非人称转述结构.ppt

：（非人称转述结构）,加拉帕戈斯象龟是现存体型最大的陆龟。,体长1.2 米，成年象龟雄性比雌性大，成年雄性体重约272-320千克，而雌性136-180千克。寿命估计可达200岁。头大，颈长。,2023/8/29,检查预习作业翻译下列词组1.lonesome 2.male 3.celebrity 4.be associated with 5.giant 6.tortoise7.fame come to George 8.gene 9.generation10.decline 11.nevertheless 12.effect13.goat 14.livelihood 15.threat16.ecological blance 17.tanker 18.leak19.litre 20.is expected to21.breed22.acknowledge 23.extinction,非人称转述结构,一、概述 当转述人们的一般认识或说的话时，常用这样的结构：Itbe过去分词that从句其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。常用于这一结构的动词有：predict,say,know,believe,think,claim(声称),suppose(认为,猜想),fear(恐怕,担忧)等，这一结构称为非人称转述结构。,二、用法(1)“It be过去分词that从句”可以变为“People动词that从句”和“Sb./Sth.be过去分词不定式”两种形式。例：人们说乔治会把他的基因传给新一代。It is said that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.People say that George will pass on his genes to a new generation.George is said to pass on his genes to a new generation.,非人称转述结构,非人称转述结构,(2009全国卷)It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to(具备)speak.A.said B.to say C.saying D.being said 解析：选A。考查固定句式。句式It is often said that.表示“据说；人们常说”。It为形式主语，指代that从句。句意：人们常说，人天生具有语言能力。,非人称转述结构,用不定式结构应注意以下两点：1)主谓一致 污染被认为是一个非常严重的问题。It is thought that pollution is a very serious problem.Pollution is thought to be a very serious problem.据说海豚是非常友好的动物。It is said that dolphins are very friendly animals.Dolphins are said to be very friendly animals.,非人称转述结构,2)不定式的时态(1)如果转述的动作发生于转述的同一时间/还未发生，用不定式的一般式(to do)。据说他是这家公司的经理。It is said that he is the manager of the company.He is said to be the manager of the company.他们恐怕会放弃。It was feared that they would give up.They were feared to give up.,非人称转述结构,(2)如果转述的动作此时正在发生，用不定式的进行时(to be doing)。据报道警察正在调查(look into)这起案件。It is reported that the police are looking into this case.The police are reported to be looking into this case.,非人称转述结构,(3)如果转述的动作发生在转述之前，则用不定式的完成式(to have done)。人们猜想那架飞机被劫持(hijack)了。It is supposed that the plane was hijacked.The plane is supposed to have been hijacked.人们知道那个小偷已经被逮捕了。It is known that the thief has been arrested.The thief is known to have been arrested.,非人称转述结构,(2007辽宁)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of(看见)Liu Xiang,who was reported _ the world record(破世界纪录)in the 110meter hurdle race.Abreaking Bhaving broken Cto have broken Dto break 解析：选C。此题考查了sb.is reported to do结构。break这个动作发生在report之前，故用完成时态。,非人称转述结构,总结：非人称转述结构的不定式用法 dosb./sth.be said to have done,reported/thought/believed/known.,be doing,同时/未发生 正在发生 在转述之前,非人称转述结构,注意：若转述的动词是suggest,order,require,demand等单词，从句需用(should)do形式。e.g.人们已经建议必须立即采取措施。(take measures)It is suggested that measures _ at once.,(should)be taken,非人称转述结构小练,1.The message is very important,so it is supposed _ as soon as possible.(08陕西)A.to be sent B.to send C.being sentD.sending2.AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.(06湖北)A.that it is B.to be C.that it has been D.to have been,A,D,past,非人称转述结构小练,3.At the end of the meeting,it was announced that an agreement _.(江苏2007)A.has been reached B.had been reached C.has reached D.had reached reach an agreement:达成协议4.It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education.(辽宁2006)A.were being designed B.have designed C.have been designed D.were designed,B,D,“设计”这一动作在过去已结束,非人称转述结构小练,5.It was ordered that all the soldiers _ to the front.A.should send B.must be sent C.be sent D.must go6._ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.(上海 2005)A.What is required B.What requiresC.It is required D.It requires,C,C,(,),What is required is that,非人称转述结构小练,7.Leonardo Da Vinci(1452-1519)_ birds kept in cages(关在笼中的鸟)in order to have the pleasure of setting them free(释放).A.is said to be buying B.is said to have bought C.had said to buy D.has said to have bought8.-Is Bob still performing?-Im afraid not.He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official.(05江苏)A.to have left B.to leave C.to have been leftD.to be left,B,A,(在转述之前已经离开舞台),非人称转述结构小练,9.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to studyC.to be studying D.to have been studying比较:Robert is said_abroad,but I dont know what country hestudiesin.10.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.(06山东)A.have been missingB.have got lost C.be missingD.get lost,A,studied,studies,C,A,(出国留学发生在转述之前),转述时仍身处国外,“迷路”,瞬间动作,不可持续,