大学英语泛读第九单元.ppt

Unit 9,Introducing the British,Background Information,1.Geography:The British Isles are situated in the northwest of Europe.They are cut off from the continent by the English Channel.On the north and the east the Isles face the North Sea and on the west they face the Atlantic Ocean.The United Kingdom is that part of the British Isles ruled over by the Queen.,It consists of Scotland,Wales and England,and also about one-sixth of Ireland(the Northern part).The rest of Ireland is self-governing.The full title of the U.K.is therefore“The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.”Its total area is 244,110 square kilometers,making it one of the countries with the longest coastline.There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain:England,Scotland and Wales.,England,the largest and most populous section,is in the southern part of Great Britain.Scotland is In the north part and its capital is Edinburgh.Wales is in the west of Great Britain with Cardiff as its capital.Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the U.K.with Belfast as its capital.The Greater London is the capital of the U.K.,which lies in southeastEngland.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.It was founded in 1931,and has 50 member countries until 1991.,Population:,The population of the U.K.is about 60 million,of which the majority(94%)consists of the English(80%),the Welsh,the Scottish and the Irish.In addition,there are Indians,West Indians,Pakistanies,Africans,Bangladeshis,Chinese,and Arabs.English is the official language,but not all of the British people speak it.,In Wales many people speak Welsh(about one in four);in Scotland about 80,000 people in the Highlands possess their own Gaelic language.In such places,only when the national anthem is being sung can we hear“God Save the Queen”in English.The population is unevenly distributed with about 90%living in urban areas.,The Church of England(or Anglican Church)has the largest number of adherents of any religion in Great Britain,accounting for 48 percent of the population,and most of its members reside in England.The second largest religion,numerically,is Roman Catholicism(16%),whose members reside throughout the kingdom.Other religious include protestantism,Islam,Judaism,Hinduism,and Sikhism.,Further Information on Text-Related Details,East End(伦敦东区)：,a section of eastern London north of the Thames River.It was long a densely populated working-class and immigrant area centered around the docks and warehouse,although most of the Victorian-build slums described by Charles Dickens and Henry Mayhew were wiped out by bombing raids during World War II.,the River Thames(泰晤士河)：,a river of southern England flowing about 338 km,eastward to a wide estuary on the North Sea.Navigable for large ships as far as London,it is the principal commercial waterway of the country.In its upper course above Oxford it is often called Isis.,West End(伦敦西区):,the western section of central London,England,noted for its fashionable districts and its shops and theaters,such as Mayfair（梅费尔高级住宅区）and Hyde Part（海德公园）.,Sheffield(设菲尔得)：,a borough of north-central England east of Manchester.The highly industrialized city has long specialized in the production of culery and steel.,Difficult Points of the Text,1.However,a visitor to Royal Row would be deceived by first appearance.(L.10)What impressions will Royal Row give a visitor at the first glance?And why does the author say one would be deceived by the first appearance?,A visitor to Royal Row might think people living there are very poor due to the poor conditions the houses are in.Actually they are not so poor.Inside the houses it is usually very comfortable,and people living there enjoy quite a happy life.Their children are well dressed and well fed.Many families have new cars.,2.if we build too many of them,Londonll soon join up with Scotland!(L.33)What is implied by this sentence?,The sentence implies that there isnt enough land in London to build council houses.,3.You mean youd rather stay in this place?(L.37)What does the speaker want to convey by emphasizing the word“this”?,The speaker says it in an emphatic tone to make known his opinion.He thinks those houses are not comfortable for people to live in and is quite surprised to learn that there are people who prefer them to new flats.,4.and theyre always breaking down.Theyre filthy,too.(L.42)What does“they refer to here?,“They”refers to the lifts in the new block of flats.,5.Jim keeps himself to himself.(L.61)Paraphrase this sentence.,Jim often stays alone.(or:Jim makes little contact with other people.),6.That lot!They ought to be locked up.(L.67)What does the word“lot”mean here?,“Lot”here means“a group of people who have many things in common”.Here“that lot”refers to Rob Milligan and his gang.,7.she has long been critical of the attitude of male employers towards women workers.(L.131)What kind of attitude do male employers hold towards women workers?,The have strong discrimination against women workers.,8.but the word suburban has come to suggest something else.(L.188)What else has the word come to suggest?,The word has come to suggest a state of mind,an attitude towards life,similar with bourgeois.It later suggests conservatism,narrow-mindedness,unintellectualness and snobbishness.,9.they“float”between the parties instead of“swimming”with one party.(L.210)What does this part of the sentence mean?,It means that they dont vote for the same party in all the elections.They dont stick with one party.Their votes go to the party whose policy they believe to be goods.,10.its not easy when you live buried in the country,as I do.(L.231)What does“it”refer to?,“It”refers to what he says in the previous sentence,that is,mixing with young people.The sentence means that since I live in the countryside,isolated from the outside world,it is hard for me to have contacts with young people.,11.Sir Eric and his friends enjoy shooting during the season.(L.237)What season does the underlined part refer to?,It refers to the hunting season when it is legal to shoot pheasants.,12.He is an open air man with few intellectual interests.(L.240)What does the sentence mean?,He loves outdoor activities and is not quite interested in academic researches or studies.,13.“That was different,”Sir Eric interrupted.(L.263)What does“that”refer to?,“That”refers to Sir Erics experience of violent rebellion when he was young.That is,he and his friends once smashed up a hotel and were told never to go back there.,14.Often it isnt what they say so much as how they say it.(L.286)Paraphrase the sentence.,Often it is not what they say but the way they say it that makes me disagree with them.,15.Jeremy did not answer.(L.345)Why didnt Jeremy give an answer?,It was because he was unable to give a reasonable answer.He could not contradict Pennys accusation in any way.,16.Well,my boyfriend wont like it,but(L.360)What does“it”refer to?Complete the sentence.,“It”refers to the bosss request that she stay on and work overtime.The whole sentence should be:Well,my boyfriend wont like it,but I will stay on.,17.In fact,youve got your feet firmly planted in mid-air!(L.456)What does she mean by saying“getting your feet firmly planted in mid-air”?Why does she say so?,She means“You are not practical or sensible.”She thinks Jeremys political ideas will never be put into practice because there are too few Liberal MPs for them to form a government.,18.Elizabeth hopes to have a family one day(L.467)What does the word“family”mean here?,“Family”here means“children”.,19.Yes,but there arent nearly enough of them.(L.475)What does“them”refer to?,“Them”refers to places where mothers can leave their babies safe while they are at work.,Key to Multiple-Choice Questions,1.C 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.B,Suggested Versions of Translation Exercise,1.这是他的反叛方式，是他与他并不怎么喜欢的家庭断绝关系的第一步。,在这个国家，代沟并没有因教育差异而造成的隔阂严重。,3.刊登广告招工做那些通常只给男人干的工作的雇主们现在必须将他们的广告写作“招聘/女工”，或“招工”。,4.隔开两个花园的栅栏是边界线。伊安朝栅栏另一边看的时候，有时会羡慕不已，有时又会洋洋自得。,5.他受不了左翼知识分子或是今天的有些年轻人。他认为这些年轻人“希望有人用勺子喂他们，而且害怕干哪怕一点点老老实实的工作，或是流一点点汗水”。,VI Key to Text-Related Questions,1.Gareth does not have a good relationship with his brother Jim.For the last year he has had to do his scholarship work in a small dark room,surrounded by the oily parts of Jims motorbike and deafened by the noise of a transistor radio.Gareth is found of his father Gwyn.Though Gwyn is proud of Garreth,he is more concerned with his work than with what Gareth is doing.Gareths mother is very proud of him but always treats him like a small boy.So Gareth finds it hard to put up with her and sometimes has to run out of the house for fear of exploding and hurting her feelings.,2.The suburban building style is really a mixture of styles,including at one extreme,very modern,low,box-like buildings with lots of glass,and at the other,imitations and variations of architecture of past centuries.Suburban people work in towns and are for the most part comfortably off.They are sometimes accused of being conservative,conventional,narrow-minded,unintellectual and snobbish.,3.A terraced house is more convenient for people to live in and the rent is lower.But it occupies more space.A skyscraper is less convenient and the rent is higher.Sometimes the lifts may break down or become filthy.But it can provide more room in a limited space.It also offers a better view of scenery in a certain distance.In a terraced house people can make friends with their neighbors.But in a skyscraper usually people do not talk to each other even if they live on the same floor.,4.Worker participation means that workers should have a share in making decisions which affect their working conditions.Representatives from the factory workshops have the right to participate in the operation of the business.Competent workers have the chance to become one of the management.,5.Northerners have the reputation of being blunt,but they are also warm-hearted and hospitable.They also have a heart-felt passion for their homeland.Southerners are regarded as snobbish and unfriendly.,