《财经英语》PPT课件.ppt

财经英语Financial and Economic English,Introduction,1.Introduction of myself2.Introduction of this course3.Introduction of yourselves,李 喆Angela,Hometown,Hei Longjiang ProvinceQiqihaer cityred-crowned crane,University,Harbin Institute of Technology,The importance of Economic English,exams CET GCT(考研)BEC工作(Job)简历(resume)（网投email，招聘会job fair）笔试(writing exam)面试(interview)晋升(promotion)跳槽(job-hopping),How to study Economic English,WordsGoods，futures，optionsListeningTalking ReadingWriting,Arrangement of the test,平时成绩(Usually result)50%随堂小测试(quiz)及练习(exercises)课后作业(assignments)讲演（presentation）期末考试(End of the period result)50%闭卷考试(an close-book examination)题型(The Types of Question)名词解释(glossary)英译汉(Translation from English into Chinese)汉译英(Translation from Chinese into English)快速阅读(Fast Reading Scanning and Skimming)作文(Composition),Introduction of yourself,Include but not limited:Your name(family name,given name,English name),and your student IDYour hometownYour hobbiesYour dreamYour suggestion of this course,Unit One What is economics?The economic problem.,words and expressions,1.economics n.经济学Economics And Business(经济、商学）Economics And Business Law（经济法和商法）International Economics and Business（国际经济与商务）Economics for Materials（物资经济学）Economics of management（管理经济学）Economics of scale（规模经济学、经济规模）Economics of industry（工业经济学）Economics of technology and management（技术经济及管理）,2.economic 经济的，经济学的Economic and Social Council 经济社会理事会economic balance economic geography economic indicators 经济指标economic power 经济实力；经济强国；经济权 economic restructure经济结构重整，经济转型economic stability economic trend,3.economical a.节俭的,经济的,合算的 Going by train is more economical than going by plane 4.economy n.节约,经济 market economy Economy and Reform Economy Development Zone 经济开发区economy car 经济型轿车,New Words,abstraction n.抽象概念；抽象化abstract n.摘要assess v.评定，确定，估价assessment n.评估，估价crucial adj.至关重要的，决定性的是基于拉丁语crux“十字形”的意思之上的，它的意思为“在一条路分为两条岔路的地方用于指示方向的路标”diversity n.多种多样的；多样性,New Words,factual adj.事实的，真实的fact n.事实framework n.框架；结构frame n.结构；画面incessant adj.连续的，持续不断的cessative adj.表示停止的inexact adj.不准确的，不精确的exact adj.准确的，精确的,New Words,inflation n.通货膨胀deflationprecision n.准确（性），精确（性）precise requisite n.必需的事物，必需的物品requirespecialization n.专业化special，specialize,New Words,specimen n.样品，标本（复数加s）samplestability n.稳定性stableSweden n.瑞典（国家名）verify v.证实，核对,Phases and notes,Alfred Marshallneeds and wantsvalue judgmentgoodsenterprise,Think while-reading,1)what are the definitions of economics?2)what is the basic economic problem?3)what is an economic system?what does it depend on in economic development of one country?,There is no single adequate definition of what economics actually is,and the old joke that“economics is what economists do”is hardly helpful.,作为of的宾语从句,作为joke的定语从句,适当的，足够的,Economics is the study of mankind in the ordinary business of life;it examines that part of individual and social action which is most closely connected with the attainment and with the use of the material requisites of well-being,康乐,安宁,福利,达到,获得；成就,Economics has also been defined as the study of decision-making;decisions which involve choosing between alternatives in the related activities of earning,spending,producing and consuming,all with the object of achieving material well-being.,指代前面的内容,Economics is often thought of as a science.However,it is a very inexact science because it is a social science,and is affected by the many influences that lead to incessant change.,连续的，持续不断的,We are all consumers and most of us read the newspapers,so it is up to us to understand what is going on.,取决于,Differing values and social forces have led to countries developing different economic systems,but all countries face the same economic problemssuch as whether they are producing the right things and by the best methods,how wants are to be satisfied,and whose wants are to be satisfied.,社会影响力,An economic system is made up of the collection of relationships,customs,institutions,laws and arrangements that are combined to satisfy the economic wants of the community to determine what and how production take place,and who receives the output.,协议,社会,In one sense the economic system of a society does grow or,rather,develop,because the type of system a country has depended on its historical background and its political forces.,在某种意义上,政治力量,The job of an economic system is to form a framework of organization which enables choices and decisions to be made on how to satisfy the wants of the community.,框架,结构,It can not be said that just because two countries have the same political governments,they will run their economies in the same way.,Additional text:The economic problem,1、Choices have to be made on.2、Economic resources are.3、By capital we mean.4、Capital goods are.5、In the economic sense,scarcity means.6、Economic goods and services are.,Nobody ever has everything he or she wants and the basic economic problem is said to be scarcity,缺乏,不足,Everybody never,Choices have to be made on which wants are to be satisfied first,and on how resources are to be allocated and combined to satisfy the wants of the community.allocate resources 资源配置,Economic resources are generally divided into three main categories:land,labor,and capital.,种类，部署，类目,Labor as a resource includes all types of human effort,mental and physical,which is put into the process of production of goods and services.,By capital we mean the stock of capital goods that a country possesses.Capital goods can be defined as plant and machinery,tools,factory buildings,communication systems,roads and transport systems.,资本品,拥有,持有,支配,存货,储备,股份,工厂,设备,运输系统,通信系统,Capital goods are those goods which are manufactured and are used to produce other goods.,制造,加工,We have to decide which of our wants should be satisfied first,and then how much of our time or income should be devoted to these priorities before looking at the satisfaction of others.,专心致力于,优先考虑的事，优先权,It is an old saying that you cant eat your cake and have it too.Land,as we have seen,is one of the economic resources which are limited in quantity and for which a choice has to be made on the wants to be satisfied and on the extent of that satisfaction.,格言,谚语,In economic terms this is called opportunity cost.This expression means that the want which was given up was the real cost of the want which was satisfied.The kind of choices that are made in a community about the most desirable objectives to pursue rests on value judgements and opinions.,经济学术语,机会成本,追求,取决于,In the economic sense,scarcity means that a resource which can be used for more than one purpose is in demand,and therefore a choice must be made on how to allocate the resource among the competing purposes.,Countries and economic systems must develop those resources in which they are richest,and so their decisions on how to satisfy the wants of their community will be based on the resources they possess and how they can best be utilized.,Economic goods and services are those which satisfy human wants but are not free.,additional exercises.(translation from E-C and C-E),(1)A market economy is one in which the basic economic choices are made by individual buyers and sellers interacting in market.A planned economy is one in which the basic economic choices are made by a planning authority rather than by individual buyers and sellers in markets.,(3)稀缺是经济学产生的原因。所谓稀缺，就是指没有而且从来也不会有足够的产品和服务能够满足每个人、每个家庭和社会的需要。稀缺的存在。使得个人和社会必须做出选择和决定。这就使得经济学有了另一个定义：经济学是研究在稀缺世界中进行选择的科学。,（4）自从1969年首次颁布诺贝尔经济学奖以来，迄今已经有43为经济学家获此殊荣。诺贝尔奖得主阐明了非常不同的、通常是局限于经济学领域的某些方面，有时也经常和其他一些学科（包括数学、法律、历史)有一些联系。大约2/3的工作是有关宏观经济学的，另外1/3是有关微观经济学的。,