同位语从句的翻译方法.ppt

同位语、同位语从句的翻译方法,同位语从句是由连词that引导的，用来说明它前面的某个词,连词that在从句中，既没有词义，又不充当任何句子成份，只起连接作用。,同位语从句常常用来补充说明fact,idea,news,hope,thought,doubt,theory,conclusion,question,problem,probability,certainty,evidence等词的具体含义。,一、译成独立句,把同位语从句译成一个独立的句子，并在其前加：即、冒号、破折号等该方法适合于较长的同位语从句,In 1905 Einstein worked out a theory that matter and energy were not completely different things.,1905年，爱因斯坦提出了一项理论：物质和能并不是完全不同的东西。,二、译成独立句,The fact that plastics do not rust at all is shown in this example,这个例子说明了塑料完全不生锈的事实。,三、转换译法,被同位语所说明的本位语，若是包含着有动作意义的词，如：,discovery,suggestion,hope,assurance,knowledge,一般可把这类词转译为动词，而将同位语从句译为汉语的主谓词组，作该动词的宾语。,He expressed the hope that he could do the experiment again.,他希望他能重做那项试验。,Such observations as these lead to the discovery that there can be rapid corrosion when a metal is nonhomogeneous and when it is in contact with water in which some gaseous,liquid or solid substance is dissolved.,像这样的一些观察使人们发现，当金属是非均质金属时，而且当金属与含有某种气体、液体或固体物质的水接触时，金属可能很快生锈。,单词或词组作同位语的翻译方法,一、照译,通常用破折号、逗号、冒号或or,namely,such as等方式引出,There are two main types of plants:flowering plants and non-flowering plants.,植物主要有两种类型：显花植物和隐花植物。,二、倒译,翻译说明身份、城市特征的同位语,Have you ever been to Shanghai,the biggest city in China?,你到过中国最大的城市上海吗？,三、省译,如果同位语是本位语的别名，在汉语中，两者的译名又是相同时,Increased rate of reaction,in the presence of a catalyst,is called catalysis,or catalytic action.,在有催化剂时，反应速度的加快叫做催化作用,In processing,or refining,petroleum,the several fractions are separated from each other.,在提炼石油的过程中，各种馏分彼此分开。,