小学英语骨干教师培训课件.ppt
,Beginningaclass(开始上课）1.Letsstartclass.=Itstimeforclass.上课 2.Hello,boysandgirls/children.同学们好 3.Goodmorning/afternoon,boysandgirls/teachers./同学们 老师们,早晨好下午好 4.Standup/Sitdown,please.起立请坐 5.Whoisondutytoday?今天谁值日?6.Iseveryone/everybodyhere/present?大家都出席了吗?7.Isanyone/anybodyabsent?有人缺席吗?8.Whosabsent?谁没来?9.Letsbeginourclass.咱们上课吧.10.Wellstart/beginanewlessontoday.今天我们讲学习新课.11.Whatdayisittoday?今天星期几?12.Whatstheweatherliketoday?今天的天气怎么样?,InClass(课堂上）13.Letsbeginanewlesson.让我们开始学新课.14.Welllearnsomethingnew.我们讲学新知识.15.Letslearnsomenewwords/sentences.咱们学些 新单词句子。16.Letsreviewwhatwevelearnedyesterday.咱们复习一下昨 天学过的内容.17.Ready?Areyouready?准备好了吗?18.Start.开始 19.Alltogether.大家一起来.20.Readalltogethernow.大家一起读.21.Sitdown,please.请坐端正.22.Stoptalking.Donttalk.不许说话.23.Bequiet,please.请安静.24.Lookatmymouth,please.请看我的口型。,25.Quickly/Bequick,please.请迅速点。26.Hurry./Hurryup,please.=Pleasealittlefaster.请快点。27.Doyouunderstand?=Doyoufollowme听懂了吗？28.Canyoufollowme?你能听懂我的话吗？29.Isthatclear？听清楚了吗？30.Listen,please.请听。31.Pleaselistentome.请注意听我说。32.Pleaselistentothetaperecorder/totherecording.请听录音。33.Listencarefully,please.请仔细听。34.Lookcarefully.仔细看。35.Pleaselookattheblackboard/picture/slide.请看黑板幻灯片。36.Pleaseanswermyquestions.请回答我的问题。,37.Canyouspelltheword.?你能拼读这个单词吗？38.Spelltheword.,please.请拼读这个单词。39.Payattentiontoyourspelling/pronunciation.注意你的 拼写发音。40.Sayafterme,please.请跟我说。41.Readafterme,please.请跟我读。42.Trytokeepupwithme,please.请跟我学。43.Pleasesayitagain.请再说一遍。44.Pleaserepeat/Oncemore,please/againplease.请再做一次。45.Whosgoingto.?谁准备.?46.Whowantsto.?谁想要.?47.Pleasecometothefront.请到前面来。48.Inpairs,please.请两人一组练习。,49.Practiceingroups,please./Ingroups,please.请按小组练习 50.Anyvolunteers？有谁自愿做这件事吗？51.Letsdoit.Onebyone,please.请一个接一个地做。52.Nowyou,please.=Wouldyou,please?=Itsyourturnnow!=youwanttotry?请你来 53.Next,please.请下一个。54.Now(you)dothesame.现在你做同一个。55.Putupyourhands,please./Raiseyourhands,please.请举手。56.Putdownyourhands,please./Handsdown,please.请放下手。57.Putit/themintoChinese/English.把它们译成汉语。英语。58.InEnglish,please.请用英语。59.WhatsthisinEnglish/Chinese?这个用英语汉语怎么说？60.Pleasetakeoutyourbooks.请拿出你们的书。,61.Pleaseopenyourbookstopage.请打开书，翻到46页。62.Turntopage4.翻到第4页。63.Closeyourbooks,please.请把书和上。64.Whocanpronouncethiscorrectly?谁能发这个音？65.Pleasesaythisletter/word/sentencetotheclass.请读出这个字母 单词句子。66.Howdoyoureadthissound/letter/word?你怎么读这个字母单 词的音？67.Pardon?Icanthearyouclearly.Louder,please.请原谅.我没能听 清你的话请大点声。68.Pleasegobacktoyourseat.请回到你的座位上去。69.Whocanhelphim/her?谁能帮助他？70.Willyoupleasehelpme?请你帮助我好吗？71.Canyoutry?/Try,please/doyouwanttotryit?=Thinkitoverand tryanotheranswer.=Thinkitoverandthengivemeyouranswer.你能试一下吗？请再试一下 72.Dontbeafraid.别害怕。,73.Dontbeshy.别害羞。74.Thinkitoverandtryagain.仔细想一下，再试。75.Tryyourbest./Doyourbest.尽力尽你最大努力。76.Letshaveadictation.咱们听写吧。77.Isthisrightorwrong?/Isthiscorrect?这个是对还是错？这个正确吗？78.Isiteasy/difficult?它容易难吗？79.Stophere./Nowstop.到此为止。80.Goon,please.请继续。81.LetssinganEnglishsong.咱们唱一首英文歌。82.Letsact./Letsactthedialogue.=Whowouldliketo actoutthedialogue?让咱们表演表演对话。83.WhowantstobeA?谁想演A？84.NowTomwillbeAandIwillbeB.现在汤姆演A，我演B。,85.Itsyourturn.轮到你了。86.Whoseturnisit?该轮到谁了？87.Waityourturn,please.请等等，就轮到你了。88.Standinline.站成一排。89.Pleasegetyourthingsready.请把你的东西准备好。90.Pleaseputawayyourthings.请把你的东西收拾好。91.Practicethedialogue,please.请练习这个对话。92.Askeachotherquestions.互相问问题。93.Thinkitover.仔细想。94.Thishalfoftheclasswillbe/read/act/playA andtheotherhalfwillbeB.班级这一半扮演A,另一半扮演B.,COMMENTING(评论）95.Good.Thankyou.好的，谢谢。96.Right./Thatsright.对 97.OK./ThatsOK.对 98.Good./verygood.好非常好。99.Thatswrong.错了。100.Excellent./Great.Welldone.优秀太好了做得好。101.Youvedonewell.你做得很好。102.Imsureyoullbeevenbetter nextlesson/nexttime.我相信下节课下次你会做得更好。,Exercise and homework.(练习和作业）103.WelldoExercises1and2.我们将做练习一和练习二。104.Fortodayshomework-sayHellotoeachother.今天的作业,互相说：Hello。105.Doitorallybeforewriteitout.在写之前作口头练习。106.Writedownthewordtwice.把这个单词抄写两遍。107.Doyourbest.(IlldoeverythingIcan.)尽最大努力写好。108.Tryyourbest.尽最大努力。IwilldoeverythingIcan.109.Remember/Memorizethesewords.用心学好这些单词。110.Nexttimewellhaveadictation/spellingtest.我们下次 将举行听写拼写测验。,111.Pleasehandinyourworkbooks.请把你的作业交上来。112.Thebellisringing.铃声响了。113.Theregoesthebell.铃声响了 114.Classisover.下课了。115.Timeisup.Letsstophere.时间到了，就到这吧。116.Thatsallfortoday.今天就到这。117.Cometo/Askmeifyouhavequestions.如果你有问题，就来问我。118.Goodbye./Bye./Seeyounexttime.再见下次见。,小学英语教师应当具有的口语能力：,语音：不仅要能读准单个的音标，单词，重音，还要知道如何半爆破，某些音节的弱读和连读。语调：通常我们讲英语的句子有升调和降调以及一些升降调规则，如一般疑问句用升调，特殊疑问句用降调。其实如果我们比较一下我们的英语播音员播送的新闻和英语原版影视节目，就可以知道其实英语口语中的音调并不如此单调死板。句末不仅升降调不符常规，而且还有轻读和平调。句子中我们认为是重读的词汇他们也可能用平调。,句中重读：众所周知，英语语句中的词汇并非个个重读，要重读的往往是需要听者特别注意的信息。不重要的信息往往发音比较含糊且速度较快。然而，中国的英语教师尽管知道这一点，在平时的教学中却不敢去做，怕学生听不清，说不准，从而导致学生不能接触纯正的口语，而且由于摹仿教师而造成同样的问题。最终结果是我们能读懂电影剧本，却听不懂电影。另外，针对儿童语言而言，重读的词一般速度较慢，而且发音也比较夸张。句子韵律：由于意群和句中重读的相互影响，英语口语，尤其是较长的语句，往往有节奏感。这是原汁原味的语言所特有的，也是英语学习者难以达到的境界。语言的节奏对于儿童学英语来说是非常重要的，有强烈节奏的chant可以韵律感，激发起他们的兴趣。,语言内容：语言是丰富的。对于儿童学英语来说，必须要有丰富 的输入，才能保证多变的产出。不能粗浅地认为需要孩子掌握多少，教师用语就必须限定在这些词汇和句型之内，不能超越雷池半步。如果学生只是反复地接触书上的有限语句，就不利于他们的思维发展和对新语言现象的适应能力。同时，也容易造成他们对话内容的单一模式。,语句表达方式：注意儿童语言和成人语言的区别，由于儿童思维和理解能力的限制，教师的语言必须灵活控制。采用儿童语言模式，向儿童语言靠拢（degrading），可以使学生容易理解，也容易维持和延长学生的语言学习的兴奋时间。降格手段包括用片语代替句子，如用In the kitchen?代替Is she in the kitchen?；用陈述句式代替疑问句式，如用You want what?代替What do you want?；为了保证一定量的正常语言的输入，教师在许多时候必须采用成人语言模式，但要注意不能太成人化。根据语言学习梯度理论，儿童学习语言的过程是不断向成人语言靠近的过程，所以教师的口语和学生的用于之间应该略有差距，以便学生不断摹仿改进。,语言的文化特征,语言的生活化,说明：,说明：to在一般情况下都读 t；to的后面接辅音时还可读 d；用在句尾时读 tu。,18.than,if,fill thannn if ftilltl19.who,whom,whose,that who u:uh whom hum whosehuz thatt常见组合的弱读形式 1.Are you?j Am I.?mai Are they?ei Is she?ii Is he?zi Is it?zit 2.What is he?wdizi What is she?wdii What am I?wdmai What are you?wdj What is it?wdizit What is he?wnzi When is she？wnii Where is he?wrzi 3.Is this?zis is Is that?ztzt Is it?zit Is there?z zr z zr 4.Have you?vj have we?vwi Have there?v vr has he?zi Has she?hi Has it?zit Has there?z zr,5.Do I?dwai Do you?dju dj Do they?dei Do we?dwi Dose he?t-si Dose she?ti di Dose it?d-zit6.What do you?wdj wdj wt What are you?wdj wdj wt What you.?wt7.Dont you?dut dunt Dont they?duei dunei Doesnt he?dzni Doesnt she?dzni Doesn,t it?dznit8.Will you?wilj wij Will he?wili Will she?wili wii Will it?wilit9.going to可弱读为 gn 10.Was I?wzai Was she.?wi Was it?wzit Was this?wzis wzis Was that?wzt wzt Was there?wz wz wr,11.Were you?wj wrj Were you?wwi wrwi Were they?wei wrei Were there?w wr wrr Was there?wz wz wzr12.Did I?dai Did you?d du Did they?diei Did he?di Did she?ti Did it?dit13.Didnt you?di-nt Didnt they?di-nei Didnt he?di-ni Didnt she?di-ni Didnt it?di-nit14.must have mst mstv may have meij meijv might have mait maitv could have kd kdv,连读:在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,就要自然地将辅音 和元音相拼,构成一个音节,这就是连读。连读时的音节一般不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可以加音,也不可以读得太重。如:not at all这个 短语。连读时听起来就像是一个单词。,(1)“辅音+元音”型连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglish boy.Itisanold book.Let me havea lookatit.Mr.Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday.I calledyou halfanhourago.Putiton,please.Notatall.Please pickitup.,2)“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。Theyre my fatherand mother.I looked forit hereand there.Thereis a football underit.Thereare some books on the desk.Hereis a letter for you.Hereare foureggs.But whereis my cup?Whereare your brotherand sister?但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）,(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。Thankyou.Nice to meetyou.Didyou get there lateagain?Wouldyou likea cupof tea？Couldyou help me,please?,(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。Iam Chinese.Heis very friendly to me.She wants to studyEnglish.Howand why did you come here?She cant carryit.Itll take you threehours to walk there.The question is tooeasy for him to answer.,5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。Isit ahat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）Thereisa good book in my desk.（book与in之间不可以连读）Can you speakEnglish or French?（English与or之间不可以连读）Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning?（meet与 at，eight与or之间不可以连读）She opened the door and walkedin.（door与and之间不可以连读）,失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。,(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音【t、d、k、g、p、b】中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。The girl in the re(d)coat was on a bla(ck)bike jus(t)now.The bi(g)bus from the fa(c)tory is full of people.Wha(t)time does he get up every morning?This is an ol(d)pi(c)ture of a bi(g)car.The ol(d)do(c)tor has a ca(t),too.Were going to work on a farm nex(t)Tuesday.What would you like,ho(t)tea or bla(ck)coffee?Its a very col(d)day,but its a goo(d)day.You can put i(t)down in the bi(g)garden.,(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。,Goo(d)morning,Mr.Bell.Goo(d)morning,dear.Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te)near to the cinema.I wen(t)there alone a(t)nine las(t)night.-Do you know his bi(ke)number?-Sorry,I don(t)know.The forty-firs(t)lesson is qui(te)difficult.Goo(d)luck,Lin Tao.,全身反应法(TPR)倡导把言语和行为联系在一起,通过身体动作教授外语。设计全身反应教学法,顺序安排大致如下:教师说出指令并做示范动作,学生一边听一边观察。这样做有利于帮助学生消 除紧张心理,让学生在一个不用害怕挫败的环境中学 教师说出指令并做示范动作,然后让学生跟着做。教师说出指令,不示范动作,让学生按照老师的指令去做。教师说出指令,不示范动作,让学生复述指令、完成动作。让一位学生说出指令,教师和其他学生一起做动作。优点：它能够一下子就抓住学生的注意力,吸引学生参加活动,让他们在身临其 境的实际体验中学习英语。教学的重点在于帮助学理解英语、用英语交 流,不在于纠正学生在学习过程中所犯的错误习。它能够提供一个与实际生活紧密相连的学习环境,使学生在多种多样的 活动中、在循环反复的练习中学会英语。协调学生的左、右脑,有助于学生的左脑发展以及语言学习的成效。学 生通过听觉来吸收信息,是由左脑来完成的,而将这些信息用肢体动作 表达出来是通过右脑来完成的。主张以句了为教学单位,整句学、整句用,重视语言内容和意义,有利于 培养学生实际运用语言进行交际的能力。,
