英语单项选择课件.ppt

2011高三英语总复习专项训练,单项选择题考前指导,高考总复习专项训练,命题方向,命题手段,应对策略,命题要点,命题方向:,着重考查考生对英语语言知识的识记,理解和运用能力.要求考生根据题干所给的语境进行分析,对比,灵活的运用英语基础知识.-2011年考试说明,连词、代词形容词、副词 介词搭配 惯用短语短语动词情态动词 动词语态句子结构 动词时态非谓语动词,命题要点:,高考单选陷阱,句子结构题,命题手段:,词汇应用题,语境分析题,命题特点:,(1)用问句、陈述句、倒装句使题干复杂，以避开考生熟悉的句子结构.(2)用从句、加插入语等分隔成分使句子结构复杂.用省略的方法使句子结构复杂.用被动句使句子结构复杂.用考生不太常见的句式使句子结构看起来有点陌生.,句子结构题,应对策略（一）:,高考中一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但为了增加试题的难度，命题者有意把题干复杂化，改成一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类选择题，考生可以反其道而行之，把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构。这样，题目就会变得简单，答案就会一目了然。具体来说，可采用以下几种方法。,（1）将疑问句、感叹句改成陈述句（2）将倒装句、强调句改成陈述句（3）将省略句还原为完整句（4）将复合句改成简单句（5）将被动句改为主动句,还原法,还原法：将疑问句、感叹句改成陈述句,分析：C。易选D。此句考查感叹句式。可先将此句还原为陈述句式：We had great difficulty_ her.由have difficulty(in)doing sth.知C项符合条件。,分析：A。易选D，考生依据常见搭配the reason why；处理此题首先应该将句子还原为正常语序，即：this is the reason_ at the meeting.。he explained前省略了一个that，that引导的是一个定语从句。,还原法：将倒装句、强调句改成陈述句,分析：D。句中的宾语从句是一个强调句式。将其转换为非强调句式:Mary thought that Jane did her_ to lend her the beautiful car.do sb a favor是习惯搭配,意为“帮某人一个忙”,由此可以确定D为正确答案,分析：A。本题考查倒装句式。先将其转换为正常语序：You will be able to keep fit and stay healthy only if you eat the correct foods.由于是对主句进行倒装，所以选A。,还原法：将省略句还原为完整句,省略句可用于简单句及复合句，如条件状语从句、时间状语从句等常用省略形式。解题时应根据语境逻辑需要将被省略的内容补齐，从而达到正确理解的目的。,例题：The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_ accompanied by an adult.A.once B.when C.if D.unless(2010 山东卷）,分析：正确答案为D。将从句补充完整应为：unless he is accompanied by,还原法：将复合句改为简单句,分析：C。该题考查名词性从句连接词的选用。插入语I thought可以舍去不看，at后面的宾语从句中缺少主语，因而填what。What在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语；D项that在名词性从句总不充当任何成分。,分析：D。先将此句改变为两个简单句:The managers discussed the plan.和They would like to see the plan_ the next year.这样我们就发现空白处应该用过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被动意义。,还原法：将被动句改为主动句,例题：The teacher said time should be made good use of _ our lessons well.A.learning B.learn C.to learn D.being learned,分析：C。考生易选A，受介词后接动名词短语形式影响。题干可以还原为：The teacher said we should make good use of time _ our lessons well.很明显空白处所填应表示目的。,应对策略（二）:,分析：正确答案A。本题关键词shipped在句中为非谓语动词（过去分词），若为谓语动词应为“were shipped”,因此后半句缺谓语无法构成句子，则不能选择连词which.,分析：正确答案C.本题后半句缺少主语，并且前半句为完整句，因此还要考虑到句子间的连接词，所以不能选择A项。,成分分析法,应对策略（三）:,标点符号在高考试题中占有一席之地，特别是在定语从句或分词作状语等的结构时。其中分号有并列连词的功能。高中阶段的并列连词有and,but,so for,or。看到并列连词说明两个句子是并列的，如果没有并列连词，就要考虑用从句，非谓语动词，独立主格结构等。破折号表示解释说明。,例题:The article has a few spelling mistakes;_,it is well-written.A.even though B.if so C.still D.but,分析：正确答案C。句子之间有分号，因此需要副词而非连词。,标点暗示法,语境分析题,命题特点:,利用上下文创设一个语境,字里行间隐含某些关键信息来命题。利用英汉两种语言在表达上的差异和英语口语中的习惯表达进行命题。,应对策略（一）:,例题1:The pretty woman didnt choose _ of the coats and wear away without looking at a third one.A.any B.both C.either D.all,例题2：My son is addicted to drugs.He isnt hopeless,is he?Yes,_ he mends his ways and starts all over.A.if B.when C.even if D.unless,分析：正确答案C。题眼为“a third one”,可知选择项为两项，另外注意部分和全部否定。,紧扣题眼,应对策略（二）:,排除母语、思维定势干扰,词汇应用题,命题特点:,利用惯用法和习惯用语命题,以及把意思相同或相近的词或词组放在一起进行考查。习语或固定搭配习语或固定搭配的确切含义句子的真实含义词语的意义和用法题干对词语的要求搭配承上替代,应对策略（一）:,固定搭配法,应对策略（二）:,例题1：As he has _ our patience,well not wait for him any longer.A.exhausted B.consumed C.wasted D torn,例题2：Id like to buy a house modern,comfortable,and _ in a quiet neighborhood.Ain all Babove all Cafter all Dat all,注意形近义近词（组）,需注意的几种名词辨析归纳,instructions,directions,introductions,explanations;sight,view,scene,scenery;strength,power,energy,force;state,condition,situation,occasion,case;way,method,approach,means;practice,manners,custom,habit;clothes,clothing,cloth,dress;surroundings,condition,environment,附录：,附录：需注意的几种动词辨析归纳,1)destroy,damage,ruin,2)hurt,wound,injure,harm;3)strike,hit,beat,knock；4)last,stay,remain,keep;5)fetch,take,bring,carry；6)turn,become,get,go,grow,come,run,fall;7)separate,divide,part；8)happen,occur,take place,come about,break out9)divide,separate,part;10)interrupt,disturb,bother;11)beat,defeat,win;12)treat,cure,heal;,附录：需注意的几种介词和短语辨析归纳,1)besides,except,except for,except that/when/what apart from,other than,as well as,in addition to2)because of,due to,owing to,thanks to;3)more than,more than,no more than；no more than,not more than；not more than,other than,rather than；,训练题,1.Not until they left school _ how much their teachers loved them and helped them.A.they realized B.had they realized C.they would realize D.did they realize2.After _ for 69 days in a mine about 2,041 feet below the surface of a desert,the 33 Chilean miners were finally saxed on Oct,14,2010.A.trapping B.trapped C.being trapped D.having trapped3.My bike _ missing.I saw a tall man rode a red bike away five minutes ago.A.went B.had gone C.has gone D.will go 4.What a pity!All his property,the books,the pictures and the house,_ consumed by the big fire.A.were B.was C.had been D.have been 5.May I try this jacket on?_,but I think it will be too small for you.A.As you like B.Believe it or not C.As a result D.By all means,6.Misunderstandings _ from lack of social communication,unless _ properly,may lead to serious problems.A.arisen;handling B.arising;handled C.rising;handled D.risen;handling7._ it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies,it doesnt need to be the only goal.A.When B.As C.While D.Before8.Before leaving,travellers are often _ to bring their ID cards.A.demanded B.reminded C.allowed D.hoped9.I really _ thank you enough.Its been an amazing day.A.neednt B.should C.must D.cant10.David got a higher grade in the final exam,for,you see,he made _ mistakes.A.few B.fewer C.little D.less,总结,方法:1.结构还原法 2.标点暗示法3.成分分析法 4.关键信息法5.情景交际法 6.固定搭配法7.形近义近词识记法,思路：全面捕捉题干信息 把握好语言环境 切中句子意思 比较筛选各个选项,Thank You!,