《唐诗二首》教学课件.ppt

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甫,杜甫（712770），字子美。唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，被誉为诗圣。有杜工部集，与李白并称“李杜”，又因有别于杜牧，亦称“老杜”。杜甫生活在唐王朝由盛转衰之时，其诗反映社会动乱和人民疾苦，被称为“诗史”，其风格沉郁顿挫。,走近作者,背景介绍,“安史之乱”导致社会动荡、民不聊生。759年，杜甫一家辗转流落到四川成都，靠朋友的资助在浣花溪畔盖了一所茅屋，暂时有了安身之处，但生活依旧是清苦的。不料到了八月，大风破屋，大雨又接踵而至。诗人长夜难眠，感慨万千，写下了这篇脍炙人口的诗篇。诗写的是自己的数间茅屋，表现的却是忧国忧民的情感。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,有感情地朗读课文，注意节奏。,茅屋为秋风所破歌,杜 甫,八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。茅飞渡江洒江郊，高者挂罥长林梢，下者飘转沉塘坳。南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼。公然抱茅入竹去，唇焦口燥呼不得，归来倚杖自叹息。,俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻！安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！风雨不动安如山。呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！,八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。茅飞渡江洒江郊，高者挂罥长林梢，下者飘转沉塘坳。,秋深。,秋高：怒号：三重茅：挂罥：长：沉塘坳：,大声吼叫。,多层茅草。三，表示多数。,高。,沉到池塘水中。坳，水势低的地方。,挂着，挂住。罥，挂结。,飞,飘,洒,挂,沉,描写“秋风破屋”的情景。,卷,八月里秋深，狂风怒号，狂风卷走了我屋顶上好几层茅草。茅草乱飞，渡过浣花溪，散落在对岸江边。飞得高的茅草缠绕在高高的树梢上，飞得低的飘飘洒洒沉落到池塘和洼地里。,情景交融：三幅鲜明的图画，拨动诗人的心弦，交代了茅草的三个下落。“卷”“飞”“洒”“挂”“飘”“沉”这些动词，形象地写出了风吹茅草的情状，流露出诗人焦灼、苦痛无奈的心情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.第1段中哪些词语描写出了风势之大？请找出来加以赏析。,先用“怒”字把秋风拟人化，“风怒号”三字写出了秋风声之宏大，使人如闻秋风咆哮，很形象。“卷、飞、洒、挂罥、飘转”把风势的猛烈描绘得淋漓尽致，将一幅秋风卷茅的画面生动地呈现出来，从而使诗人的无奈之情自然流露。,一叹老天无情毁屋；二叹儿童幼稚，不明诗人苦衷；三叹黎民生活困苦（战乱给人民造成的痛苦）。,为：竹：呼不得：,做。,竹林。,喝止不住。,南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼。公然抱茅入竹去，唇焦口燥呼不得，归来倚杖自叹息。,写对“群童抱茅”的感叹。,南村的一群儿童欺负我年老没力气，竟忍心这样当面做“贼”抢东西，毫无顾忌地抱着茅草跑进竹林去了。我嘴唇干燥也喝止不住，回来后拄着拐杖，独自叹息。,2.如何理解诗人称孩童为“盗贼”？,群童抱茅只是顽皮而已，然而诗人却将孩童称为“盗贼”，还感到“欺”，是为了表达自己因“老无力”而受到欺负的无奈、愤懑心情，并不是真的给抱茅草的孩童冠以“盗贼”的罪名。,俄顷：漠漠：向昏黑：衾：恶卧：雨脚如麻：丧乱：何由彻：,抒情：表现出诗人既盼雨停又盼天亮的迫切心情。,一会儿。,俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑。布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻！,阴沉迷蒙的样子。,渐渐黑下来。,被子。,睡相不好。,形容雨点不间断，像下垂的麻线一样密集。,战乱，指安史之乱。,如何挨到天亮。,写屋漏床湿，长夜无眠，令人愁苦。,一会儿风停了，天空中乌云像墨一样黑，深秋天空阴沉迷蒙渐渐黑下来了。布被盖了多年，又冷又硬，像铁板似的。孩子睡觉姿势不好，把被子蹬破了。一下雨屋顶漏水，屋内没有一点儿干燥的地方，房顶的雨水像麻线一样不停地往下漏。自从安史之乱之后，我睡眠的时间很少，长夜漫漫，屋漏床湿，怎能挨到天亮。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.为什么要写“布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂”？,这两句诗相对于“茅屋为秋风所破”这一题材，以及“安得广厦千万间”这一主题而言，似乎有些游离，其实，诗人的用意是为下文写屋破漏雨蓄势，营造一种雪上加霜的凄苦氛围；同时又从一个具体的角度写出了生活的艰辛。,4.诗人为何长夜难眠？“长夜沾湿何由彻”一句体现了诗人怎样的情怀？,从眼前的处境想到安史之乱以来的种种痛苦经历，从风雨飘摇中的茅屋联想到战乱频繁、残破不堪的国家，然后又回到现实，忧国忧民，加上“长夜沾湿”，怎能入睡呢？,“何由彻”与前面的“未断绝”照应，表现了诗人盼雨停，又盼天亮的迫切心情。同时，“长夜沾湿何由彻”还有更深层的含义，诗人从眼前景想到过去事，再想到未来，自己、国家都在风雨飘摇中挣扎。,安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜！风雨不动安如山。呜呼！何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！,表现了诗人舍己为人、至死不悔的决心及其博大的胸襟和崇高的思想。,安得：广厦：庇：寒士：呜呼：突兀：见：吾：,哪里能得到。,宽敞的大屋。,遮盖，掩护。,高耸的样子。,通“现”，出现。,写诗人推己及人、忧国忧民的崇高思想,贫寒的士人。,书面感叹词，表叹息。,我。,如何能得到千万间宽敞高大的房子，普遍地庇覆天下间贫寒的读书人，让他们开颜欢笑，房子在风雨中也不为所动，安稳得像是山一样？唉！什么时候眼前出现这样高耸的房屋，到那时即使我的茅屋被秋风所吹破，我自己受冻而死也心甘情愿！,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,5.“安得安如山”三句句式有何特点？表现了诗人怎样的情怀？,三个句式，前后用七字句，中间用九字句，句句蝉联而下，“广厦”“千万间”“大庇”“天下”“欢颜”“安如山”等，读来铿锵有力，果断坚决，准确地表现了诗人从“床头屋漏无干处”“长夜沾湿何由彻”的痛苦体验中迸发出来的无奈的呐喊和深切的期盼。这里，诗人跳出个人的圈子，表现了对天下寒士的无限关怀。,怎么看待杜甫“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜”的这种情怀？,这首诗描绘了秋风破屋，长夜沾湿的情景，反映了战乱中诗人的痛苦生活，表现了他对人民的同情，同时也表现了诗人推己及人、舍己为人的高尚品德和忧国忧民的祟情怀。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,茅屋为秋风所破歌,叙事写实,饱览民生疾苦体察人间冷暖,抒发情怀,秋风破屋，卷走茅草群童戏谑，诗人叹息屋漏床湿，彻夜难眠,推己及人，忧国忧民博大胸怀，崇高理想,卖炭翁,白居易（772846），字乐天，号香山居士，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。,白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。有白氏长庆集传世，代表诗作有长恨歌卖炭翁琵琶行等。,本诗选自白居易集卷四（中华书局1979年版）。本诗是白居易新乐府组诗中的第三十二首，自注云：“卖炭翁，苦宫市也。”白居易写作新乐府是在元和（唐宪宗年号，806820）初年，这正是宫市为害最深的时候。他对宫市十分的了解，又对人民有深切的同情，所以才能写出这首感人至深的卖炭翁来。,皇宫所需的物品，本来由官吏采买。中唐时期，宦官专权，横行无忌，连这种采购权也抓了过去，常有数十百人分布在长安东西两市及热闹街坊，以低价强购货物，甚至不给分文，还勒索“进奉”的“门户钱”及“脚价钱”。名为“宫市”，实际是一种公开的掠夺。诗人有感于此，写下本诗。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,卖炭翁，伐薪烧炭南山中。满面尘灰烟火色，两鬓苍苍十指黑。卖炭得钱何所营？,卖炭翁,白居易,砍伐。,烟熏色的脸。此处突出卖炭翁的辛劳。,灰白。,得到。,做什么用。谋求，需求。,有位卖炭的老翁，整年在南山里砍柴烧炭。他满脸灰尘，显出被烟熏火燎的颜色，两鬓头发灰白，十个手指也被炭烧得很黑。卖炭得到的钱用来干什么？,身上衣裳口中食。可怜身上衣正单，心忧炭贱愿天寒。夜来城外一尺雪，晓驾炭车辗冰辙。牛困人饥日已高，市南门外泥中歇。,使人怜悯。,希望。,天亮。,同“碾”，压。,车轮滚过地面碾出的痕迹。,困倦，疲乏。,城市中划定的集中进行交易的场所。唐代长安有东西两市，各有东西南北四门。,买身上穿的衣裳和嘴里吃的食物。可怜他身上只穿着单薄的衣服，心里却担心炭卖不出去，还希望天更寒冷。夜里城外下了一尺厚的大雪，清晨，老翁驾着炭车碾轧冰冻的车轮印往集市上赶去。牛累了，人饿了，但太阳已经升得很高了，他们就在集市南门外泥泞中歇息。,翩翩两骑来是谁？黄衣使者白衫儿。手把文书口称敕，回车叱牛牵向北。,轻快的样子。,骑马的人。,黄衣使者，指太监。白衫儿，指太监手下的爪牙。,指皇帝的命令。,吆喝。,长安城宫廷在北面，集市在南面。,拿。,那得意忘形的骑着两匹马的人是谁啊？是皇宫内的太监和太监的手下。太监手里拿着文书，嘴里却说是皇帝的命令，吆喝着牛朝皇宫拉去。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一车炭，千余斤，宫使驱将惜不得。半匹红纱一丈绫，系向牛头充炭直。,助词，用于动词之后。,吝惜不得。得，能够。惜，舍。,唐代商品交易，钱帛并用，但“半匹江纱一丈绫”远远低于一车炭的价值。,同“值”，价钱。,挂。,一车的炭，一千多斤，太监差役们硬是要赶着走，老翁是百般不舍，但又无可奈何。那些人把半匹红纱和一丈绫，朝牛头上一挂，就充当炭的价钱了。,1.从诗中哪里可以看出卖炭翁的炭来之不易？,复杂的工序、漫长的劳动过程、工作环境的恶劣,伐薪烧炭南山中。满面尘灰烟火色，两鬓苍苍十指黑。,伐薪烧炭南山中。,满面尘灰烟火色，两鬓苍苍十指黑。,脸：焦黄色鬓发：灰白十指：乌黑,形象地描绘出卖炭翁的生存状态：一是劳动的艰辛，一是年岁已老。,2.“衣正单”“愿天寒”“可怜”分别包含老翁和作者各自怎样的心理和情感？,“衣正单”，本该希望天暖，然而却“愿天寒”，只因为他把解决衣食问题的全部希望都寄托在“卖炭得钱”上。这两句写出了主人公艰难的处境和复杂矛盾的内心活动。“可怜”二字，倾注着诗人深深的同情，不平之感，自在不言之中。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.“晓驾炭车辗冰辙”中的“辗”字有什么表达效果？,“辗”字既写出了天气寒冷，已经结了冰，从而突出说明了卖炭翁的辛苦，又写出了牛车的重量，说明了卖炭翁的勤劳。,4.“牛困人饥日已高”写出了哪些内容？,作者不写雪地赶车行走的整个过程，只用七个字，就把路远、车重、雪厚、人苦全部托出。至此，作者笔墨暂时收住，木炭能不能卖出，是老翁悬心的事，也是读者迫切想知道的结果。,5.“翩翩两骑来是谁”中的“翩翩”一词表现了宫使怎样的形象？,“翩翩”，轻快的样子。这里表现了宫使得意忘形，骄横无理的样子，与卖炭翁为生活操劳的凄惨形象形成了鲜明的对比，揭露了唐代“宫市”的罪恶。,6.“把”“称”“叱”“牵”几个动词有何深意？,形象地描绘出宫使如狼似虎般的蛮横。“文书”，是行政机构间互相往来的平行公文。按理，小太监手里是不会有这种公文的，更不用说是“敕”，也就是皇帝的文书了。这里有讽刺之意，将宫使狐假虎威、巧取豪夺的情形活灵活现地表现了出来。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1、卖炭翁一诗中多处运用了对比，请分别找出，并说说各自的作用。,“一车炭，千余斤”与“半匹红纱一丈绫”对比，写出了宫使掠夺的残酷；“牛困人饥”与“翩翩两骑”对比，反衬出劳动者与统治者境遇的悬殊：劳动者的艰辛，宫使的得意忘形、骄横无理；“衣正单”与“愿天寒”对比，写出卖炭翁买衣食的迫切心情及艰难处境。,2、我们知道，白居易主张“歌诗合为事而作”，同学们想想看，诗人通过卖炭翁的故事想反映什么样的社会现实？我们今天应该怎样做？,诗人塑造了卖炭翁这个典型形象，概括了唐代劳动人民的辛酸和悲苦，揭露了宫市的弊端以及带给劳动人民的不幸，揭露了当时社会的黑暗，同时也表现出作者对下层劳动人民的深切同情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,卖炭翁,老翁,老翁艰辛官吏蛮横,宫使,烧炭艰辛运炭艰难炭被掠夺,夺炭仗势凌人（肖像、动作描写）蛮横冷酷,肖像、心理、动作描写,观刈麦【白居易】田家少闲月，五月人倍忙。夜来南风起，小麦覆陇黄。妇姑荷箪食，童稚携壶浆。相随饷田去，丁壮在南冈。足蒸暑土气，背灼炎天光。力尽不知热，但惜夏日长。复有贫妇人，抱子在其旁。右手秉遗穗，左臂悬敝筐。听其相顾言，闻者为悲伤。家田输税尽，拾此充饥肠。今我何功德，曾不事农桑。吏禄三百石，岁晏有余粮。念此私自愧，尽日不能忘。,观刈麦,课后习题参考答案,一、茅屋为秋风所破歌分为四节，试概括每节的内容，并说说其中蕴含着诗人怎样的思想感情。,参考答案：第一节：写秋风怒吼，吹飞屋上茅草，表现出痛惜之情；,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第二节：写村童偷茅而去，表现出焦灼而又无可奈何的情绪；第三节：写秋雨漏屋，生活简陋，表现出自我反思、自我哀怜的情感；第四节：写广厦存寒士的人生理想，坦露出不顾己身、“大庇天下”的广阔无私的胸怀。,二、卖炭翁讲述了一个什么故事？揭露了怎样的社会现实？,参考答案：卖炭翁讲述了一个宦官及其爪牙强夺百姓财物的故事：卖炭老人含辛茹苦烧出来的一车炭，被宦官及其爪牙以极低的价钱夺走。这揭露了当时宦官假借“宫市”之名强取豪夺民间财物的社会现实。,更多教学资源微信jxzy888666,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,三、两首诗中都有不少精彩的描写，如茅屋为秋风所破歌中对恶劣天气和生活环境的描写，卖炭翁中对卖炭老人肖像、心理、动作的描写。试结合具体诗句做简要分析。,“八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅”“风怒号”以拟人化的手法，写出秋风声势之盛；“卷我屋上三重茅”写出狂风威力之大。这些描写，动态十足、惊心动魄。,“俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑”写风定云起、天色昏暗的情景，给人以压抑之感；不言大雨，而大雨迫至。,“满面尘灰烟火色，两鬓苍苍十指黑。”这一肖像描写，把卖炭老人灰尘满面、十指熏黑的形象刻画得极为生动传神。两鬓花白与“十指黑”的对比，见出年高与劳苦，让人为之心酸。,“布衾多年冷似铁雨脚如麻未断绝”写被子破烂冰冷、屋漏湿冷，透出一个“寒”字，令人悲悯；又以“娇儿恶卧”映衬其间，更觉苦寒不堪。,“心忧炭贱愿天寒”，这是对卖炭老人心里活动的描写，身上衣单与“愿天寒”形成不合情理的鲜明对比，“心忧炭贱”又使之完全可以理解，读之催人泪下。,“晓驾炭车辗冰辙”，这一动作描写，写出卖炭老人早起驾车、踏雪辗冰的艰辛，画面感颇强，读之如在眼前。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成