英语语法-反意疑问句.ppt

反意疑问句,一、反意疑问句的基本形式和用法1.陈述句部分有系动词be、助动词、情态动词，疑问部分要重复这些动词He is the best student in our class,isnt he?They havent known the news,have they?You can win the game,cant you?They wont attend the party tomorrow,will they?He didnt attend the meeting,did he?,2.陈述句部分没有be、助动词和情态动词，反意疑问部分要用助动词You attended the party last week,didnt you?Those old people often take part in various activities,dont they?Mary often goes to school by bus,doesnt she?3.陈述句部分与反意疑问句部分主语不一致1）陈述句部分以代词one作主语，疑问部分的主语在正式场合用one，在非正式场合用youOne cant be too careful,can one(或can you)?One should do his duty,shouldnt he?,2)陈述句部分的主语有this/that/everything/something/nothing等代词，疑问部分的主语用it;如果主语部分有these/those，疑问部分主语用they。Nothing happened,didnt it?That is wonderful,isnt it?These books will become rubbish if you dont make use of them,wont they?3)陈述部分的主语是everyone/someone/anyone/no one等不定代词，反意疑问句的主语用they,也可用he.Everybody was present at the meeting,were they?,4)当动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语作陈述句部分的主语时，反意疑问句的主语通常用itTo get rid of a bad habit is not easy,is it?Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health,hasnt it?5)陈述句部分是there be句型时，反意疑问句部分的主语也用there,而不用人称代词作主语There are some difficulties in your work,arent there?There is something wrong with you,isnt there?,4.陈述句与反意疑问句中动词的变化形式1）陈述句部分的主语是I am时，反意疑问句部分的结构式arent I?Im very keen on sports,arent I?2)谓语部分有would rather/had better/ought to/used to等助动词时，反意疑问句中的动词要依据所使用的助动词来确定You had better come tomorrow,hadnt you?You would rather not do it,would you?She used to live in London,usednt she/didnt she?I ought to complain,shouldnt I/oughtnt I?3)谓语为wish时，反意疑问句的谓语用may,前后两部分都用肯定式I wish to shake hands with you,may I?,5.陈述句部分带有情态动词must时的反意疑问句1）陈述句部分带有情态动词must表示“必须，应当”时，反意疑问句部分用mustnt。当陈述句部分的mustnt表示“禁止”讲时，疑问部分用must,也可用may.We must stay home,mustnt we?You mustnt walk on the grass,must you?2)陈述句部分的must表示“推测”，疑问部分不用must，而要根据must之后动词的含义使用相应的形式。You must have made the mistake,havent you?The student must be studying hard,isnt he?You must have seen the film last week,havent you?3)当陈述句部分的must表示“有必要”讲时，疑问部分用neednt,表示“不必要”。We must look over our test papers before we hand them in,neednt we?He must leave early because he isnt feeling well,neednt he?,6.陈述句部分带有have的反意疑问句1）当have作“有”讲时，既可用have的形式，也可用do的形式。如果陈述句部分用的是havent(hasnt),疑问部分就用have(has)形式。You have a new car,havent you/dont you?He hasnt any sisters,has he?She doesnt have any money in her pocket,does she?2)当have不表示“有”讲时，疑问部分只用do的适当形式You all have a good time,didnt you?You have you lunch at twelve oclock,dont you?They have to hand in their papers in a month,dont they?,7.need,dare在作情态动词和实义动词时的反意疑问句They neednt make such a loud noise,need they?You dont need to come if you feel sick,do you?He didnt dare to speak to her,did he?You dare not climb the mountain,dare you?8.反意疑问句的回答形式1）We were late,werent we?我们晚了，不是吗？Yes,we were.是的，我们晚了。No,we werent.不，我们没有晚。2)Your sister hasnt returned from Japan yet,has she?你妹妹还没有从日本回来，是吗？Yes,she has.不，她回来了。No,she hasnt.是的，她还没有回来。,二、其他结构中的反意疑问句的用法1.主从复合句中的反意疑问句1)若陈述句是主从复合句，反意疑问句一般应根据主句的谓语形式而定。They never said Tom would come,did they?他们从来没说汤姆要来，是不是？He thinks he will lose the game,doesnt he?他认为他会输掉这场比赛，是不是？2）陈述句部分是“I think/I suppose/I believe”时，反意疑问句则要重复从句的谓语I dont think they will come,will they?I suppose he can win the game,cant he?2.陈述句中有否定词（hardly/little/never/nothing/rarely/seldom）He seldom ask question in class,does he?Your brother hardly watches TV,does he?,3.祈使句中的反意疑问句1）在祈使句中，反意疑问句一般用“will you”.表示邀请、劝诱时，反意疑问句用“wont you”Pass me the tool,will you?Dont waste too much time on the thing,will you?2)当祈使句的宾语为us时，在“Lets”句型中，其反意疑问句应用“shall we”，在“let us”句型中，其反意疑问句应用“will you”Lets do exercises,shall we?Let us share,will you?4.感叹句后面的反意疑问句What an interesting story,isnt it?How fine a performance,isnt it?,