句子成分与词根词缀.ppt

Whats the smallestgrammaticaly语法的 unitin alanguage?,1,Whats a language?Whats a language made of?,词素morhpeme,词素：最小的语法和语义单位radicals in Chinese characters江、湖、河、海米、迷、眯、糜词根root:单词的根本部分；前缀prefix 后缀suffix：单词的构件词=（前缀prefix）+词根root+（后缀suffix）,2,3,词素morhpeme,词素：最小的语法和语义单位词根:单词的根本部分；前缀 后缀：单词的构件词=（前缀prefix）+词根root+（后缀suffix）,4,词素morpheme词word,单词wordvisiblevisittelevisionLogdialogue前缀dia(相对)+logapologize前缀apo(分开)+log+动词后缀izeprologue前缀pro(向前)Cludeinclude前缀in(入、内)+cludeexclude前缀ex(外)+cludeconclude前缀con强调,5,vis+后缀ible(可的),前缀tele(远)+vis+名词后缀ion,6,词素morpheme词word,词word,名词 noun-ation-ment-al-ness-ity-ism-ist动词 vt/vi-ify-ize-en形容词 adjective-y-ish-some-ous副词 adverb-ly:loudly介词 preposition:in on over under from for,7,8,G 1supervise super-上面 vis-看supervisor 监督人nsupervision 监督nsupervisory 监督的aG 2protect pro-前 tect-掩盖protector nprotective a protection nprotectionism 保护主义ndetect de-去除 detection 察觉ndetective 侦探n,9,G 3MovableChangeable 易变、可变的Useable 可使用的Producible 可生产的 Flexible 灵活的Lovable 可爱的G 4Internet inter-互相 之间International 国际的 aInteraction 互动 交互nInterview 面试 v n,G 5Transform trans-超过 变化transplant 移植 n/vtransport 交通n/vport-拿 运import 进口 n/v export 出口n/vdeport 驱逐vportable 便携的a G6Subwaysubsonic 亚音速的asubmarine 海面下的a 潜艇n,Tony is an _ student;first in the class.(excellent)Ellen is very _ on teachers and students;unable to do things on her own.(dependent)Frankie is very _;a member of many different clubs.(active)Ann is very _;hates to lose at games.(competitive)Sally is a very _ student;popular with students and teachers.(likeable)Take this message to the principal,and hurry.Its very _.(urgent)This experiment might be dangerous,so please wear _ glasses when you do it.(protective)This mild shampoo is _ for babies.(suitable)The books you need for your project are all _ from the library.(obtainable),11,Whats a language?Whats a language made of?,12,词组phrase,名词词组Noun Phrase 前置修饰语+名词（中心词）+后置修饰语我的小伙伴们 my little buddies中心词the tall handsome rich boy sitting there动词词组Verb Phrase动词为中心It is getting dark.I have no fishihed my homework by now.介词词组 Preposition Phrase 介词为中心They followed close behind me.I have not laid my hand on any books since this July.副词词组Adverb Phrase副词为中心Be a man.Dont act so lowly.He lives far from here.,13,Sentence Elements句子成分,14,主谓宾SVO,我和我的小伙伴们都惊呆了S主 V谓,15,双宾语O+IO,Objective宾语 and indirect objective间接宾语Our experts can give you advice.S主语(NP)V谓语(VP)IO间接宾语 O宾语Our experts can give adivice to you.Give sb sth/bring sb sth,16,The guests have arrived.The guests S主 have arrived V谓.My brother has become an engineer.My brother S主 has become V谓 an engineer O宾.Smoking cigarettes causes trouble.Smoking cigarettes S主 causes V谓 trouble O宾.,17,状语Adverbial,性质：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。位置：状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。Be a man.Dont act so lowly.时间状语when,while,as,before,after,till/until,since地点状语where原因状语because,since,as,for目的状语so that,in order that,lest,in case方式状语as,as if/though结果状语so/suchthatso that条件状语if,unless,in case,as long as让步状语,18,状语Adverbial,条件 让步 原因 时间 位置 He lives in London.Summer vacation usually starts from July.The boy was praised表扬 for his bravery勇敢.If I am not busy tomorrow,I will play football with you.Although we have grown up,our parents treat对待 us as children.,19,条件,让步,原因,时间,位置,定语Attribute,性质：在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。位置：名词词组 前置修饰语+名词（中心词）+后置修饰语,20,定语Attribute,我的小伙伴们 my little buddies中心词用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。The little boy there needs a blue pen.SV OEnglish is a language easy to learn but difficult to master.English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master.,21,补语compliment,用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作City air is dirty and polluted.S(NP)VCompliment补This will make your hair soft and shiny.SV(VP)O(NP)Compliment补,22,I（n）love（v）you（n）主NP谓VP 宾NP,23,定,状A,状A,状A,定,Traffic becomes a social problem in big cities.He is successful because he is very lucky.Students from 29 local schools and universities will also give a concert on August 21.,Have a try,理想与现实的距离就是我与你之间的距离The distance between dream and reality is that between you and me.理想与现实的距离就是 我与你之间的距离Subject V Objective（NP:定语+n）（NP:定语+n）The distance between dream and reality is that between you and me.,24,Have a try,骑白马的（人）不一定是王子，他可能是唐僧。The man riding a horse might not be a prince;he can be XuanZang.骑白马的（人）不一定是王子，他可能是唐僧。S V O(n)S(n)V O(n)（NP:定语+n）The man riding a horse might not be a prince;he can be XuanZang.,25,Have a try,当你想不通的时候，想一下自己是在中国会让一切豁然开朗了When you get confused,the fact that you live in china will make everything clear.当你想不通的时候，想一下自己是在中国 会让 一切 豁然开朗了 A状语S主语从句 V谓语 O宾语 C补语When you get confused,the fact that you live in China will make everything clear.,26,朋友掏出了爱疯 主谓宾S V O(NP)我朋友掏出了他昨天刚从南京路专卖店买的爱疯S(NP)V O(NP)主谓定宾我朋友从口袋里掏出了他昨天刚从南京路专卖店买的爱疯 SAV O(NP)定主状谓定宾,27,Put the following phrases in the right order,朋友 从口袋里 掏出了 他昨天从南京路专卖店买的爱疯out of his pocket An iPhonehe bought at Apple Store A friend of mine at Nanjing RD yesterdaypullA friend of mine pull an iPhone【he bought at apple store at NJ RD】out of his pocket.,28,从句,29,He complained抱怨 that what he said was not true.He complained that what he said was not true.S主 V谓 O宾（clause宾语从句）what he said was not tureS 主V谓C补,I（n）love（v）you（n）主NP谓VP 宾NP,定,状A,状A,状A,定,长句从句,The study研究,conducted by Fashion Health magazine,polled(民调vt)69,000 people nationwide,of whom more than 90 percent said they felt lonely living in big cities.(25 words),30,长句从句,The study,conducted by Fashion Health magazine,polled(民调vt)69,000 people nationwide,of whom more than 90 percent said they felt lonely living in big cities.,定语从句 31,S 主语 定语（修饰study）V谓语,O宾语(被访者),N V,N,