阅读理解细部分题技巧课件.ppt

阅读理解 细节题技巧,阅读理解命题分类,主旨大意型,事实细节型,词义猜测型,推理判断型,命题类,细节理解题：细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据 文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案;有些则要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。做此类题的方法一般是先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读，找出正确答案。,细节类问题的命题方式有以下几种：1)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?2)The author mentions all of the following except.3)Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?4)The writer mentions all of the items listed below except _.5)Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?6)What is the example of.as described in the passage?7)The reason for.is.8)According to the passage,when(where,why,how,who,etc.).9)From the passage we know that _.10)In the passage,the author states that _.,分析题干能力,1、是非题出题形式：a.三正一误：Which of the following is true except?Which of the following is mentioned exceptb.三误一正：Which of the following is true?这种做题方法主要与三正一误的下列问法相联系：Which of the following mentioned except Which of the following is not mentioned?这种问题的正确选项所包含的信息通常连续出现在同一段，而且往往无列举标志词，如first，second，third等。做题时只需阅读有关段落，根据一个选项中的关键词在其前后找其他两个正确先项，剩下一个原文中未提到的，为正确答案。,2、例证题例子为高考阅读理解的常见考点之一，这类题的基本结构为:The author provides in line(或Paragraph)an example in order to 意思是问文中举出某现象或例子的目的。文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定的道理。关键在于这个例子在原文出现的位置，但不管如何，这个例子之前或之后不远处通常都有一句总结说明性的话，这句话就是答案，即举例的目的。如果例子与全文主题有关，则例证主题，答案为主题句。如果例子与段落主题有关，就例证段落主题，则答案为段落主题句；此外，答案为例子前后总结说明性的话。,3、年代与数字:这个考点有几种出题方式，但不管以何种形式出现，只要题干问年代与数字，答案就对应于文章中的年代与数字。4、比较:比较考点的表现形式主要有：a.比较级与含有比较意义的词汇手段和句型结构；b.表示绝对意义的字眼：first(第一)，least(最不)，most(最)等；c.表示惟一性的词汇：only,unique等；阅读最好能圈出表示最高级、惟一性和绝对意义的词汇，便于做题时回原文定位。,5、原因：这种题的答案在原文通常有一些表示因果关系的词汇手段提示：result,reason;result in(结果，导致)，result from(由于，由造成）baseon(以为基础)，be due to(由于)；because,for,why;as a result,consequently等。阅读时对这些提示词应该予以注意。原文相关句出现的格式都是先说原因，后说结果，而在题干中通常给出结果，就其原因提问。,细节体验,Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian,host of the well received TV programme“Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin,Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old，Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia.Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess.Before she took part in the competition,she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years.However，it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage,dancing,singing,making-up and other proper manners,designed by the Asia TV Station.“Its really a hard job for me.I wont enter for such competition any more.Anyhow,I am quite lucky.I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title.This time,in Shanghai,Id love to make a deep impression on my TV audience,said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.Q：Which of the following is NOT true?A.Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.B.Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.C.Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.D.Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.,解析：A、C 和D都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文列的是：taken to Hong Kong可判断不是moved to Hong Kong with her parents，因此选B。,Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families.They spent their childrenhood in little wooden rooms.They got little education.Washington and Lincoln,for example,never went to school and they taught themselves.Lincoln once did jobs of a worker,shop-keeper and post officer in his early years.A large number of U.S presidents had experiences in the army.The two best known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D.Eisenhower.Grant was a general in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.It happened that they graduated from the same schoolWest Point Military Academy(西点军校),1,Q:President Eisenhower became well-known.A.while studying in West Point Military Academy B.during the American Civil War C.after he was elected President of the U.S.D.during World War II.,Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.,Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families.They spent their childrenhood in little wooden rooms.They got little education.Washington and Lincoln,for example,never went to school and they taught themselves.Lincoln once did jobs of a worker,shop-keeper and post officer in his early years.A large number of U.S presidents had experiences in the army.The two best known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D.Eisenhower.Grant was a general in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.It happened that they graduated from the same schoolWest Point Military Academy(西点军校),1,高考体验,43.According to the passage,some rabbits can now be easily discovered by predators because they_?A.are exposed to more skillful hunters B.have moved to habitats with fewer plantsC.havent adapted themselves to climate changeD.cant change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring,2012年浙江省高考A篇,2012年浙江省高考A篇A Easter(复活节)is still a great day for worship,randy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs,but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies.(Para4)The snowshoe hare,on the other hand,has a color issue.Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer,each designed to give them better cover from predators(捕食者).As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country,however,more and more bunnies are being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring,making them an easier mark for predators.Researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight,but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question.The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.,43.According to the passage,some rabbits can now be easily discovered by predators because they_?A.are exposed to more skillful hunters B.have moved to habitats with fewer plantsC.havent adapted themselves to climate changeD.cant change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring,2012年浙江省高考A篇,44.The problem faced by volcano rabbits and rock rabbits is that_.both are affected by less snow B.both are affected by rising sea levelsC.neither can find enough food D.neither can migrate to higher places,2012年浙江省高考A篇,2012年浙江省高考A篇A(Para5)American pikas or rock rabbits,a relative of rabbits and hares,might be the first of these species to go extinct due to climate change.About 7-8 inches long,pikas live high in the cool.damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains.As global temperatures rise,they would naturally migrate(迁移)to higher ground-but they already occupy the mountaintops.They cant go any higher.The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat heats up.(Para6)The volcano rabbit has the same problem.These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico,and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters,but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher,so they are stuck in the middle.Scientists are concerned about their populations.,44.The problem faced by volcano rabbits and rock rabbits is that_.both are affected by less snow B.both are affected by rising sea levelsC.neither can find enough food D.neither can migrate to higher places,2012年浙江省高考A篇,46.Why is Kenichi Ito described as a man with a super power?A.He set a good example to all Japanese.B.He made record attempts in 15 different countries.C.He set a new record for Fastest 100 m running on all fours.D.He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.,2012年浙江省高考B篇,2012年浙江省高考B篇B Top 6 Unusual Guinness World RecordsFastest 100 running on all fours Most living generations The 2008 Guinness World Records Day was,Did you ever wonder what is the GuinnessAccording to GWR,their biggest day of record-World Record for most living generations inBreaking ener,with more than 290,000 people one family?Seven is the answer.Taking part in record attemts in 15 different The sultimate anthority on record-breakingCountries.Kenichi Itos record attempt was part mentions on the website that the yougest Of this special day.He is just another example of great-great-great-great grandparent of thiJapanese with“super powers”His“super powers”s familly was Angusta Buing“aged 109 yeis to run with great speed on all fours,Kenichi Ito ars 97 days,followed by her danghter agedran 100 m on all fours in 18.58 seconds.The 89,her granddaughter aged 70,her great graJapanese set this record at Setagaya Kunitsu Sogo nd-daughter aged 52 her great-great grand-Undojyo,Tokyo,in 2008,46.Why is Kenichi Ito described as a man with a super power?A.He set a good example to all Japanese.B.He made record attempts in 15 different countries.C.He set a new record for Fastest 100 m running on all fours.D.He participated in the 2008 Guinness World Records Day activities.,2012年浙江省高考B篇,47.Jeffries is the name of_.A.the owner of the dog with the longest ears B.the grandfather of the dog with the longest earsC.the present holder of the record for Longest ears on a dogD.the former holder of the record for Longest ears on a dog,2012年浙江省高考B篇,2012年浙江省高考B篇B Top 6 Unusual Guinness World RecordsLongest ears on a dog A bloodhood from illinces has the longest earsEver measured on a dog.The right car is 13.75 inchesLong and the left one 13.5 inches.The dog named Tigger earned.This tilte in 2004 and is owned by Christina and Bryan Flessner.Mr.Jeffnies is the previous record holder of this title.Each ofHis ears measured approximately 11.5 inches long.His grandfather Used to hold this amazing world record,but when he died Mr.JeffniesLook over.,47.Jeffries is the name of_.A.the owner of the dog with the longest ears B.the grandfather of the dog with the longest earsC.the present holder of the record for Longest ears on a dogD.the former holder of the record for Longest ears on a dog,2012年浙江省高考B篇,Previous record,53.After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta,it was found that_.A.there was a decrease in classroom violence B.there was less student cooperation in the classroomC.more teachers felt better about themselves in schools D.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved,2012年浙江省高考C篇,2012年浙江省高考C篇C There will always be conflict in schools,but that doesnt mean there needs to be violence.After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program,according to Educators for Social Responsibility,64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student co-operation;and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves.Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,teachers,parents,bosses,and coworkers.In that way,conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.,53.After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta,it was found that_.A.there was a decrease in classroom violence B.there was less student cooperation in the classroomC.more teachers felt better about themselves in schools D.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved,2012年浙江省高考C篇,Practice makes perfect!,