语法填空题的解题技巧及备考策略.PPT
语法填空题的 解题技巧及备考策略,泉港二中 潘文娟,主要考查考生在特定语境中语法的分析和运用能力。,考试说明,具体的能力要求,1.阅读/理解语篇的能力；2.分析句子结构的能力；3.熟悉运用语法的能力；4.单词拼写的能力。,命 题 特 点,1.短文题材：题材多样，或体现文化内涵、文化交往，或给人以启迪等。2.短文长度：约200词，设10个空。3.短文难度：难度适中4.设题方式：给提示词和不给提示词5.考查内容：大纲中涉及的语法,20142015年全国卷语法填空考点分布情况,解 题 思 路,做语法填空题时，可以用一种由大及小的思路去思考答案。也就是说，可以从“篇章，句子，词汇”三个层面去思考。,1.通读全文，了解大意，弄清文脉，把握总体时态。,2.结合语境，试填空格，先易后难。,3.验证复查，清除难点。,解 题 技 巧,无提示词,有提示词,空格设计,介词，连词，代词，冠词，连接词（并列连词，从属连词），关系词，衔接副词等。,词性转换，动词时态、语态，非谓语动词，名词数和格，形容词副词的比较级和最高级等。,filling,changing,一、有提示词,1.括号内给出了动词,首先判断：句子有没有谓语？有没有考虑时态语态？有谓语就考虑非谓语：不定式、动词-ing或者过去分词,1.I remember 64(feel)part of this big thing called“family”,.,feeling,省单科质检,2.Now as a mother,I want my child 69(get)in contact with her Indian roots too,remember,want,to get,泉州三月质检,3.The underground passages were very narrow 63(compare)to the last line,were,narrow,compared,4.This 67(make)the system not user-friendly,but.,made,其次注意所给动词所在的句子中的 并列连词,省质检卷63题：As a child,I went to my local school and,of course _(speak)English with a local accent.,and,spoke,went,还要注意一些固定句型或动词的固定用法,市质检69题：It was good for me _(have)the experience.,to have,全国课标卷II:1.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused _(stop)until we reached the next stop.,to stop,2.Still the boy kept _(ride).,riding,小结,若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所填动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、-ed形式，还是用不定式形式。,若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所填动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。,加强动词的三式：千年老错的:write-writing（writting）-written(writen)preferpreferring(prefering)preferred(prefered),2.括号内给出的是形容词或副词,1）清楚提示词所在的位置;2）形容词和副词的作用：形容词一般修饰名词作定语或者在系动词后作表语；副词一般修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，起状语的作用。,3）形容词和副词的相互转换;,I suppose my family_(real)influenced me while I was growing up.,省质检：,really,influenced,市质检:Its _(true)amazing!,truly,4）注意表比较的as,than或修饰比较级的词，如much,even,far 等；注意多音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成,1.(课标卷I)now the water in the river is _(clean)than ever.,cleaner,3.(市质检）I was very interested in it as it is the_(old)system in the world.,oldest,2.(省质检)part of this big thing called“family”,and an even _(big)thing called“India”.,bigger,3.括号内给出的是名词,当括号内给出的是名词时要考虑是否需要变成复数形式、反义词或变成形容词等,注意积累常见的不可数名词如：information，furniture,advice;易错的名词复数形式：child-children（childrens),省质检：1.All her Indian 70(cousin)are expecting to meet her!,cousins,2.Im always thinking that growing up with two cultures is a gift,not a 68(advantage).,disadvantage,市质检：makes travelling on the London Underground much more 68(convenience).,convenient,二、无提示词,纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词（含从属连词和并列连词）和情态动词等,1.名词/代词/动名词/最高级前设空，首先考虑限定词,a,an,the,my,your,his,ones,some,any,one,each,either,neither,another,other等,省质检：My parents had moved to England from India during _ 1970s.,the,全国课标卷I Now,years later,this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.,the,2.分析句子成分，谓语动词前设空，应考虑代词作主语；及物动词或介词后设空，应考虑宾格代词作宾语,泉州质检：I was told that the first part of the underground system opened in 1863 and _ took people from the boundary of London to the city centre.,it,3.分析句子关系，正确使用连接词,（全国课标卷II)There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_some of them looked very anxious and disappointed when.,and,泉州质检：Another problem was that there were a dozen different lines,_were not linked.,which,省质检：They used to talk about India as“home”-even _ at that time I had never been there!,if/though,4.固定的介词短语或短语动词中的介词,省质检：and lived there till I left home _the age of eighteen.,at,泉州市质检there were lots_ smoke and noise.,of,还要注意短语动词中的介词，如：pick up,keep up with,hold on,get down to,1.This weekend,millions of eager readers will have switched_ their computers and TVs,and opened their copies of Harry Potter.,off,2.For a long time Bali was cut _ from much ofthe world.,off,注意：无提示的填空，虚词居多，上下文语境非常重要。,备 考 策 略,1.无提示词空格无从下手2.所需词的词性和词形难以判断3.所给动词的时态和语态难以抉择4.谓语/非谓语身份难以确认5.最怕形容词/副词的变形和级别6.不理解句意甚至是整篇短文7.单词拼写或短语搭配难以记牢,学生解题存在的困惑,2.教学中要树立语篇的教学观。,3.教学中对基础的语法知识进行更加全面且有针对性的复习，开展语篇层面的微技能的训练，引导学生将语法及词汇基础知识与语篇中的语境相结合。,4.利用课内外阅读文本，挖空设题，加强学生的语篇训练。,1.把握设题意图和方向。,1.重要的语法要过关；,2.词汇要过关；,3.要有足够的训练量；及时总结练习中出现的错误，学会归纳易错点，重要的是查缺补漏。,4.语法填空和短文改错相结合:把语法填空题错误多的设置为改错题;把改错题做不出来的设置为语法填空题;,我的做法：,Thank you!,
