英语诗歌的类型TypesofPoetry.ppt
1,Part II Types of poetry,I.Narrative poetry 叙事诗-telling a story-giving a verbal representation of a sequence of connected events and propels characters through a plot-narrator,2,1.Epic 史诗-recounting in a continuous narrative the life and action of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons-Homer:Iliad and Odyssey Virgil:Aeneid Dante:Divine Comedy Anglo-Saxon legend:Beowulf Milton:Paradise Lost,3,2.Ballad 歌谣-a narrative poem of folk song which tells a story in simple colloquial language,usually in four-line stanzas with the second and fourth lines rhymed-the border area between England and Scotland-the Middle ages-common people,oral tradition-traditional ballad:Robin Hood Ballads-literary ballad:Coleridge:The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,4,3.Romance 传奇-primarily medieval fiction in verse or prose dealing with adventures of chivalry and love-French origin-feudal system-Sir Gawain and the Green Knight-Le Morte dArthur,5,II.Lyric poetry 抒情诗,-taking its name from songs sung by individuals or a chorus accompanied by the lyre-possibly the oldest:the Song of Solomon and the Psalms-Francesco Petrarch Italian sonnet-love as the most important subject matter-different from narrative poems:,6,1.Sonnet 十四行诗-a fourteen-line poem,written in iambic pentameter(lines with ten syllables,with accents falling on every second syllable)-Petrarch in Italy-England:Thomas Wyatt,Henry Howard-Spenserian sonnet:-Shakespearean sonnet:abab,cdcd,efef,gg,7,2.Ode 颂诗-a form of lyric poem in which the poet highly celebrates a person,a thing or an event-length,stanza forms,style and purpose-Shelley:Ode to the West Wind Keats:Ode to Autumn,8,3.Song 歌-a short lyric poem intended to be set to music in either vocal performance or with accompaniment of musical instruments-Ben Jonson:Song:to Celia,9,4.Elegy 挽诗;挽歌;哀歌-elegiac(Greek and Roman)-written in couplets consisting of a hexameter line followed by a pentameter line-usually a reflective poem of lamentation or regret,with no set metrical form,generally of melancholy tone,often on death-Thomas Gray:Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,10,5.Dirge 挽歌-originally a religious service in honor of the dead-now any song of mourning,shorter and less formal than an elegy,and often represented as a text meant to be sung aloud-William Shakespeare:Full Fathom Five(from Act I,Scene II,The Tempest),11,6.Aubade 晨曲-a morning serenade(F.)-a poem about the coming of dawn,or a piece of music meant to be sung or played by a lover outdoors lamenting parting at daybreak-John Donn:The Sun Rising Robert Browning:Parting at Morning,12,7.Pastoral 田园诗-an artistic composition dealing with the life of shepherds or with a simple,rural existence-usually idealizing shepherds lives in order to create an image of peaceful and uncorrupted existence-describing the simplicity,charm and serenity attributed to country-placing kindly,rural people in nature-centered activities-William Wordsworth:Michael:A Pastoral Poem,13,III.Dramatic poetry 戏剧诗-any verse written for the stage-using the discourse of the characters involved to tell a story or portray a situation-presenting the voice of an imaginary character(or characters)speaking directly,without any additional narration by the author-dramatic monologue by Robert Browning:My Last Duchess,14,IV.Other types of poetry,1.Descriptive poetry-devoted to the portray of external objects or scenes-giving expression to the poets thoughts and feelings aroused by the various scenes and objects in the natural world-often didactic-William Wordsworth:Composed Upon Westminster Bridge,15,2.Reflective poetry-treating of reflections and thoughts of the author-expressing a mere reflection,or more serious thought-expounding human life,the relationships of man with the world by means of various methods of other types of poetry,16,3.Didactic poetry-to instruct or to persuade,to teach-Alexander Pope:An Essay on Criticism,17,4.Satirical poetry-exhibiting or examining human or individual vices,follies,abuses,or shortcomings-by means of ridicule,derision,burlesque,irony,or other methods to bring about improvement-Alexander Pope:The Rape of the Lock George Gordon Byron:Don Juan,18,5.nature poems love poems animal poems death poems friendship poems,
