交换式电源供应器研讨会.ppt
交換式電源供應器研討會Switching Mode Power Supply Seminar,交換式電源供應器之概論、趨勢與市場分析 The Scope,Trend and Market of SMPS交換式電源供應器之分類、主要零件與設計要項 The Classification,Key Parts and Design Items of SMPS,具有穩壓的串聯一通過線性式電源供應器之方塊圖Block Diagram of Regulated Linear Power Supply,交流電源輸入AC Input,功率隔離變壓器Isolated Power Transformer,整流與濾波Rectifier and Filter,串聯一通過元件Series-Pass Device,迥授與控制Feedback Control,直流電源輸出DC Output,典型的離線高頻交換式電源供應器之方塊圖Block Diagram of Off-Line Switching Power Supply,交流電源輸入AC Input,電磁干擾濾波器EMI Filter,交換元件SwitchingDevice,隔離元件Isolated Device,輔助電源與電流限制Auxiliary Power and Current Limit,輸出週邊附屬電路與過電壓保護Extra Function and O.V.P.,整流與濾波Rectifier and Filter,功率隔離變壓器Isolated Power Transformer,整流與濾波Rectifier and Filter,迥授與控制Feedback Control,直流電源輸出DC Output,線性式與交換式電源供應器之比較The Comparison with Linear and Switching Power Supplies,項目(Item)線性式(Linear)交換式(Switching)效率(Efficiency)3060%6090%每瓦特尺寸(Size Per Watt)13 in3/W 0.21 in3/W每瓦特重量(Weight Per Watt)30100g/W 310g/W每瓦特成本(Cost Per Watt)0.050.3$/W 0.10.5$/W漣波與雜訊(Ripple&Noise)120mV 20200mV 暫態響應(Transient Response)50uS1mS 0.55mS穩定度(Stability)0.010.1%0.13%可靠度(Reliability)1M Hrs 50500K Hrs電磁干擾(EMI)低(Low)高(High)輸入電壓範圍(Input Voltage Range)低(Low)高(High)電路設計(Circuit Design)簡易(Simple)複雜(Complex),全球交換式電源供應器之市場Total Switching Power Supply Market,Compound Annual Growth Rate(1996-2003)：11.0%,Revenues$Billion,Units Million,Source：Frost&Sullivan,交換式電源供應器之分類原則 Classification for SMPS,以電源特性分類(Characteristics)交流轉直流(AC TO DC Adapter)直流轉直流(DC TO DC Converter)直流轉交流(DC TO AC Inverter)以原理結構分類(Structure)線性式(Linear)電路簡單、穩定度高、暫態反應快、成本低、可靠度高、電磁干擾小 交換式(Switching)效率高、尺寸小、重量輕、輸入範圍大、高瓦特數 以拓璞結構分類(Topology)降壓式(Buck)昇壓式(Boost)降昇壓式(Buck-Boost),以應用線路分類(Application)順向式(Forward)-60W600W 返馳式(Flyback)-100W 半橋式(Half-Bridge)-200W 500W 全橋式(Full-Bridge)-500W 推挽式(Push-Pull)-500W 鈴流扼制式(Ringing Choke Converter)-20W CUK式-無輸出漣波(Output Ripple-less)SEPIC式-無輸入漣波(Input Ripple-less)共振式(Resonant)-低損失(Loss-less),交換式電源供應器之主要零件Key Parts for SMPS,變壓器、扼流圈、濾波器(Transformer/Choke/Filter)電磁原理(Electromagnetic)、磁性材料(Magnetic Material)、繞線設計(Winding)電容器(Capacitor)整流原理(Rectifier)、生命週期(Life Time)、穩定度考量(Stability)功率電晶體(Power Transistor)電晶體特性(Characteristics)、損失計算與量測(Loss)、保護電路(Protection)整流二極體(Rectifier Diode)二極體特性(Characteristics)、損失計算與量測(Loss)、保護電路(Protection)控制器(Controller)迴授原理(Feedback Control)、頻率響應(Response)、驅動電路(Drive)保護電路(Protection)過電壓(OVP)、過電流(OCP)、過功率(OPP)、柔和起動(Soft-Start)印刷電路版(Printed Circuit Board)絕緣層(Insulation)、銅箔層(Copper)、文字印刷(Printing)、孔位孔徑(Hole)機構零件(Mechanical Parts)散熱片(Heatsink)、線材(Wire)、外殼(Case)、連接器(Connectior)、包裝材料(Packing),交換式電源供應器之設計要項Design Item for SMPS,散熱處理(Thermal Management)電磁干擾與相容(EMI/EMC Limitation)安全規範(Safety Regulation)生產便易(Easy to Process)失效模式分析(FMEA)可靠度驗證(Reliability,MTBF)穩定度分析(Stability),交換式電源供應器之技術評估Technology Evaluation for SMPS,功率密度(Power Density W/in3)穩壓調整率(Regulation Tolerance%)輸出漣波與雜訊(Output Ripple&Noise%)效率(Efficiency%)動態負載(Dynamic load A/us)計算之失效平均時間(Calculated MTBF 106 hrs)每瓦數成本(Cost/Watt$/W),交換式電源供應器之開發風險Managing Risk for SMPS,複雜因素(Complexity Factors)損耗功率密度(Dissipated Power Density)零件密度(Componemt Density)零件數量(Number of Parts)電源階數(Number of Power Stages)設計時間(Design Cycle Time)創新因素(Novelty Factors)新拓墣結構數(Number of New Topologies)新封裝觀念數(Number of New Packaging Concepts)新佈線數量(Number of New Layouts)新高良率製程(New High-Yield Manufacturing Process)新團隊關係數(Number of New Relationships),
