《助动词和情态动词》PPT课件.ppt

助动词,助动词本身没有实际意义，不能独立构成谓语，可表示时态、语态或构成否定及疑问形式。常见的助动词有：be,have,do,will,shall,be类助动词,1)be类助动词有哪些？am,is,are,was,were,been 2)请按时态或语态把上面的词分类。1.一般现在时：2.一般过去时：3.完成时态：4.被动语态：,am,is,are,was,were,been,All of them.,3)含有be类助动词的句子该如何变否定句？They were watching TV when we got there.They watching TV when we got there.4)一般疑问该如何变？We are doing our lessons now.Are you doing your lessons now.,werent,have类助动词,1)have类助动词有哪些？have,has,had,having2)have类助动词与过去分词构成完成时。My uncle has come back home.Before we went home,we had had a little rest.Having done the work,we had a bath.,will类助动词,1)will 类助动词有哪些？will,would,shall,should 2)这类动词后加_,构成将来时态。There will be more trees in one hundred years.3)注意：shall 仅用于第一人称。I shall be fifteen years old next birthday.,动词原形,do类助动词,1)这类助动词有哪些？do,does,did 2)这类动词与行为动词一起构成否定句和疑问句。Do you enjoy living in China?Does your sister like playing basketall?He didnt watch TV last night.,情 态 动 词,1.请回忆你所学过的情态动词。can/could,may/might,must,have to,need,shall/should,will/would2.你知道他们是什么意思吗？can表_,may _ must _推测有把握 should _,would _,have to _表客观,能力,许可,必须,应该,愿,被迫,这么多情态动词，你知道这么用吗？,can,could 的用法 can在以下句子中分别是什么用法？意思？1)Can you play basketball?2)Li Hua cant be in the classroom.3)You can go now.,表能力，意为“能，会”,表示怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句和疑问句中,表示许可，意为“可以”（相当于may）,4)Can I play with the toy now,Mum?2.could是can的过去式，可以表示过去的能力。I could swim when I was seven.3.以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别是can和cant;以could开头的一般疑问句，其肯定和否定回答分别是could和couldnt.,表示建议、请求（常用于疑问句）,may,might 的用法1.may在以下句子中分别是什么用法？意思？1)He may come tomorrow.表示推测，意为“可能；也许”，用于肯定句2)You may go now.表示许可,3)May I borrow your book?表示请求、许可，意为“可以”。-May I go now?-_.(注意：may表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一半疑问句，其否定回答用mustnt或cant,表示“不可以，不许，禁止，阻止”）,No,you mustnt/cant.,must的用法1)We must love our country.表示“必须，应该”2)The man must be a doctor.表示很有把握的推断，“一定”3)must表示推测时一般用于肯定句；在疑问句和否定句中一般应用can，否定句中也可以用may,但may not表示“可能不”，而cant表示“不可能”。,4)否定句中，mustnt表示禁止，意为“不允许”。以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答应用must，而否定回答则常用neednt和dont have to(不需要，不必)eg:Theres someone knocking at the door.It must be Jim.-Must I finish the project today?-No,you neednt/dont have to.,need的用法You neednt come next time.表示需要、必须（主要用于否定句和疑问句）2)Need I go to bed now?Yes,you must.No,you neednt.,shall 和should 的用法You shall have your book soon.表示许诺、警告、命令（用于陈述句的第二、三人称）2)Shall he come to see you?Shall we go out for a walk?征求对方意见或请求（用于第一、三人称的问句）3)Shall I tell John about it?-No,you neednt.I told hime just now.,will 和 would的用法Ill help you if I am free this afternoon.表示意愿、意志（用于多种人称）2)Fish will die out of water.总是、惯于（习惯性动作或状态）注意could,should,would,might等过去式有时并不表示过去，而是表示一种更委婉客气的语气。Would you like some bananas?,情态动词用法大串联？考考你，准备好了吗？,Q1:must与have to 都有“必须”的意思，其区别是什么？must表示主观看法；have to表示客观需求“不得不”Q2:must也可表示很有把握的猜测。那表示推测的情态动词还有那些？与must的区别有哪些？can may might could,1)can表推测，只用于否定句和疑问句中，must表肯定推测，cant表否定推测。2)may,might,could表示可能。Q3:当must意为“应当”时，和should(应该)有什么区别？We must love our country.You should see a doctor.(must表示主观的看法；should表示建议),Q4:must是“必须，应当”的意思，那么mustnt如何理解呢？你知道neednt,cant 与shouldnt，may not分别是什么意思吗？mustnt:不允许 neednt:不需要，不必 cant:不可能 shouldnt:不应该 may not:可能不（小提示：这几个词的意思一定要记住并区分，因为考试时经常出现）,Q5:以must开头的疑问句的否定回答用什么？neednt或dont have to 那么以may,need开头的一般疑问句用什么来回答呢？may的否定回答用：mustnt或cant;need的肯定回答用：must 否定回答用：neednt,1.-_ you turn down your radio,please?-Yes,I can.A.May B.Need C.Must D.Can2.What will the weather be like tomorrow?-It _ be rainy,cloudy or sunny.Who knows?A.must B.might C.shall D.shouldnt3.How was the youth club last night,Mark?-It was great fun.You _ come.A.must B.can C.should D.may4.This history book _be Bobs sisters.His sister is only a baby.A.must B.might C.cant,D,B,C,C,5.Dont put off todays work for tomorrow.I mean,todays work _today.A.may do B.must do C.may be done D.must be done6.You _ jump onto a bus while it is moving.Its too dangerous.A.may not B.mustnt C.may D.must7.How is our friend coming?-Im not sure.He _ drive here.A.may B.can C.must D.will,D,B,A,8.Will you go to the museum with me?-Sorry,_.My aunt is coming to see me.A.I dont B.I cant C.I neednt D.I mustnt9.-_ I use your mobile phone?-Certainly.Here you are.A.May B.Must C.Should D.Need10.Shall I tell John about it?-No,you _.I told him just now.A.neednt B.cant C.mustntD.shouldnt,B,A,A,11.Look!The man at the ate _ be our headmaster.He is always standing there every morning.-No,it _ be him.He is holding a meeting in the office now.A.must;cant B.must;mustntC.cant;cant D.cant;mustnt12.-_ the exam paper be handed in right now?-No,it doesnt have to.You may hand it in before 11:30.A.Can B.Must C.Should D.May,A,B,13.Mr.White is of great help,so you _ let him go.A.had not better B.had better dont C.had better not D.had no better14.Will you answer the telephone?It _ be your mother.-Sorry.I _.Im very busy.A.can;mustnt B.will;cant C.may;cant D.need;will,C,C,15.May I take my pet dog with me into the cinema?-The rule says no.So you _.A.can B.mustnt C.may D.neednt16.Our classroom must clean every day.Keep B.to keep C.be kept D.to be kept17.Lisa,_ you speak English?-Yes,but only a little.A.need B.must C.may D.can,B,C,D,1.could 2.mustnt 3.might/may 4.should 5.was able to 6.should 7.have to 8.Would 9.May;can 10.shouldnt 11.must;cant 12.must 13.neednt 14.may 15.Will,