形容词副词的用法.ppt
,形容词和副词,定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.Your coat is too small.The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.有些形容词只能作表语，alone,afraid,asleep 等。Dont wake the sleeping baby up.He is asleep.The old man is alone.,形容词的用法考点,1.形容词用来修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。：Youd better tell us something interesting.The police found nothing strange in the room.2.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词 2）数词 3）性质 4）大小 5）形状 6）表示老少，新旧 7）颜色 8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。His grandpa still lives in this small short house.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.,3.形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人种等)。The young should take good care of the old.4.形容词短语做定语时要后置。They are the students easy to teach.We live in a house much larger than yours.5.else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。Did you see anybody else?,三以-ly结尾的形容词 1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。Her singing was lovely.He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。The Times is a weekly paper.The Times is published weekly.,副词,定义:副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。副词的位置:1）在实义动词之前。2）在be动词、助动词之后。,3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。a.大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.b.方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。He speaks English well.他英语说得好。,三.副词的排列顺序：,1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。例如：Please write slowly and carefully.请写得慢一些，仔细一些 3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。改错：（错）I very like English.（对）I like English very much.注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。I dont know him well enough.There is enough food for everyone to eat.,四.兼有两种形式的副词,1）close与closely close意思是近；closely 意思是仔细地。例如：He is sitting close to me.他就坐在我边上。Watch him closely.盯着他。2）late 与lately late意思是晚；lately 意思是最近。例如：You have come too late.你来得太晚了。What have you been doing lately?近来好吗？3）deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地。例如：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。4）high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。例如：The plane was flying high.这架飞机飞得很高。I think highly of your opinion.你的看法很有道理。,四.兼有两种形式的副词,5）wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”。He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.6）free与freely free的意思是“免费”；freely 的意思是“无限制地”。You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.,英语中副词通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。1.副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如：He runs slowly.2.时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如：They went to the park yesterday morning.I heard him sing English songs over there.3.有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。如：Yesterday I got up late.,五各种类型副词的位置,五各种类型副词的位置,4.频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前He is seldom ill.You must always remember this.I often write to my parents.5.有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。如：Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.,五各种类型副词的位置,6.程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如：I nearly missed the bus.7.否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如：She seldom goes out at night.I am never late for school.8.疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如：When can you come?还有what，how，why，how many等词,五各种类型副词的位置,9.同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。如：The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late,wide,well,fast,easy,early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.Open your mouth wide.,一 形容词变副词的规律,一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如：careful-carefully以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如：true-truly辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如：angry-angrily单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如：shy-shyly以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如：terrible-terribly形容词、副词同形：hard,fast,friendly,late,early,lovely,long。这部分请同学们注意，其中很多单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如：hardly就变成“几乎不”的意思，是小学阶段五大隐形否定词（few，little,never,seldom,hardly）之一。,三 形容词和副词的比较级,比较级的结构：结构上比较级有三个明显的标志。than：一般用than连接两个比较的部分。Tom runs faster than Mike.在than的句式中有需要特别注意：Im taller than any other students in my class.a little,much,a lot,even,still：可用来专门修饰比较级。Lisa was sick yesterday,while today she is much better.as+形容词或副词原形+as：译为像一样。Mary is as clever as Susan.Mary。另外，两个比较级连用表示“越来越”的意思。Days get longer and longer in Spring.白天在春天越来越长了,
