英语表语从句讲解.ppt
什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,名词性从句 noun clause,主语从句subject clause,宾语从句object clause,表语从句predicative clause,同位语从句appositive clause,His story is interesting.What he said is interesting.I heard his story.I heard what he said.I listen to his story.I listen to what he said.This is his story.This is what he said.The idea of going there is good.The idea that we should go there is good.,名词性从句中的连接词连词:that/whether/as if(though);连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词:where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever,引导词,句型转换1.They are good doctors.He told us.2.He hadnt said anything at the meeting.The fact surprised us.,He told us that they were good doctors.,The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.,总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变成名词性从句用that引导。,3.Does your sister get up early?Do you know?4.Do animals have the same senses as humans?I often wonder.,Do you know if/whether your sister gets up early?,I often wonder if/whether animals have the same senses as humans.,总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。,5.When did he buy this new bike?Could you tell me?6.My question is this:where will the lecture be given?,Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?,My question is where the lecture will be given.,总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时，变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。,总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。所有名词性从句要有且仅有一个引导词，除宾语从句的that外其他均不能省略。其结构为引导词+陈述语序,Predicative Clauses 表语从句,表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。,连接词：that/whether/as if/as though连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：when/where/why/how/because,1.The question is whether we can rely on him.2.Thats because we were in need of money at that time.3.He looked as if he was going to cry.4.Thats why I was late.,引导词的用法（一）,that在表语从句中,又。The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness.The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.,既不充当成分 没有意义,whether在表语从句中表,但不充当句子的成分。if 引导表语从句.如:1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2.The question is whether it is worth doing.,“是否”,不能,引导词的用法（二）,what 在表语从句中充当_ 表示_.1.The question is what caused the accident.2.That mountain is no longer what it used to be.3.What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.,主语、宾语或表语,什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）,引导词的用法（三）,who 在表语从句中充当_表示_.The problem is who could do the work2.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.,主语、宾语或表语,谁,引导词的用法（四）,which 在引导表语从句时,常充当_ 表示。如：I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which(book)it is.,定语,表语,其中哪一个,引导词的用法（五）,由as if,as though引导表语从句，表示好像。句子中的系动词常用look,appear,seem等。It looks as if it was doing to rain.2.The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.,引导词的用法（六）,当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由_ 引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中.1.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.2.I was late.It/That/This was because I missed the train.,that来引导,because,It/That/This is/was because,引导词的用法（七）,当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有why,when,where,how等This is how he did it.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.Thats why weve given you the letter.,引导词的用法（八）,表语从句引导词注意事项,1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。4.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分,1.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.A.why B.what C.how D.that 2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when,名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句,主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,news,advice,feeling,suggestion,plan,trouble,question,problem,1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.,
