英语阅读理解-推断题.ppt

,Reading Comprehension,How to deal withquestions of inference,阅读推理判断题,推断题分类,1.问题形式:It can be inferred from the text that.From the text we know that is most likely.When the writer talks about,what the writer really means is.The writer suggests that.The story implies/indicates that.We can infer/concludefrom the passage that.这类题干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate(暗示)等标志性词语。,一、如何推断隐含意义,2.技巧点拨:（1）针对细节推断(2)针对主题思想,一、如何推断隐含意义,推理判断,借助常识,1.Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall?Did it sound like a clock?If so,it may have been made by a beetle.Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die.Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle.It can be inferred from the text that the sound of this beetle _.A.pleased people.B.surprised people.C.frightened people.D.excited people.,Practica1,2.It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach.Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it.If you dont turn it back over,all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die.The passage implies that rocks _.hurt sea animals protect sea animalsC.wont be found on beaches D.cant be found on beaches,Practice2,The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment,it was _.A.very clean B.just cleaned by the landlord C.tidy and comfortable D.dirty and full of insects,One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shopassistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozenroaches（蟑螂）and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do youneed these things for?”the shop assistant was verysurprised.“Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out ofmy apartment and the landlord insists that I should leavethe house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”,Practice 3,5.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Mary feels pity for herself.B.Mary has recovered from her disease.C.Mary wants to help others as much as possible.DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.,Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forcedher to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto selfpity.“Everybody on earth can ask，whyme？about something or other，”she insists.“It doesntdo any good.No one is immune(免疫的)to heartachepain，and disappointments.Sometimes we can makethings better by helping others.Ive come to realize theimportance of that as Ive grown up this second time.Iwant to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”,高考链接-2010湖南卷,4,What can we infer from the last sentence of the text?A.Happiness comes from peaceful life in the countryB.Health is more important than moneyC.The harmony between man and nature is important D.Good old days will never be forgotten,Then the people realized what was happening.It was thefrog.They hadnt been useless.They had been doing animportant job-eating insects.Now with so many frogskilled,the insects were increasing more rapidly.They weredamaging the crops and spreading diseases.Now,the peaple are still poor.But in the evenings they sitin the village square and listen to sounds of insects andfrogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deepermeaning.,高考链接-2010辽宁卷,5,topic sentence,Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age;today only two exist.The wood bison is the larger of the two,and is now found mostly in western Canada.Better known in the United States is the Plains bison,or buffalo.At one time,herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West.The author implies that several types of bison_.A.live outside the United States and Canada B.are well adapted to swampy terrain C.existed before the Ice Age D.have been killed or have died out,3.,not mentioned,二、如何推断作者观点和态度：,1.问题形式:The writers attitude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.,2.技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。,Brainstorming,说明文中作者的态度:objective neutral在议论文中，有：(1)positive(2)negative(3)neutral(4)approval(5)disapproval(6)indifferent(7)ironic(8)critical(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic(11)cautious(12)admiring,客观的,消极的,漠不关心的,赞成的,不赞成的,乐观的,悲观的,中立的,积极的,讽刺的,批评的,中立的,Notes,谨慎的,崇拜的,What is the authors attitude towards the moderntechnology?A.Critical B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Negative.,There was a time when some peoples lives were devotedsimply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.No multi-tasking there;their lives went on at a muchgentler pace,and in a familiar pattern.There is much thatwe might envy about a way of life like this.Yet before wedo so,we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced;they farmed with bare hands,often lived close to hunger,and had to fashion tools from wood and stone.Modernmachinery has freed people from that primitive existence.,高考链接-2010江西卷,6,5.Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder,bribery(行贿)，and death.Frankly，Im sick of all this bad news.This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A.complain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform,6.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy,not cryingholding back tears of anger,pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical health.Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure,heart problems and some other illnesses.If you have a health problem,doctors will certainly not ask you to cry.But when you feel like crying,dont fight it.Its a naturaland healthyemotional response.According to the author,which of the following statements is true?A.Crying is the best way to get help from others.B.Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.C.We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.D.We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.,8.Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder,bribery(行贿)，and death.Frankly，Im sick of all this bad news.This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A.complain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform,解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪（对坏新闻厌恶透了），故应选A。,三、如何推断写作目的,1.Question forms:(1)考查整篇文章的写作目的A.The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B.What is the purpose of writing this article?C.In writing the passage,the author intends to _.(2)考查某处细节的写作意图A.The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B.The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C.are mentioned in the first paragraph to _.,Brainstorming,To introduce sth,To sell a product or service,To arract readers attention,To attract readers to pay fora trip to some attraction,To call on,To resist sth,To amuse readers,To argue against and support ones own idea,The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.A.test the readers knowledge about waves B.draw the readers attention to the topic C.show Jamie Taylors importance D.invite the readers to answer them,“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it liftedup by a wave?Or have you jumped in the waterand felt the rush of energy as waves came overyou?”asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave EnergyGroup at the University of Edinburgh.“There iscertainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.,高考链接-2010湖南卷,7,The Cost of Higher EducationMany people believe that higher education should be freebecause it is good for the economy(经济).Many graduatesclearly do contribute to national wealth,but so do all thebusinesses that invest(投资)and create jobs.If you believethat the government should pay for higher educationbecause graduates are economically productive,youshould also believe that the government should pay part ofbusiness costs.Anyone promising to create jobs shouldreceive a gift of capital from the government to invest.Therefore,it is the individual,not the government,whoshould pay for their university education.,高考链接-2010北京卷,The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to _.Aargue against free university education Bcall on them to finance students studies Cencourage graduates to go into business Dshow their contribution to higher education,8,1.Question forms:The passage is most likely to be taken from_.Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of _.,四、如何推断文章出处,Brainstorming,Dont wander aimlessly through life.Get confused onyour goals,start helping others in need,and live life to thefullest!Life is too short to be anything but happy.Visit myblog and find what youve been missing.Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven free ebooks,too!Read hundredsof articles while youre there in the article section,which isupdated daily.,Practice,This text must be taken from _A a radio program B.a websiteC.a newspaper D.a TV program,9,13.（全国卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine?Do you know what is meant by“Take only as directed?”Read the following directions and see if you understand them.To reduce pain,take two tablets(药片)with water,followed by one tablet every eight hours,as required.For night-time and early morning relief(缓解疼痛)take two tablets at bedtime.Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.For children six to twelve years old,give half the amount.For children under six years old,ask your doctors advice.Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.This text is most probably taken from a _.A.textbook B.newsreel C.doctors notebook D.bottle of medicine,2.解题技巧推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理，特别是最后两三句话。推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。,五推断上下文内容,Question forms:The next paragraph would most probably deal with _The paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss _.,15.When early humans hunted and gathered food,they were not in control of their environment.They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did.When humans learned to make fire,however,they became capable of altering their environment.To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees,causing the trees to die.Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon.This development led to farming and the domestication of animals.Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible.Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _.A.fire B.hunting C.farming D.urbanization,16.William,Shakespeare said,“The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(纱线),good and ill together.”The above brief review of the application of only one part of human activitiesscience seems to prove what Shakespeare said.But does it have to be so?Must the ill always go together with the good?Are we biologically programmed for war?What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?A.Further application of science to war.B.More reading of William Shakespear.C.Proper use of science in the new century.D.Effective ways to separate the good from the ill.,推断上下文内容,Consolidation,