考研英语翻译理论一之注意事项.ppt
考研英语翻译理论,第一节 熟悉英译汉的注意事项,1.对原文词义的理解，这涉及考生的词汇知识2.对原文结构的正确理解，这涉及考生的语法知识3.对内容正确理解，这要求考生具有较丰富的背景知识,还需注意以下几点：,一。译文符合汉语的习惯要想使译文符合汉语的习惯，就要在理解原文的基础上跳出原文。英译汉中一个普遍存在的问题是“死译”，即从词义到语序都太受原文的影响，因而显得不地道。,下面几个例子,A.the emphasis was helped by the speakers mouth,which was wide,thin,and hard set.译文1.说话人那又阔又薄有紧的嘴巴帮助他加强了语气。译文2.说话人的嘴巴又阔又薄，绷得紧紧的，更加强了他的语气。,B.what is wrong about being left-handed？译文一：译文二：,选择正确的词义,词在句子里才有意义，在大量的一词多义的英语中尤为如此。只有对上下文融会贯通才能正确判断词性词义，机械的按照字典中的解释是不行的。,以hard 为例说明的,A.he works hard.B.dont be hard on the child.C.it was a hard hit.D.these are hard words,but are brutally true.E.she was looking at me very hard.F.with so much investment,the chairman had a great many hard questions.,正确安排语序,汉语和英语的句子结构有很大差异1.英语多被动句，要尽量翻译成汉语的主动句Eg.A plan was needed to help him with his english studies.必须制定一个帮助他英语学习的计划。,2.英语复杂句和长难句较多，翻译成汉语时要把句子拆开，变成简单句和短句It was a real challenge that those who had learned from us excelled us.译文：？,过去向我们学的人，现在反而超过了我们，这对我们确实是个鞭策,3.英语的倒装句多翻译成汉语的正常语序Little did I know what was the meaning of war.译文：？,4.英语多后置定语，而汉语多前置。I shall never forget the man who helped me.译文：？,（5）要注意英汉状语顺序的区别。英语的状语顺序为：方式状语+地点状语+时间状语；而汉语的语序为：时间状语+地点状语+方式状语,题目链接：directions:Intelligence at the best is an assumptive construct-the meaning of the world has never been clear.(1).there is more agreement on the kinds of behavior refered to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.,译文：人们对智力这个词所指的不同表现意见比较一致，而对这些表现如何解释或分类则有不同的看法。,（2）.To criticise it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticising a thermometer for not mearsuring wind velocity.,译文：批评智力测试不能反映上述情况，就如同批评温度计不能测风速一样。,（3）now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides“valid”or“faire”comparison.,译文：既然对智力的评估是比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能提供 有效或公平的 比较,（4）the first two must be equal for all who being compared,if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.,译文：如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，那么对所以被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是一样的。,（5）On the whole such a conclusion can be dawn with a certain degree of confidence,but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared,and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.,just try to translate this sentence,
