成高专升本英语主从复合句.ppt

主从复合句,名词从句、定语从句、状语从句,名词从句,从句：在句子中充当某一成分的分句。主句：从句所依附的句子。名词从句：在句子中起名词作用的主谓结构，包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。名词从句要用陈述的语序。,主语从句 1 连接词that That he is still alive is quite true.That the economy is in recession is now no doubt.that引导的主语从句可转换成用it作形式主语的句型。如：It is quit true that he is still alive.It is now no doubt that the economy is in recession.,连接词 wh-疑问词 Who will chair the meeting has not yet been decided.What you think may seem silly.How well you talk is governed by your understanding of grammar.连接词whatever,whichever,whoever等 Whoever broke the vase should admit it frankly.Whichever road you take will be rough and rocky.,表语从句1 连接词和主语从句一样。e.g.The truth is(that)he has lost nothing except a few pennies.The problem was that no one knew how to fix the machine.The question was who owned the house.Actually the film is very much what I expected.,2 当主句的主语为command,demand,order,suggestion,idea,request等时，表语从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形。Should可省略。如：Her idea is that you should stick to your plan.My first request is that the young man should be given a new job.主语从句也一样。如：It is suggested that each of them should write an article.宾语从句也一样。如：She required that he should get there before dark.,宾语从句 1 连接词也和主语从句一样。Many parents think that education is to be given only in school.She explained to him what he had to do to start the car.They offered him what he didnt like at all.2 it作形式宾语时，宾语从句置于句末。We found it true that Mr.smith was an honest gentleman.改写第一个句子：It is thought that education is to be given only in school.,同位语从句，通常是说明其前面名词的内容。连接词也和以上从句一样。The farmers can not forget the fact that birds are the enemies of insects.Do you have any idea of how stupid he is?We have no idea of what he suffered in those days.练习P179 综合检测试题,定语从句,定语从句：在句子中起定语作用的主谓结构。通常修饰其前面的名词或代词，这个名词或代词称为先行词。连接词：关系代词who,whom,that,which 关系副词when,where,why1 关系代词，它取决于先行词是人还是物，还取决于关系代词在从句中作何成分。,先行词是人 主语：A person who has good friends enjoys life more.Anyone who/that saw the car accident please call us at 289110.宾语：I telephoned the doctor who/whom/that Jackson had recommended.He is not the young scientist to whom I referred just now.所有格：I have never met a woman whose figure is so beautiful.,先行词是物 主语：It is a problem that/which needs very careful consideration.宾语：I am using the same computer that/which I have used for four years.所有格：Have you seen the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen?表语:The typewriter is not the machine(which)it was.,当先行词前有all,any,every,a few,no,only,some,very或序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词为anything,everything,nothing等时，关系代词用that.I have never taken anything that doesnt belong to me.You can take any seat that is free.He was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived.The only thing that he did was to call the police.,2 关系副词 when,where,why在句中作状语，其先行词是表示时间、地点、理由的名词。Winter is usually the season when many animals have sleep.He showed me the house where his father had made cigars.There is no good reason why she should leave so soon.,3 His business had failed,and he had to leave GZ to live in ZJ,where he had an uncle.非限定性定语从句 I have never been to the town where I was born.非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句隔开，如果去掉它不会影响主句的意思。指物时用关系代词which,不用that.关系代词不可以省略。He looked at the sky,which was covered with dark clouds.,在非限定性定语从句中，which常用于指代前面的整个主句或主句的一部分。He won the first prize,which we had never expected.Some roads were flooded,which made our journey more difficult.练习：P187 综合检测,状语从句,时间状语从句1 when 引导的从句可表示持续或短暂的动作；可表示与主句动作同时发生或先于主句的动作。When I live in town,I often went to the theatre.When she pressed the button the machine stopped.2 while引导的从句表示两个动作同时发生。从句的动作持续较久。Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.While the woman was listening to the broadcast she kept trembling.,3 as 表示两个动作同时发生，持续时间较短，或表示两个动作正在发展、变化，表示“随着”As I left the house I remember the key.As the sun rose,it became warmer.4 since表示“自从”，从句多用过去时，主句多用完成时态.They have never seen each other again since she fell ill.It is almost a year since I met you last.,5 till/until 表示“直到才”He didnt tell you the news till he was sure of it.Dont try to get on the train until it stops.As soon as 表示“一就”You can go for your holiday as soon as you finish the job.Ill let you know about it as soon as we come to any conclusion.,原因状语从句1 because引导，表示的语气最强，可用来回答why开头的句子，放在主句后面。They had to slow down because he couldnt keep up with them.Why cant you go with us now?Because I am too busy.2 since引导的从句常表示已为人们所知的原因或理由，常译作“既然”。Since she is not prepared for the job,youd better let him do it.Since the weather has improved,the game will be held as planned.,3 As 引导的从句所表示的原因意义很弱，通常不是句子的中心，是某种附加说明。As David said we had better walk,we started off on foot.As Tom is an honest man he is entrusted with a large sum of money.4 For引导的从句放在主句后面，用逗号隔开，表示补充说明。The days are long,for it is now July.I worried about the boy in the river,for there the currents were dangerous.,方式状语从句1 AS引导，表示“和一样”像那样”He worked hard all through the day as everybody else did.He wont do as hes told.2 as if,as tough引导的从句多用于虚拟语气。When he had finished he waited as if he was waiting for a reply.He is standing there still as if he has frozen to death.,条件状语从句1 真实条件句：表示可能实现的条件。If：如果；unless:除非；as long as:只要；Peter wont catch the train if he doesnt hurry.Unless this policy is changed,the future is indeed dark.You may go out as long as you promise to be back before 12 oclock.You can borrow my car on the condition that you return it by this evening.,2 非真实条件句：表示一个与事实相反的假设，用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反：If I were you,I would agree with them.If I had a car,I would lend it to you.与过去事实相反：If Mark had been there,he would have helped you.与将来事实相反：If I were to do the experiment,I would do it some other way.,目的状语从句 1 so that引导 He arranged everything so that we could get there at one oclock.They wrote the notices in several languages so that foreigners could understand them.In order that 引导 He arrived early in order that he might not miss the report.For fear that 引导 They didnt talk much for fear that others might hear them.,结果状语从句So that引导，常有逗号与主句隔开,that 可以省略。We climbed high,so（that）we might get a better view.sothat引导，表示“如此以致”He worked so well that people all praised him.Her album was so full of pictures that it was bursting at the seam.suchthat引导，也表示“如此以致”He had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near his house.,让步状语从句1 although,though引导，表示“虽然但是”Although many painters do their work well,few become wealthy.2 even though=even if引导，表示“尽管”Even if some people have only visited a place once,they will find it again many years later because they have a good sense of direction.,3 wh-+ever(=no matter wh-)引导，表示“无论”Wherever she is,she is always thinking of you.Whoever you be,you have no right to do such a thing.No matter which side wins,I shall be happy.4 whetheror引导，表示“无论”whether you are right or not,well be on your side.,比较状语从句1 than引导，主句中有形容词或副词比较级形式。I admire and respect you more than everybody else(do).2 as 引导，主要用于“so/as as”Mr.Jackson is as rich as Mr.Black(is).The boys studied so hard as the girls did.,地点状语从句Where引导 I found my missing key where I put it last.Where there is a will,there is a way.Wherever 引导 Wherever there is sun and water,there is life.The college graduates went wherever they could find well-paid jobs.练习P202 综合检测试题,