中考英语定语从句专题复习.ppt

1.This is the gentleman who helped me out of the trouble.,2.The building which stands near the river is our school.,3.Do you know the boy whose bicycle was broken just now?,4.The farm(that)we visited last Sunday was located in the suburbs of Beijing.,定语从句,定语从句：修饰名词或代词对其启到限定作用的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系代词以及关系副词（when/where/why),1.The boy _ we saw yesterday was Johns brother.,2.Do you know the name of the hotel _ windows we can see here?,3.Is she the girl _ sells newspapers?,Who&that,下列情况中只能使用who,1 当先行词是one,ones,anyone或those,Anyone who does that must be mad.Those who dare to break the law will be punished.,2 用在there be 结构中 先行词做表语,There is a young man who wants to see you.,3 为避免重复或引起歧义,The man that spoke at the meeting is our headmaster who has just come from Shanghai.,4 先行词是 I,you,he,they等,He who plays with fire gets burned.,5 先行词是指成员的集合名词,The family,who lives upstairs,are fond of music.,7 用在非限制性定语从句中指人,LiuXiang,who quited in Beijing Olympics,is still regarded as a hero in china.,That&which,下列情况中只能使用 that,1 先行词是everything,anything等不定代词或是all,much,few,little以及被其修饰,Everything that can be done has been done.There are few books we can read.,2 先行词被the only,the very,the last,the very及序数词修饰,This is the only food that I can find for you.His composition was the second one that was handed in.,3 先行词被形容词或副词的最高级修饰时,This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.,4 先行词人物共存时,They talked for half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.,5 先行词在从句中做表语,China is not the country that it used to be,6 先行词为数词时,He brought two cats yesterday.Now I can see the two that are playing in the garden.,7 为避免重复,He build up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.,8 先行词为 what时,What that is on the table belongs to me.,通常使用whch的情况,1 当关系代词之后有插入语时,He made another wonderful discovery,which I think is of great importance to science.,2在谚语中常采用that which的用法,That which is evil is soon learned.,3 先行词是指物的that或those时,He has found that which he has been looking for.,*which的特殊用法*,1.指代整个主句或主句的部分,John said hed been working in the office for an hour,which was true.,2.限定作用但前必须有介词,He lost his temper,at which point I decided to go home.His son insisted on joining the army,in which case he had to give in.,Whose的用法,指人或物，表示所属关系,I dont want to hire the boy whose father is now in prison.Look at the house whose roof is red.,In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30,by which time many people have got home.,Whose+N=N+of which,The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.,The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired.,The house of which the roof was damaged has now been repaired.,名词前定冠词,介词+关系代词,Prep+which/whom,The chair on which she is sitting is made of plastics.,The woman to whom you talked just now is a famous singer.,*Your speech was heard by a group of five judges,all of whom agreed tht it was the best one this year.*I called him by the wrong name,for which mistake I should apologize.,刚才与我们校长谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师,1The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.,2 The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.,3The man who our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.,4The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.,5The man our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.,特殊的关系代词,1.as,(1)As 引导限制性定语从句,用在固定搭配asas,soas,suchas,the same as.,You may take as many books as you want.I have got such a computer as yours.This is the same bicycle as I have lost.,This is the same bicycle that I have lost,*The same as.表示它的内容与先行词所讲的事物是一类，而the same that 是同一个*,（2）as引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句或主句的部分内容,As we all know,light travels faster than sound.Taiwan,as you know,is an inseparable part of china.,Which&as 的区别,Smoking is harmful to ones health,as is known to us all.It was raining heavily last night,which prevented me from going to the party.,As 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句的任何位置，而which只能放在主句句末As引导的非限制性定语句经常翻译成“正如”而which翻译成“这一点”As 在从句中做主语时，谓语动词一般为Be 而which不用,but,用在否定结构相当于who/thatnot,In China there is no one but knows XiaoShenyang.There is no rule but has exceptions,关系副词引导的定语从句,I will never forget the days when I was in Cannda.The company where he is working is one of the biggest in the cityThe reason why he was late today is traffic jam.,In/on which,In/at which,for which,1Never will I forget the days _ we spent together in our middle school.2This is the factory _ my father visited yesterday.3Is this factory _ my father visited yesterday?4Was this the reason _ he explained to us for his being late?,先行词在从句中做何种成分决定使用那个关系词,Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A.where B.which C.while D.why,当先行词为case,situation,stage,activity,等表示隐含地点的词语时，关系词使用where,定语从句中的主谓一致,The mp4 that _ been given to me is home-made.(have)I,who _ your classmate,will share the work with you.(be),关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。,【注意】,He is one of the students who _ made great progress.Mr Wang is the only one of my friends who _ been invited to have dinner with us.(have),one of+复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有 the（only）the（just）the（very）修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式,限制性定语从句&非限制性定语从句,Those who want to go to the cinema please put up your hands.Dr.Brown,who lives next door,comes from America.,区别:限制性定语从句对先行词起限定区分作用，省略意思不完整不清楚。非限制性定语从句对先行词起进一步的说明或描述，省略意思完整修饰专有名词只能使用非限制性定语从句表示唯一性,