英语介词的正确使用方法.ppt
介词,（一）考查表示时间的介词in,on,at,after in用于较长一段时间,星期,月份,季节,年,朝代世纪或非特指的早、午、晚等。eg:in 1988,in the 21st century,in winter,in March,in the day，in the morning,at night,at noon/on具体某一天或具体某一个早、午、晚。on Saturday evening,on the May seventh,on a windy night,on the afternoon,on October 31stat在某一点时间或某个瞬间。at eight oclock,at the end of,at this moment,at this time,at times/at a time/at one time，at the age of,【拓展考点1】in+一段时间，表示一段时间之后，与动词将来时连用。after则常用于过去时。比较：He will be back in two days.He came back after two days.易错题：-_ will the film start?-In ten minutes.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How far,【拓展考点2】On+具体某一天/节日易错题：-When were you born?-I was born _ the morning of May 7th,1995.A.in B.at C.on D.by,常见的搭配还有on a cold morning/on a sunny afternoonon a hot summer night,另外注意：在时间词（morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday）前有last,next,this,that时，不再用介词.tomorrow,tonight前也不用介词。eg.I will go(A)to the cinema(B)in(C)this evening._,B 去掉in,注意：at night=in the night at noon at this/that time at Christmas 区别 on Christmas Dayeg.1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3._ a rainy evening 4._3:50 5._ 2002 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10._ March,in,on,on,at,in,on,in,at,at,in,（一）考查表示时间的介词for，since，duringfor+一段时间常表示“持续了一段时间”,since+时间点/+完成时during则表示在期间+一般时态He has been in Beijing for 3 years.He has been in Beijing since 3 three years ago I was in Beijing during last summer.since，for常与现在完成时连用，提问时用how long.,（二）考查表示地点的介词 in/on/atat与小的地点连用,有“在某一点”的含义。at the station/airport/at the cinema/arrive at a villagein与大的地方连用或表示在一个立体空间内”的含义。in the room/arrive in a big cityon 表示沿途/沿着边on the side of the road/on the right/lefton the bank of the river,eg.1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.,in,at,in,on,（三）in/to/on表示方位in 表示一个地方在另一个地方的范围内to 表示两地相隔 on-表示两地相邻Shenzhen is in the southeast of Guangdong.Changsha is to the north of Guangzhong.Henggang is on the east of Longgang.,in,on,to,（四）across/through,cross 表示”越过、穿过”cross:动词“跨过，越过”=go（动词）across across:（表面）跨过through:（内部）穿过，贯穿 介词eg.1)Can you swim _ the river?2)The road runs _ the forest.3)_ the bridge,youll find a cinema.,accross,through,Cross,（五）between:在（两者）之间 among:在（三者以上）之间 1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach._ them were his parents.2)Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.注意：课间休息 _,Among,between,break time between classes,（六）with/in 表示穿衣。in+颜色表示穿衣/带帽With+具体衣服/眼镜等The girl in green looks very beautiful.The girl with green skirt looks very beautiful.The lady with glasses is Lucys mother.The boy in the hat is my neighbour.,（七）by/in/with 表示通过是使用某物in-in+材料/语言/in ink/in Englishwith-with+具体工具 with a penby-by+名词表方式 by hand/by phone1)Please write the letter _ a pencil.2)Please speak _ a loud voice.（八）表示方式 by/on inby+n.(运输工具）如：by car/ship/planein/on/+the/a/an+交通工具如：in a car/on a plane,with,in,（九）over,above与on表示“在上”的区别。over指没有接触面的正上方,反义词是under。above指没有接触面的上方,在高一些的位置,反义词是below。on指有接触面的,在的表面上。The plane is above the clouds.The bridge is over the river.The cup is on the table.,（十）of/to/for表示事物之间的关系of-所属关系。如：The door of the roomThe friend of my fathersto-两物之间的联系The key to the exercise 这个练习的答案The key to the door 门的钥匙The answer to the questionfor 表示用途The tickets for the game,（十一）Except/besides/except forexcept 表示除了，不包括在内besides-除了包括，还有。except for除去的内容和主语不是同一类。,I can speak Japanese,_ English and Chinese.What did you want _ these?I go to school every day_ Sunday.Nobody came_ me.Your picture is good _ some of the colours.Smith is a good man,_ his bad temper.The movie was good _ the ending.,除了这些东西外，你还要什么？（包括these）,除星期天之外，我天天上学。,除了我之外没人来,你的画很好，除了有些颜色不好,史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。,这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。,除了英语和中文，我还会说日语。,besides,besides,except,except,except for,except for,except for,（十二）with 的一些用法1）在.下 with her help2)随着 with the development of China.（十三）towards与to的区别以wards结尾的词表示方向的还有:forwards朝前；backwards朝后；upwards朝上；downwards朝下towards 与 to的区别to侧重于到达；而towards强调方向，如：Shewaswalkingtoward(s)townwhenImether。WhenIgottotown,itwasalready11oclock.,
