英语修辞转喻and提喻.ppt

1102 Group 4,转喻法(Metonymy)提喻法(Synecdoche),Contents,Introduction,Literal LanguageFigurative Language(Trope修辞，比喻)SimileMetaphorMetonymySynecdoche,Definition of Metonymy,Metonymy is a figure of speech has to do with the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another.转喻是在提及事物时不用其本身的名字称呼而是用与它密切相连的概念来替代它的一种 英语修辞格。它着重的是事物本身的特点或它与其他事 物之间的特殊关系,(1)以事物的特征代替事物、人本身。,(2)以工具代替动作或行为者,(3)以人或物代特征,(4)以事物活动的场所代替事物或活动者,(5)以某物的产地代替该物,(6)以作者或生产者代替作品或产品,(7)以容器代替其中内容,.。,用法,Metonymy 转喻,Metonymy(转喻）,Metonymy(转喻）,Metonymy(转喻）,Metonymy(转喻）,The White House(白宫)the President or Executive branch of the US governmentCapitol Hill(国会山)the legislative branch of the U.S.governmentWall Street(华尔街)U.S.Financial circles,Metonymy(转喻）,Metonymy(转喻）,Metonymy(转喻）,He is fond of the bottle.他喜欢喝酒。What dishes would you like?您要什么莱?The kettle is boiling.壶(水)开了。He is in his cups again.他又喝醉了。,Exercise,He set the room roaring with laughter.他使全屋子爆发出笑声。,The coat would be beyond his miserable pocket.他的钱少得可怜，买不起那件大衣。,Whenever my husband has a bad day at the office,he hits the bottle.每当我丈夫在办公室不顺心，他就喝得酩酊大醉。,Metonymy(转喻）,He lives by the pen.He is too fond of the bottleI found the patriot in him.Dont actplay the fool.Play the man!,Metonymy(转喻）,In the present instance,it was sickness and poverty together that she came to visit.(Jane Austen)It is a pity that there is more ignorance than knowledge in the country.,Metonymy(转喻）,He is the black sheep in the family.He has a yellow streak.He might be the dark horse in the swimming contest.,Synecdoche大体上可分为6类：以部分代全体以全体代部分以一种事物代替一类事物用一类事物代替一种事物用原材料代替其制品以个体代替一类,Synecdoche（提喻）,1、以部分代全体,They were short of hands at harvest time.,No eye saw him,but a second later every ear heard a gunshot.,The poor man had six mouths to feed,Synecdoche（提喻）,2、以全体代部分,England won the football game.,The birds sang to welcome the smiling year.,He has gained a footing in the musical world.,Synecdoche（提喻）,（3）以属代替种,Spring vanishes with the rose.,It will cost you a pretty penny,Synecdoche（提喻）,4）以种代替属,What a lovely creature!,Synecdoche（提喻）,（5）以具体代抽象,He earned his bread as a teacher.,The wolf and the pig mingled together in his face.,Synecdoche（提喻）,（6）以抽象代具体,All the wit and learning of the world were assembled there.,It was sickness and poverty together that she came to visit.,转喻（metonymy）与提喻(synecdoche)的比较,转喻（metonymy）与提喻(synecdoche)的比较,例5：He has an old head on young shoulders.他年轻而有见识。Head 是人体部位，前面加了形容词old后，产生一种联想意义，即“有见识的”；shoulders也是人体部位，前面加了形容词young 后，产生一种象征意义，即“年轻人”。该句没有用人体部位指代整体，而是用人体部位指代其特点，故修辞手法是转喻,Thanks,1102 Group4,