句型3.以介词开始的句型4.以副词和副词短语开始的句型,句型的使用,句型的使用,5.以although,if,when,while,now that,since 及as引导的句型6.it做形式主语和做形式宾语7.反问句8.非谓语做状语9.倒装,句型的使用,10.The more,the more 11.虚拟语气12.插入13.并列14.强调15.各种修辞手段,连贯性的处理,举例as an illustration;to illustrate;namely;as a proof;incidentally;a good case in point;specifically;for instance;for example;such as,连贯性的处理,次序first(ly);first of all;first and foremost;first of all;in the first place;in the beginning;to start with;to begin with;presently;currently;at present;temporarily;immediately;comparativelyeventually;last but not the least;lately,连贯性的处理,原因for;as;since;now that;on account of;given that;owing to;due to;thanks to;because;because of;in that;considering that;seeing that,连贯性的处理,强调above all;understandably;obviously;as a matter of fact;literally;surely;actually;factually;virtually;truly;theoretically;particularly;in particular;predictably;practically;undoubtedly;,连贯性的处理,增补besides;equally important;in addition;furthermore;whats more;moreover;additionally;in other words;likewise;to put it another way;to repeat;,连贯性的处理,对比或对照by contrast;in contrast;conversely;yet;on the other hand;otherwise;whereas;not only,but also;by comparison;in the same way;in the same manner;while;meanwhile;at the same time;instead;on the contrary;similarly;likewise;unlike;,连贯性的处理,转折或让步after all;although;but for;though;clearly;in spite of;nevertheless;however;still;except for;on the contrary;or else;in a sense;otherwise;yet;at any rate;in any case;It is true that,but;True that,but,连贯性的处理,结论或结果accordingly;as a result;consequently;in consequence;therefore;in this way;hence;for this(these)reason(s);in short;as has been mentioned/noted/stated above;eventually;in the end;in a word;all in all;,连贯性的处理,结论或结果in brief;in conclusion;to conclude;on the whole;at length;personally;in sum;to sum up;in summary;briefly;in general;generally;generally speaking;,遣词,因为关于经常很;非常越来越应该当前;现在许许多多大部分一些,on account of;owing to;in that;seeing thatconcerning;surrounding;regardingfrequently;commonly;normally exceptionally;significantly;extremelyincreasingly;an increasing number ofbe supposed/expected/obliged/to docurrently;presently;at presenta great many;many a;a large number of A vast/An overwhelming majority ofA number of;quite a few;,干涩、枯燥文句的处理,1.句型延伸He is a student.2.添加副词与形容词We should take measures against pollution.We take measures against pollution.,are obliged to,effective,efficient,and,immediately,serious/water,Wish You All Great Success!,
