高级英语第一册unit.ppt

13级英语专升本1班,陈跃娟,I have to declare the decision of His Majestys Government and I feel sure it is a decision in which the great Dominions will in due course concurfor we must speak out now at once,without a days delay.in due course 到一定的时候，没过多久1.I shall answer your letter in due course.在适当的时候，我会给你回信的。2.You will understand in due course.到时候你自然明白。concurknk:(r)vi.同意；互助；同时发生；共同作用(with sb)(in sth),(with sth)(formal)to agree 同意；eg:1.Historians have concurred with each other in this view.历史学家在这个观点上已取得一致意见。2.Wealth and happiness do not always concur.财富与幸福并非总是并存的。,Paraphrase：现在我必须宣布大英帝国政府的决定，我确信伟大的自治领地在适当时候会一致同意这个决定。然而我们必须立即宣布这项决定，一天也不能耽搁。,I have to make the declaration,but can you doubt what our policy will be?We have but one aim and one single,irrevocable purpose.We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime.From this nothing will turn us nothing.irrevocablerevkbladj.that cant be changed 不可撤销的，不可改变的eg:1.His life was set on an irrevocable course.他的生活道路不可改变。2.He said the decision was irrevocable.他说这项决定是不可改变的。vestigevestdn.(C)a small part of sth.that still exists after the rest of it has stopped existing 遗迹，痕迹；退化的器官；残余部分；毫不1.Theres not a vestige of truth in the witnesss statement.这个证人的证词没有一丝一毫的真实性。2.No vestige of a change appeared.没有一点改变。,regime rei:mn.(C)(1)政体，政权制度（2）社会制度（3）养生之道，养生法（4）饮食起居制度eg:Under the old regime women could not vote.在旧政权体制之下妇女无选举权。Paraphrase:我必须发表这项声明，难道你们会怀疑我们的政策吗？我们只有一个目标，一个唯一的，不可改变的目标，那就是一定要消灭希特勒和纳粹政权的一切痕迹。什么也不能使我们改变这个决定。什么也不能！,We will never parley,we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.parley p:lv.to discuss sth.with sb.in order to solve a disagreement（与敌方的）谈判，会谈gang(informal)a group of friends who meet regularly 一伙（经常聚在一起的朋友）eg:1.He double-crossed the rest of the gang and disappeared with all the money.他骗了其他同伙，携款潜逃了。,criminal gang members and drug dealers 犯罪集团成员和毒品贩子The whole gang will be there.大伙儿都将在那儿。eg:The general held a parley with the enemy about exchanging prisoners.将军与敌人谈判交换战俘事宜。Paraphrase：我们绝不妥协；我们决不同希特勒或他的任何党羽谈判。,We shall fight him by land,we shall fight him by sea,we shall fight him in the air,until,with Gods help,we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people from his yoke.liberate lbret vt.解放；释放；释出，放出 eg:They did their best to liberate slaves.他们尽最大能力去解放奴隶。yokejukn.轭，架，座，偏转线圈；奴役，羁绊，束缚，统治；（同一轭上牛的）一对牲口；上衣抵肩vt.结合；给上轭；结合，联结；使成配偶eg:the yoke of imperialism 帝国主义的枷锁 People are still suffering under the yoke of slavery.人们仍然生活在奴隶制的枷锁之下。,Paraphrase:我们将在陆地上同他战斗；我们将在海洋上与他战斗；我们将在天空中同他战斗，甚至借上帝之力，在地球上清除他的阴影，并把地球上的人民从他的枷锁中解救出来。三个排比句气势恢宏，显示了丘吉尔打败纳粹的坚强决心。后面两个暗喻，将希特勒的影响比作阴影，纳粹的压迫比作牛轭，恰当而生动。,Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe That is our policy and that is our declaration.Nazidom n:tsidm,nt-n.（亦作n-）纳粹政权纳粹思想和制度foe n.敌人，仇敌eg:a foe to health 危害健康的东西opponent和competitor,enemy,foe,rival,adversary的区别：这些名词均有“对手，敌手”的意思。opponent:最常用词，通常指在争论、辩论、竞选或竞赛以及其它各种矛盾冲突中站在对立面的“对手”或“敌手”。competitor:指为同一目标或目的竞争者，一般无感情色彩。rival:指与某人目标一致而想赶上或超过他的人，匹敌者。adversary、enemy与 foe的区别：adversary dvsr n.对手，敌手；与之竞争或对抗的人enemy:多指充满敌意的仇敌。仇敌，敌军，除了名词，也可以做形容词foe:语气较强，多用于书面文字和诗歌中。指不仅敌对，而且很危险，怀有很深的敌意。eg：someones foe is their enemy 这里可以表示 enemy这个词是可以包括foe的意思的，只可以作为名词，常用 friend or foe,Paraphrase:我们将援助任何一个纳粹主义作战的人或国家。我们将敌视任何一个助纣为虐的人或国家这就是我们的政策，这就是我们的宣言。,.It follows therefore that we shall give whatever help we can to Russia and the Russian people.因此，我们将尽力援助苏联和苏联人民。,We shall appeal to all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it,as we shall faithfully and steadfastly to the end.appealpi:l n.上诉；体育诉请；呼吁；（迫切的）要求（帮助、同情等）恳求vi.（迫切）要求；有吸引力；求助（于）；提请注意 vt.将移交上级法院审理eg:(1).to lodge an appeal 提出上诉(2)I appeal to all like-minded people to support me.我呼吁所有志同道合的人来支持我。vt.&vi.（使）联盟，（使）同盟；（使）结盟，（使）联姻,allyla n.同盟国，同盟者；助手，支持者；协约国；联盟.a close ally and friend of the prime minister 首相的一个亲密盟友和伙伴。2.In that war England was not an ally;she was neutral.在那场战争中，英国不同任何一国结盟，保持中立。,steadfastly stedf:stl adv.踏实地，不变地；岿然；坚定不渝eg:1.So he sat,with a steadfastly vacant gaze,pausing in his work.他就像这样坐着，停止了工作，直勾勾地瞪着眼。2.I looked steadfastly at him,and perceived that this eyes looked dull and glazed.我凝视着他，发现他的眼睛看去晦暗呆滞。,coursek(r)s n.科目；进程；课程；方针(also course of action)C a way of acting in or dealing with a particular situation 行动方式；处理方法(1)There are various courses open to us.我们有多种处理方法可采取。(2)The wisest course would be to say nothing.最明智的对策是缄口不语。我们将呼吁世界各地的朋友和盟友与我们同心协力，忠贞不渝地斗争到底,“This is no class war,but a war in which the whole British Empire and Commomwealth of Nations is engaged,without distinction of race,creed,or party.creed kri:d n.(C)信念，信条，信仰eg:people of all races,colours and creeds 各种种族、肤色和宗教信仰的人eg:(1)What is his political creed?他的政治信仰是什么？(2)They hold no religious creed.他们没有任何宗教信仰。,Paraphrase：这绝不是阶级战争。这是一场大英帝国和英联邦，不分种族，不分信仰，不分党派，共同参与的战争。定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法：介词在从句末尾可提到先行词之后，关系代词之前。,On the contrary,we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny.We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.fortify f:tfa vt.加固，加强eg:Good eating habits help to fortify the body against disease.良好的饮食习惯有助于强身防病。rescuereskju:vt.营救，救援，使免遭损失；法律 非法劫回 n.营救，救援；营救救援行动eg：Rescue teams are using thermal imaging to locate survivors of the earthquake.救援队伍正利用热成像确定地震幸存者的位置。,tyranny trn.(U,C)暴政，专制a victim of oppression and tyranny压迫和暴政的受害者Paraphrase：恰恰相反，我们将会更加坚定、勇敢地为将人类从他的暴政下解救出来而奋斗，我们将加强自己的决心和力量，绝不退缩。,It is not for me to speak of the action of the United States,But this I will say:if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon（决意，决心）his doom,he is woefully mistaken.divergence dav:dns n.(U)difference,as of opinion 分叉；分歧；背离；离题 A minimal error or deviation may result in wide divergence.失之毫厘，谬以千里,slackeningslknv.（使）松弛(slacken的现在分词)；（使某物）放慢；松懈下来；变迟缓eg:1.Wang replied without slackening his pace.王三毛一边回答，一边只顾走。2.Indeed,its idea was slackening in New England by the early eighteenth century.其实，到了十八世纪初，控制新英格兰的这种思想已有所减弱。3.Hitler must have noticed that the discipline in his entourage.(ntur:.n.随从；周围环境)was also slackening.希特勒必定注意到，他的幕僚们的纪律也松弛了。,woefully wfl adv.Regrettable or deplorably 忧愁地，可怜地eg:(1)We are still woefully ignorant of the causes of this disease.不幸的是，我们仍对这种疾病的致病原因一无所知。(2)Their own techniques was at this time woefully imperfect.当时，他们本身的技术也低得可怜。Paraphrase：如果希特勒认为他对苏联的进攻会稍稍转移那些一心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家的目标或者使他们斗志松懈的话，那么他就大错特错了。,Metaphor(暗喻）:A metaphor is an imaginative way of describing something by referring to something else which is the same in a particular way.For example,if you want to say that someone is very shy and frightened of things,you might say that they are a mouse.We shall fight him by land,we shall fight him by sea,we shall fight him in the air,until,with Gods help,we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people from his yoke.,Repetition（重复）:The act or process or an instance of repeating or being repeated.We have but one aim and one single,irrevocable purpose.We will never parley,we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foeThat is our policy and that is our declaration.We shall appeal to all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it,as we shall faithfully and steadfastly,Parallelism（排比）:Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words,phrases,or clauses We shall fight him by land,we shall fight him by sea,we shall fight him in the air,until,with Gods help,we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people from his yoke.On the contrary,we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny.We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.,Periodic Sentences（圆周句）:a complex sentence in which the main clause comes last and is preceded by the subordinate clause.（指主要意义至句尾才明白的句子）if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom,he is woefully mistaken.Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.,Rhetorical Questions（反问）：a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered.,but can you doubt what our policy will be?(P80),Inversion(倒装）:the reversal of the normal order of words.From this nothing will turn us nothing.,But this I will say:if Hitler imagines that his attack on,Thank you!,