《非人称主语句》PPT课件.ppt
非人称主语句,英语里主语常用人称和非人称两种形式来表达。用非人称主语表达时，往往注重“什么事发生在什么人身上”。而汉语则较常用人称主语表达，侧重“什么人怎么样了”。,e.g,1.我突然产生了一个可怕的想法-我锁门了吗？A terrible thought suddenly struck me-had I locked the door?2.她独处时便感到一种特殊的安宁。A strange peace came over her when she was alone.,英语中非人称作主语的句子主要有两种类型：,1.非人称主语句采用“无灵主语”（inanimate subject），表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等，但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”（animate verb）表示人或社会团体的动作和行为，如：see，desert，find，bring，witness，give，escape，surround，kill，deprive，serve，send，know，tell，permit，invite，take，drive，preventfrom等，这类句子往往带有拟人化（personification）的修辞色彩（如上面两个例句）。2.用非人称代词“it”作主语。例如：It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest.译文：我从没有想到她会这样的不诚实,英语中的这类句子具备着含蓄幽默、生动活泼、客观公正、简洁凝练、句型多样等特点，所以使用广泛。但是由于汉、英两种语言属于不同的语系，所以用这种无灵主语句时，要考虑到英语的思维方法。,句中暗含着条件、因果、时间、地点时，可用非人称主语。,从1840至1880这四十年中，近一千万移民移居美国。The forty years,1840-1880,brought almost ten million migrants to America.The forty years,1840-1880,attracted almost ten million migrants to America.,当谓语动词是情感型使动词时，如：surprise，disappoint，excite，disturb，inspire，puzzle，annoy，trouble，irritate，shock等；或得失型动词，如：lost，get，gain，take，fail，save，win，leave等，可考虑用非人称主语。,The idea greatly excited him.,e.g,美景使这个地方颇有名气。The beautiful scenery gained the place quite a reputation.她咬指甲的习惯使我生气。Her habit of biting her nails irritates me.当他不得不说话时，他突然失去了信心。When he had to speak,his confidence suddenly deserted him.,e.g,他好象面临着困难的抉择。It seems that a very difficult decision now faces him.现在许多人觉得，当时对他的任命是个严重的错误。It is generally felt that his appointment was a grave mistake.,e.g,大街小巷早就传遍了各种流言蜚语。Rumors had already spread along the stree此外，英语的“there be”句式及用不定代词“one”作主语的句子也具有非人称倾向1955年，六千名工人举行了一次罢工。In 1955,there was a strike participated by six thousand workers.,Appreciate the following sentences and learn to imitate the sentence structure.,Dont talk to me about no opportunity any more,opportunitys knocking down every door in the country,trying to get in.I am very sorry that the pressure of other occupations has prevented me from sending an earlier reply to your letter.,The smallest excuse would have served.Paying his sons debts left him almost penniless.That night sleep eluded me.The old house has seen/witnessed better days.Everything at the party spoke of careful planning.The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.,The end,
