人教版中考考前语法专练精讲(专题11非谓语动词).ppt
语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,中考考点1动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语的用法。2动名词的用法。3现在分词和过去分词的用法。,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,考点一动词不定式 动词不定式的构成：to动词原形。它没有人称和数的变化。1作主语常用it作形式主语、将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。To ask the teacher for help is necessary.It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.向老师求教是必要的。2作宾语(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有：want,try,decide,hope,need,wish,agree,expect,refuse,learn，remember,forget,would like/love等。如：,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,I hope _ there before dark.我希望天黑以前到那儿。(2)在think,find,make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式移至形容词之后，构成“主语动词it(形式宾语)宾补(形容词/名词)不定式”结构。如：I found it difficult to solve the problem.我发现解决这个问题很难。3作宾语补足语(1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：tell，ask，allow，want，help，wish，teach，warn，invite，like，encourage等。如：,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,to get,The teacher told us _ Exercise 1.老师要我们做练习一。(2)在使役动词let，make，have和感官动词see，hear,watch,notice,feel,find等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上to。如：We often hear her sing.我们经常听见她唱歌。被动语态：She is often heard to sing.4作状语Later he left home to work in different cities.后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,to do,5作定语(须后置)I dont have a partner to practice English with.我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。6作表语Their duty is _ the animals.他们的职责是照看动物。7.“疑问词不定式”结构动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。如：,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,to look after,He doesnt know _.他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语)Where to go has not been decided.要去哪里还未决定。(作主语)提醒 动词不定式的否定结构是：not to do sth。,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,what to wear,考点二动名词 1作主语Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。2作宾语常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有：enjoy,finish,consider,miss,keep,mind,practice,suggest,be busy,feel like,give up,cant help等。Have you finished _ the book?你读完这本书了吗？,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,reading,3作表语The nurses job is _ the patients.护士的工作是护理病人。4作定语I often go to the _.我经常去阅览室。提醒 有些词既可接不定式又可接v.ing形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有：(1)stop to do sth停下来去做另外一件事(不定式作目的状语),语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,looking after,reading room,stop doing sth停止做某事(v.ing作宾语)(2)try to do sth 试图(企图)做某事 try doing sth尝试着做某事(3)forget to do sth忘记要去做某事(还没做)forget doing sth忘记做过了某事(已做)(4)remember to do sth记着要去做某事(还没做)remember doing sth记得做过了某事(已做)(5)go on to do sth做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事go on doing sth继续做原来所做的同一件事(6)need doing(某事)需要做(被动意思)need to do 需要去做某事(主动意思),语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,考点三 分词分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词v.ing，有主动、进行之意；过去分词v.ed，有被动、完成之意。1作定语China is a _ country.America is a _ country.中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达国家。I know the boy called Li Ming.我认识那个叫李明的男孩。2作表语The book is interesting.Im interested in it.这本书很有趣。我对它感兴趣。,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,developing,developed,3作宾语补足语I saw her going upstairs.我看见她正在上楼。I want to have some photos taken.我想拍几张照片。4作状语Laughing and talking,they went into the room.他们有说有笑地走进了房间。Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,考点过关用所给词的适当形式填空1Its very nice of you _(help)me.2Hes interested in _(play)chess.3Please stop _(smoke).Its bad for you.4The kids had fun _(swim)in the water.5She didnt know which sweater _(choose)6We decided _(visit)the Great Wall.7Id like you _(go)shopping with me.8Why not _(join)an English club to practice _(speak)English?,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,to help,playing,smoking,swimming,to choose,to visit,to go,join,speaking,9As we all know,its impolite to keep others _(wait)for a long time.10My computer doesnt work.I must have it _(repair)11They spent two hours _(clean)the classroom.12John used to _(get)up late,but now hes used to _(get)up early.,语法互动(十一)非谓语动词,waiting,repaired,cleaning,get,getting,
