《读写任务总汇》PPT课件.ppt

读写任务,读写任务是要求考生首先阅读一篇短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。要求先用约30词概括短文全文或短文某个方面的内容，再用约120词就某个主题发表观点。发表观点时题中本身有内容要点提示。具体来说，这类试题有以下几个特点：1.长度：阅读文章长度约200250词。高考考试说明中的示例1阅读短文203词，示例2阅读短文228词；2007年高考题阅读短文240词；2008年高考题的阅读短文为187词。2.难度：较高考阅读文章或教材阅读文章更容易，一般没有生词。,3.主题：与学生的学习或生活密切相关，为所有考生所熟悉。4.内容：写作内容要点明确，所有考生都有话可写。但表达方式及例证随考生而定，开放的程度较大。5.概括：可以是用约30词概括全文，也可以是概括其中的某个小段落、某个人物或某个方面。2008年高考题要求概括全文内容，而2007年高考题却只要求概括小一段内容(父亲的期望)。,特别提醒：从近两年高考改卷的实情来看，对字数的要求似乎是略多一些词并不影响得分。以上两年高考题的范文都是来自考场的满分作文，2008年的有221词，2007年的有202词。因此，写作时以表达思想为主，不必拘泥于字数多少。但我们建议，在平时训练中，概括部分以2535词为宜，发表观点部分以110150词为宜。,1.七个解题步骤(1)审题，明确题目要求：通过审题明确文章主题、写作内容、主要时态和主体人称等问题。其中主体人称，就是要确定以第几人称进行写作，2007年高考中曾有相当数量的考生在这方面出错，同学们需特别注意。(2)阅读，抓住内容要点：阅读短文，找出文章的内容要点。议论文的内容要点是：论点、论据和结论。记叙文的内容要点是：时间(when)，地点(where)，什么人(who)，做了什么事(what)，结果怎么样(how)，这是记叙文的五要素。,(3)概括，转述作者观点：用自己的话转述原文内容要点。议论文用自己的话表达论点、论据和结论句；即议论文三步法：1)theme/the writers opinion 2)supporting ideas 3)conclusion记叙文用自己的话将记叙文的五要素串联起来。Who when where what how(process)why meaning(寓意）说明文 用自己的语言表达现象/问题，解决问题的方法，特点，功能；即phenomenon/problem+solutions/feature/function,(4)过渡，引出自己观点：写了摘要后，用句过渡的话，再引出自己的观点(赞成或反对)或与主题相关的观点。例如：I cant agree more with the above opinion.As a matter of fact,shopping online provides us convenience and benefits,which meets the demand of modern peoples.,议论文的过渡语表示赞同IagreewiththestatementthatI do agree with the authorI fully support the statement above because I am very sureIm for the writers idea thatI quite agree with the writers idea.I cant agree more with what the writer said.,表示不赞同I partly agree with what the writer said.In some way,I agree with,butI fell such an attitude is negative,and that it can bring Some people argue as if it is a general truth that But to be frank,I cannot agree with them.This opinion sounds right but is hardly practical.What the writer said sounds reasonable.ButI dont agree with the writers view.Im strongly against the writers idea.It is definitely not like that.As a matter of fact,表达自己观点：In my opinion,As far as I am concerned,As for me,From my personal angle aloneFrom my personal point of viewAccording to my experience,I think that,记叙文的过渡语This story reminds me of another story that happened toThis story reminds me of a similar experience of.I also went through such an experience.I have a similar experience.have a similar experience as(3)总结句开头语In conclusion,/In short,/To make a long story short,/In general,/In a word,/In belief,/On the whole,/All in all,(5)例证，论证自己观点(即拓展主题句）四种常用方法：1）列举 列举1至2或3点来说明你的主题例如：列举学校里的浪费现象We could see such kind of small things around us every day.(主题句）要点：教室时;吃饭时;吃完时For example,when we leave the classroom,we just ignore the lights and computers and leave them on;when we have dinners,we often use the throwway shopsticks and plastic bags;when we finish some drinks and food,we throw the leftover very casually(拓展主题句）,2)I think that Lora should work part-time for these reasons.,she can make pocket money to meet daily needs and thus develop a sense of independence.,she can learn how to deal with various problems in the workplace.,she can build up new friendships and improve social skills.,Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly,2）递进：not onlybut also;moreover/in addition/besides/whats more如：就“互联网给人们生活带来的影响”发表自己的观点Surfing the Internet brings people more benefits.(主题句）要点：提供最新信息；改变交流方式；网上购物，方便快捷。The Internet not only provides people with amounts of latest information,but also changes the way people communicate with eachother.Besides,the Internet enables people to go shopping at mome easily and conveniently.,2).There are many advantages of smiling.It can make us happy,please others.,4.To keep fit,we should have various healthy diets,which generally include fish,meat,vegetable,fruit main food.,not only,but also,besides/in addition to,3)对比：for one thing是正面原因；for another是反面原因.如：“你是否支持该校长体罚学生的做法”I believe the geadmaster is right to suspend（使暂时停止）those misbehaving students class.(主题句）要点：一方面，他们呆在教室会；另一方面，不呆在教室会,1）For one thing,if these misbehaving students are allowed to stay in class,they negatively affect other students learning.For another,if they are removed from the class,not only the others can learn in peace,but they also can have time to learn their lessons and then behave better when they return.（拓展句）,2）I think it is a kind or win-win activity.,I can help take care of children.,I can improve my English,make more friends and enrich my life during the summer vacation.,For one thing,For another(thing),4)类似故事或经历 故事归纳如：就“如何看待外貌”的主题发表看法What makes a person beautiful is his attractive personality rather than his physical appearance.（主题句）要点：举例，某同学In one of my previous classes,there was a beautiful girl named Lucy who had almost a perfect face and slim figure.She treated her beauty in a matter-of fact（平凡）way and she was nice to everyone.Her personality was mostly accepted by others and it made her an outstanding beauty.（拓展句）,(6)结论，注意前后呼应(7)润色，使其锦上添花：一查人称是否符合要求；二查语法方面的问题，包括用词、时态等方面的错误等；三查逻辑关系，看前后观点是否一致；三查是否使用一些较为高级的句型，如非谓语动词结构、with 短语结构、定语从句、倒装句型、恰当的连接词、短语动词等（特别提醒：此条不强求，据近两年阅读情况，只要能用简单句表达完要写的内容，就可得该题的60%，即15分，大大超过省平均分了）。,4.提高作文档次五招(1)表达精练简洁：表达不要罗嗦，若能用非谓语动词做定语或状语就不要用定语从句或状语从句。(2)避免低级错误：避免语法和拼写的低级错误，避免被扣印象分。(3)保证赏心悦目：注重字体的美化，保持卷面整洁，提高印象分。(4)句子错落有致：根据表达需要，交叉使用将长句与短句、简单句与复杂句。(5)句式多种多样：多样化句式，方能显示较强的语言功底，大大提高作文档次。,用it is/wasthat.强调句式。用作状语的介词短语开头的完全倒装句或用以only in this way等开头的部分倒装句。用with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾补)作状语。用非谓语动词简化状语从句或并列结构。用what引导的名词性从句。用独立主格结构。恰当运用感叹句、被动句等。,适当运用Iguess,however,inmyopinion,fortunately,personally等插入语。尽量用短语代替单词来表达同样的意思。恰当使用关联词语，做到过渡自然，结构紧凑，篇章连贯。(见“专题导练五”),3套用语句(1)摘要的开头语According to the passage,we knowThe writer states thatThe author thinks/argues The story/passage is aboutThe writer/author tells us about The story mainly tells us that,2.1.3.适当运用分词或介词结构,1)When she heard the news,she began to cry.（使用V-ing形式）.Hearing the news,she began to cry.2).Mr Smith was invited by Nanjing University.Mr Smith wanted to make a speech on DNA.（使用V-ed形式）.Invited by Nanjing University,Mr Smith wanted to give a lecture on DNA.,运用分词，介词短语,3).The school is surrounded by many green trees.It looks very beautiful.,The school looks very beautiful with many green trees surrounding it.,(with+复合结构）,2.2.1.适当使用一些主从复合句来代替简单句或并列句.,2).To his surprise,the little girl knows so many things.What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.,1).The meal was very nice.We all enjoyed it very much.The meal was so nice that we all enjoyed it very much.,运用主从复合句,（sothat),(what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）,2.2.2.适当打破常规，用一些倒装句，强调句，为意思的表达增添一点新意,1).He did not know what had happened until he read the news in the newspaper.It was not until he read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.Not until he read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened.,强调句，倒装句,2).You can see pandas only in China.,Only in China can you see pandas.,It is only in China that you can see pandas.,以下是参考范文,1.摆脱抑郁，积极面对人生,Get rid of depression Teenage depression is a rising problem,which will do lots of harm if not treated.From the passage,we know some symptoms of depression and advice on reducing and curing it.Now our high school students will meet more and more stress,most of which come from piles of homework,taking examinations and entering key universities.Proper stress can serve as effective motivation of study,but too much stress tends to cause depression among teenagers.,It is often reported that some high students have serious mental problems and even commit suicide because they fail to get effective psychological treatment.Since life is unlikely to be smooth,we should find our own ways to reduce our stress and get rid of depression,such as,taking physical exercise,listening to music,reading humorous stories,talking with friends and so on in our free time,for we all know that out-letting our pressure is also very important to us.,2.获得成功的必备素质,Its not so difficult to be successful In this text,the writer tells us his experience of becoming famous in the field of sports,through which he is trying to tell us that it is not so difficult to be great.Generally speaking,most of us are eager for success and greatness.However,it is up to us whether to be great or not.Great people can be found everywhere around us.If we turn to them for help modestly,they will do what they can to help us.,With the help of masters,we can avoid unnecessary mistakes and take a short cut to be successful.Besides,if we want to be great,we should spend a lot of time and energy because we cannot achieve our goal without hard work.Whats more,we should make plans and stick to them and never give it up until we become successful in our work.,3.今日事今日毕,Dont leave todays work for tomorrow The passage argues that people who lack determination leave todays work for tomorrow and they achieve little success by showing us the example that without strong will John failed to quit smoking.In my opinion,we cant leave todays work for tomorrow,because for different days we have different things to do.So if we fail to make up our mind to complete todays work and leave it for tomorrow,well gradually pile up too many things and will never get them done.,Still more,only the people without determination and will-power will find all kinds of excuses for the things they should have done today.That John found excuses for leaving quitting smoking for tomorrow and couldnt make it in the passage is a good lesson for us.In addition,leaving todays work for tomorrow is a bad habit,which will make for a persons laziness.As students,having a lot of things to learn and homework of different subjects to do every day,we cant afford to waste time,so the earlier we plan our time and get down to the work,the better results we will get.,4.依靠自己学会自立,When I was a child,I had to depend on my parents.But as time flew,I gradually made my decisions and finish work by myself.When I meet difficulties or challenges in life,I encourage myself to fight against them,not retreat.If I fail,I never give up.Some young men dont try their best to make themselves valuable to human beings.They can not gain achievements unless they see their weakness and change their course.They are nothing now,and will be nothing as long as they live,unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers,and depend on their own efforts.,Depend on yourself The author tells us that he is disappointed at peoples selfishness because they are not willing to help others.But he is sure that one must learn to depend on themselves when they are growing up.We middle school students should form the habit of depending on ourselves.Depend on yourself is what nature says to every man.Parents can help you.Teachers can help you.Others still can help you.But all these people only help you to help yourself.,5.永不放弃终会成功,Never give up!To build a considerably impossible bridge between Newyork and Long Island,John died and Washington was badly injured.But Washington tapped out his instructions with his finger on his wifes arm until the bridge was finally completed.In fact,many famous persons in the world lived through a hard time and got their achievements.We can find lots of examples in our daily life.Thomas Edison,a great inventor,achieved his success after hundreds of failures.Helen Keller,a girl who couldnt hear and see anything,made her great efforts to overcome all the difficulties she met with in her lifetime,and became a famous educator and writer.From these facts,we can learn that never giving up will bring you a great success,which John and Washington taught us.I was moved by the story,which shows that one mans spirit,and his determination should not be defeated by circumstances.Personally,I think hardships cannot defeat us if we never give up.,6.自己动手,Do it by yourself From the passage we know that do-it yourself exists commonly in our daily life.However,we can not do everything by ourselves.So we should keep the balance between cooperation and do-it-yourself.We students should form the good habit of do-it-yourself in daily life since we are children.We should do what we can on our own but not depend on others.At home I help parents with some housework,such as cleaning the house,cooking meals,washing clothes and dishes and so on.,Nevertheless,some goals can not be achieved on our own.Instead,we need help and cooperation with others to reach our goals.After all,we have the limit of time,energy and ability.As for me,we can learn to gain independence through do-it-yourself.If so,we will not attach ourselves to our parents and others.Whats more,do-it-yourself gives us more experience of doing things and learn the truth of life.,7.满怀自信，超越自我,Confidence makes no Limit Dear Tom,Today,I read a passage talking about the topic we are interested in.Lets share it.It mainly tells us a story of Ashrita,who challenges himself to his limits and sets many Guinness World Records.He draws conclusions that everyones capacity is unlimited and can do better than expected.I absolutely agree with Ashritas opinion.If we want to achieve success,what we need is selfconfidence.Instead,if you lose heart,you really cant succeed.,It reminds me of an experience in a school sports meeting.Two years ago,I took part in the 800-meter race.Because I had caught a bad cold before that,it seemed impossible for me to finish the painstaking event.But my classmates cheer encouraged me not to lose heart.I eventually rushed to the finishing line.I lost the match,but I was full of joy of fulfillment.,Its the competition that impressed me a lot.Im very grateful and excited for my perseverance.From then on,I changed much from a girl lacking confidence into the one who faces everything actively.In my opinion,giving up means losing everything.As long as you stick to your strong will and great courage,success belongs to you forever.Yours truthly Wang Hua,8.需要合作精神,Cooperation is needed everywhere The passage tells us that nowadays cooperation is needed in many fields or situations.Cooperation requires us to work together because it makes people united,make our job done easily and encourage us to face difficulties.We students need cooperation.Firstly,it can help students to complete the collective tasks efficiently.Secondly,we can help each other in the course of the task.Thirdly,we can learn from others and depend on each other if necessary.,Once I was too proud and too independent to work together with others in a proper way.But everything changed one day.There was a time when I met with a problem.I was in such trouble that I turned to one of my classmates for help.We cooperated closely and in the end we made it!It is due to cooperation.Cooperation is needed everywhere.But it does not mean depending on others when the job can be done by yourself.,9.知恩图报,Be grateful to those helping you One day,a crane thanked the young man who helped her,turning into his wife and making beautiful cloth for him to sell and get money.The tale shows that expressing ones gratitude is a lovely quality.I had such an experience of helping others.One evening,when a man was sadly walking along the street,our car passed and he stopped it and said h