职业健康和安全培训.ppt

OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,1,Occupational Health and Safety Training职业健康和安全培训,Session 1:第一节Occupational Health and Safety Program职业健康和安全方案,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,2,Objectives目标,By the end of this session,you will be able to:通过本节,你将能Implement an Occupational Health and Safety(OH&S)Program in your laboratory在你所在的实验室实施职业健康和安全(OH&S)方案List the components of an Occupational Health and Safety Manual列出(OH&S)手册内容List the components of a Joint Health and Safety Committee列出健康和安全联合委员会的内容Create a company Safety Policy制定公司安全政策Perform a Job Hazard Analysis实施工业安全分析,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,3,Occupational Health and Safety Program职业健康和安全方案,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,4,Occupational Health and Safety Program职业健康和安全方案,OHS Programs are designed to:设计OHS方案的目的:Prevent occupational injuries预防职业伤害Prevent occupational disease预防职业疾病,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,5,Occupational Health and Safety Program contd,This is achieved by implementing通过以下方式建立An OHS Manual OHS手册A Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,6,Occupational Health and Safety Program contd,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会-Safety Manager安全经理-Worker Representatives工人代表-Management Representatives管理者代表Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析Basic OHS Manual基础OHS手册Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析Specific Standard Operating Procedures专门标准操作程序Updates to the OHS Manual按OHS手册更新,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,7,Occupational Health and Safety Manual职业健康和安全手册,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,8,OHS Manual OHS手册,What is an OHS Manual?什么是OHS手册Communicates a companys safety policy传达公司的安全政策Communicates management and staff responsibilities regarding safety传达管理者和人员有关安全的职责Provides reference to accessible and controlled safety procedures提供得到和控制安全程序信息Outlines mandatory,ongoing safety training概述强制的,持续安全培训Drives all safety activities推动所有安全活动,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,9,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,10,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会,What is a Joint Health and Safety Committee(aka Safety Committee)?什么是健康和安全联合委员会A committee responsible for health and safety within the lab实验室内负责健康和安全的委员会Meet on a regular basis(ex:once per month)定期开会(如一个月一次)Consists of 成员包括:Safety manager安全经理Management representative(s)管理者代表Worker representatives 工人代表British Columbia卑斯省Consists of a minimum of 4 people包含至少四个人At least half of committee must be worker representatives委员会成员至少有一半是工人代表,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,11,Joint Health and Safety Committee健康和安全联合委员会,What does a Safety Committee do?安全委员会做什么?Develops and implements制定和实施Safety policies安全政策Safety training and education安全培训和教育 Monitors safety policies and programs through监控安全政策和方案Inspections检查Recommending corrective and preventative actions to management向管理者建议纠正和预防措施Implementing corrective and preventative actions 实施纠正和预防措施Responds to employee complaints and suggestions concerning health and safety对员工有关健康和安全的投诉和建议进行反馈,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,12,Safety Committee Meetings安全委员会会议,How does a Safety Committee Organize its work?安全委员会如何组织工作Monthly Safety Committee Meetings每月的安全委员会会议Safety Manager prepares an agenda安全经理制定日程Facilitates safety meetings推动安全会议Includes包括Review of previous meetings issues前次会议问题的回顾Updates on actions in-progress正在执行措施的更新Review of relevant regulations回顾相关法律Issues brought up by safety committee representatives or staff安全委员会代表或员工提出的议题,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,13,Safety Committee Meetings cont安全委员会会议,Safety Committee representative prepares minutes of each meeting安全委员会代表准备每次会议的会议纪要Communicates results of safety meetings传达安全会议结果Copied to复本发给Upper management上一级管理层Each member of the safety committee安全委员会的每名成员Each department within the laboratory实验室的每个部门Archived for a minimum of two years存档至少2年,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,14,Safety Policy安全政策,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,15,Safety Policy安全政策,A brief statement outlining主要声明The employers commitment to safety雇主对安全的承诺Safety goals安全目标How safety goals will be achieved如何实现安全目标,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,16,Safety Policy安全政策,Example:实例JR Laboratories aims to provide a safe,healthy and secure working environment to all staff members,thereby preventing work related accidents,injuries,and illnesses.This is achieved by providing accessible and controlled safety procedures,and scheduled mandatory safety training,through an Occupational Health and Safety Program.JR Laboratories is committed to maintaining a level of safety in the laboratory that complies with the requirements set out in the Workers Compensation Act.JR实验室为所有员工提供安全,健康的工作环境,防止工作相关的事故,伤害和疾病.这通过获得和控制安全程序,定期的强制性安全培训,职来健康和安全方案来实现.JR实验室承诺保持安全等级.符合工人赔偿法令所明确的要求.,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,17,Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,18,What is a Job Hazard Analysis?什么是工作危害分析,A job hazard analysis(JHA)is a procedure which integrates accepted health and safety principles and practices,into a particular operation工作危害分析(JHA)是一种程序,将可接受的健康和安全原则和运作并入特定的运作中.,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,19,How is a Job Hazard Analysis Performed?如何实施工作危害分析,Each basic step of a job is examined to identify potential hazards and to determine the safest way to perform the job 检查工作的每一基本步骤,识别潜在危害,确定履行工作的最安全方式Two basic methods of conducting a JHA can be used separately,or in combination实施JHA的基本方法可单独或合并使用以下方式Observation观察Group Discussion小组讨论,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,20,Conducting a JHA:Observation Method实施JHA:观察方法,Observation观察Workers are observed performing the job in question观察员工履行工作Advantages:优点does not rely on individual memory不依赖于个人记忆 A“fresh set of eyes”may recognize hazards that have otherwise gone unnoticed”另一双眼睛“可能识别未引起注意的危害,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,21,Conducting a JHA:实施JHAGroup Discussion Method小组讨论方法,Group Discussion 小组讨论The job in question is discussed amongst a group在小组内讨论相关工作Experienced workers有经验的员工Supervisors监督员Joint health and safety committee members健康和安全联合委员会成员Concerned staff相关人员Advantage of this method:优点a wider base of knowledge and experience is taken into consideration可以吸纳更广泛的知识和经验,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,22,Benefits of a Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析的益处,Identifies previously undetected hazards 识别以前未发觉的危害Increases job knowledge 增进工作知识Raises health and safety awareness提高健康和安全意识Improves communication amongst co-workers 促进员工间的交流Promotes acceptance of safe work procedures促进安全工作程序的认可,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,23,Benefits of a Job Hazard Analysis contd工作危害分析益处,Completed JHA reports may be used for:完整的JHA报告可用于Future training将来的培训Developing workplace inspection checklists制定工作场所检查表Completing accident investigations完成事故调查,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,24,Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis工作危害分析的实施,Four basic stages:四个阶段1.Select the job to be analysed选择被分析的工作 2.Break the job down into a sequence of steps 将工作按步骤顺序分解3.Identify potential hazards 识别潜在危害4.Determine preventive measures to overcome these hazards 确定预防措施,克服这些危害,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,25,Stage 1:Selecting the Job步骤1:选择工作,Consider the following factors when prioritizing jobs needing hazard analysis:当决定哪些工作需危害分析时,考虑以下因素Accident frequency and severity 事故频率和严重性Potential for severe injuries or illnesses 潜在的严重伤害或疾病Newly established jobs新工作 Modified jobs 改进的工作Infrequently performed jobs不经常做的工作,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,26,Stage 2:Breaking the Job Down into a Sequence of Steps将工作按步骤顺序分解,General rules通用规则A job step is a segment of an operation necessary to advance the work工作步骤是履行工作的一部分Most jobs can be described 10 steps or less大多数工作可以10步骤或更少来描述Start each step with an ACTION verb每一个步骤的开始用动词描述,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,27,Stage 2 contd续,Assign an immediate supervisor and/or member of the OHS committee to:将任务分配给该工作最直接的监督员或OHS委员会成员Observe the worker performing the job观察员工履行工作Define steps and record them in correct sequence确定步骤,以正确的顺序记录Ensure the worker understands that:确保员工了解:The job,not the individual,is being studied研究的是工作,而不是人The workers experience is an important asset in the JHA process工人的经验是JHA过程的最重要的资产,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,28,Stage 3:Identifying Hazards步骤3:识别危害,Evaluate each step to determine if any of the following hazards are present:评价每一步骤,确定是否存在下列危害Physical物理Chemical化学Biological生物Ergonomical人类工程学Record all hazards identified 记录所有识别出的危害,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,29,Stage 4:Determining Preventative Measures to Overcome Hazards步骤4:确定预防措施,克服这些危害定,Develop safe work practices which are realistic and measurable制定现实并可测量的安全工作规范Control the hazards by 控制危害Eliminate the hazard(most effective)消除危害(最有效)Contain the hazard 限制危害Reduce the exposure 减少与危害的接触Implement new procedures,or revise current procedures实施新的程序,或修订目前的程序Communicate procedures in传达程序OHS Manual OHS手册SOPs for the specific tasks特定任务的SOPSafety Bulletin Board 安全公告,OHS1 JR Laboratories Inc.,30,Summary总结,We have discussed the following:讨论:The purpose of an OHS program OHS方案的目的The two main components of an OHS program are the OHS Manual and the Safety Committee OHS方案的二个主要组成:OHS手册和安全委员会How a joint health and safety committee functions健康和安全联合委员会如何发挥作用How to create a safety policy for your lab如何为实验室制定安全政策How to perform a job hazard analysis如何进行工作危害分析,