过去分词用作定语和表语.ppt

Grammar:The Past Participle used as Attribute and Predictive,过去分词用作定语和表语,Outline of grammar,1.定语,单个过去分词作定语过去分词短语作定语,现在分词不定式被动式,2.过去分词,做定语的区别,3.表语,什么是表语,过去分词和现在分词作表语的区别,过去分词在句中的成分：,1.Chen wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China.,2.Leading to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.,Used as Attribute（定语）,Used as Predictive（表语）,1过去分词作定语(Attribute),1.The injured man was taken to hospital.,=(who got injured),2.The speaker answered all the questions raised by the audience.,=(that were raised by the audience),在句中的位置:,单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面;过去分词短语作定语，放在所修饰的名词后面,功能上：,就相当与一个定语从句,.过去分词和现在分词作定语的区别：,an inspiring speech the inspired audience,令人鼓舞的演讲受鼓舞的观众,语态上：现在分词表主动，常解释成“使人令人的”及物动词过去分词表被动，常解释成“受感到的”,the falling leaves the fallen leaves,落叶（正在下落的）落叶（已经落到地上的）,时态上：现在分词表示动作正在进行或是经常性的动作；过去分词表示已经完成的动作,The woman selling vegetables has gone.,不定式的被动态作定语：,A reporter begins by contacting the people to be interviewed.,=(who is to be interviewed),3.过去分词作表语,The inner gate was locked.The lecture was so great that they were all excited.,The story is very interesting.What a surprising result!,主语的状态,主语的性质或特征,-ing作表语与-ed作表语的区别:现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质/特征，意为“令人怎样”exciting moving amusing frightening relaxing shocking terrifying tiring encouraging过去分词作表语，说明主语所处的状态，意为“对.或受到怎样”有被动的意思excited moved amused frightenedrelaxed shocked terrified tired encouraged,过去分词作其它成分：,1.He didnt notice his wallet stolen.2.Although defeated many times,they continued to fight.,作宾语补足语作状语,过去分词作宾补：,I was sleeping when I heard my name called.,1.feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等表示感官动词后接过去分词作宾补，表示“感受到某人或某事被”,Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.,2.get,have,make,keep 等动词后接过去分词作宾补，表示“致使某人或某事被”,过去分词做宾补，表示被动或者已完成的含义，有时两者皆有分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,过去分词作状语：,Asked why he didnt do it,he began to cry.,=(when he was asked),注：1.过去分词可以在句中作很多种状语，这个时候就相当于相应的状语从句 2,过去分词与句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,