《英语课文总结》PPT课件.ppt

Unit3 Text,Oceans of Sand,Talk about the desert,heatstroke,sweating,Hunting in cold desert,Shelter from snowstorm,Storing food,Brainstorming work in groups of four,discuss and write down the words or expressions that occur to you when you read the word“desert.Use the sketch below as a guide in your discussion.,sand,dry/drought,sun,hot,cold,no rain,clear sky,plants,oasis（绿洲）,pasture,animal,barren,1.Why are desert winds dry?2.Desert are very hot during the day,why are desert nights often cold?3.How plants survive in deserts?4.Where do small animals live in deserts?Why do they live there?5.Where do people live in some desert?6.How to prevent desertification?,1.Why are desert winds dry?,Some deserts are in“rain shadow”area where the winds have lost what moisture they had crossing high ground.,2.Desert are very hot during the day,why are desert nights often cold?,Because clear skies allow heat to escape into the atmosphere.,蒲公英,dandelion,3.How plants survive in deserts?,saguaro,mesquit(e),墨西哥合欢树属植物；牧豆树,Some seeds of plants lie in the ground for years waiting for the rain.Other plants store water in their leaves,stems or roots.Many close their pores during the day so they do not lose moisture.,4.Where do small animals live in deserts?Why do they live there?,They live in holes or burrows.Holes or burrows trap moisture and stay cooler than the ground above.,5.Where do people live in some desert?,around oases(fertile areas)form around wells or springs,6.How to prevent desertification,1.To plant trees and hedges(树篱：由一排密种的灌木或长得低的树形成的一道栅栏或分界线),2.To reduce the amount of animals to protect crops from grazing.,3.To build lines of stones across slopes to prevent rainwater running away and allow it to soak into the soil.,Learning new words,Look at the pictures and guess the English names.try to memorize them as many as you can,蒲公英,dandelion,dandelion,树形仙人掌,saguaro,saguaro,仙人掌,cacti(复数),cactus,Cactus has spines,墨西哥合欢树属植物；牧豆树,mesquit(e),mesquit(e),洞穴,burrow,burrow,burrow,（冷血的卵生）爬行动物,reptile,reptile,reptile,reptile,浦乳动物,mammal,mammal,mammal,sidewinder,sidewinder,sidewinder,（美国西南部产的一种）响尾蛇,沙漠中的绿洲,oasis(pl.oases),oasis,ess,es：z,lizard,lizard,lizard,蜥蜴,骆驼,camel,camel,牧场，草原,pasture,pasture,鹅卵石,pebble,pebble,沙砾,gravel,gravel,gravel,Write down the words in blanks according to the meaning,1.Not good enough to produce crops._2.That can not be predicted._3.cruel,severe _4.Obtain by pressing,crushing,boiling etc._5.(of cattle,sheep,etc.)eat growing grass _6.Sharp-pointed growth on the stem of a plant _7.suitably,justly _8.(of acids,rain,etc.)wear away,eat into _9.Member of a tribe that wanders from place to place,with no fixed home _,barren,unpredictable,harsh,extract,graze,thorn,aptly,erode,nomad,Text learningSentence understanding structureWriting skills,Oceans of Sand is a piece of exposition or expository writing.The word“exposition”comes from the past participle of the Latin word for expound.When we write an exposition,we write mainly to expound or explain.The intention or purpose of the writer of exposition(informative writing)is to inform or explain.He appeals to a readers understanding with verifiable(能证实的)facts and valid information,explaining and interpreting that material so that the reader will accept his point of view or explanation.Planning an expository composition is affected by the particular kind of exposition being planned.In general,there are three kinds:exposition that defines,exposition that informs,and exposition that explains.Often one exposition contains all three kinds,just as the case in this essay.,Introduction,The object of this essay is to tell people some information about deserts.Deserts are dry places situated near the equator.It is difficult for life to survive there owing to extreme changes in temperature and very low rainfall.However,some plants,animals and people have developed strategies for survival in the desert.,The essay is developed mainly by classification（分类）and examples.Writing a classification needs to divide or classify a subject according to a single principle,just as this essay shows,it is developed under five sub-titles:living in a desert climate,how plants survive,animal life,desert peoples,and on the move.,Examples are so important to writing that most essays use them.The examples help readers fully understand the points.Lively,specific examples also add interest to the essay.Generally speaking,the examples can vary from the anecdotal(多轶事趣闻的)material found in Bringing up Children or Etiquette to the recital 叙述of facts,statistics,and cases found in this essay.Throughout the essay,the author uses a lot of examples to illustrate the points.Each kind of example-the fact and the anecdote轶事-has its appropriate use,and both share a common function:to make abstract statements more concrete and therefore more understandable.,1 The hot,sandy places we think of when we talk about deserts are subtropical deserts.,我们谈到沙漠时，脑子里便浮现出酷热干燥、细沙遍地的亚热带沙漠。,2.They are found near the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn where the warm air which rises at the Equator sinks down again,giving a climate of clear skies and very low rainfall.,他们分布在北回归线和南回归线附近，暖气流在赤道上升下降，形成了晴朗少雨的气候。,The Sahara Desert,covering most of North Africa,is the largest desert in the world.Due to the massive size of the Sahara,Africa is split into two regions:that which lies above or forms part of the Sahara and the rest of Africa south of the Sahara.On the west,the Sahara is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and on the east by the Red Sea,and to the north are the Atlas Mountains and Mediterranean Sea.,Sahara Desert-in Africa-largest desert in the world,Precipitation(降雨量)averages less than 100 mm per year,while some areas only get rain once every two or three years.Strong winds up to 140 km/h make travel dangerous in spring and fall.Great Gobi National Park is one of the largest World Biospheres,with an area larger than Switzerland.It contains the last remaining wild Bacterian(two-humped)camels,wild ass(驴),and a small population of Gobi bears,the only desert-inhabiting bear.,The Gobi desert,one of the worlds great deserts,covers much of the southern part of Mongolia.Unlike the Sahara there are few sand dunes in the Gobi;rather youll find large barren expenses of gravel plains and rocky outcrops.The climate here is extreme.Temperatures reach+40 C.in summer,and-40 in winter.,Gobi desert-inland desert in Asia,The Atacama（阿塔卡马沙漠智利北部）is the driest place on Earth and is virtually sterile(贫瘠的)because it is blocked from moisture on both sides by the Andes mountains and by the Chilean Coast Range,the anticyclone 高气压 of the Pacific are essential to keep the climate of the Atacama dry.The average rainfall in the Chilean region of Antofagasta is just 1millimetre(0.04in)per year.Some weather stations in the Atacama have never received rain.,The driest desert-Atacama in northern Chile,next,Studies by a group of British scientists have suggested that some river beds have been dry for 120,000 years.,Evidence suggests that the Atacama may not have had any significant rainfall from 1570 to 1971.,The Taklamakan Desert(塔克拉玛干沙漠）is a desert in Central Asia,in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the Peoples Republic of China.It is bounded by the Kunlun Mountains to the south,and the Pamir Mountains and Tian Shan to the west and north.,The sandiest deserts,Taklamakan is one of the largest sandy deserts in the world,ranking 15th in size in a ranking of the worlds largest non-polar(非极地的)deserts.In recent years,the Peoples Republic of China has constructed a cross-desert highway that links the cities of Hotan(on the southern edge)and Luntai(on the northern edge),3.Wind-blown sand in the Sahara can be so fierce that it will sandblast the paint off a car or aeroplane.,撒哈拉沙漠的沙暴也非常凶猛，几乎能将一辆汽车或飞机上的油漆喷掉。,4.The aptly named sidewinder snake only touches the groun in to places.,有一种命名很贴切的响尾蛇就只用两个支撑点着地。,San people,Australian Aborigines,住在澳大利亚一些部溚辖区的土著人.仍然保存着自已的风俗习惯.围一块布或用袋鼠皮蔽体.并喜欢纹身或在身上涂抹各种颜色.平时仅在颊.肩和胸部凃上一些黄白颜色.节庆仪式或节日歌舞时彩绘全身.纹身多为粗线条.有的像雨点.有的似波纹.他们人数不多.但他们用丰富的肢体语言表达着自已对生活的热爱.对末来充满信心.,Australian Aborigines澳大利亚土著人,一些部落辖区内的土著人，仍然保护着自己的风俗习惯。他们以狩猎为生，“飞去来器”是他们独特的狩猎武器。他们大部分仍居住在用树枝和泥土搭成的窝棚里。对经过成年礼的土著人来说纹身不仅是装饰，而且还用以吸引异性的爱慕。在狂欢舞会上，人们头戴五彩装饰，身画彩纹，围着篝火跳集体舞。舞蹈纯朴，多反映狩猎生活等。,Tuareg of the Sahara,A member of a Moslem,Berber-speaking people inhabiting the western and central Sahara and western Sahel of northwest Africa.柏柏尔人：说柏柏尔语的穆斯林民族的一支，居住在撒哈拉西部和中部以及非洲西北的西撒黑尔,The scheme use knowledge and resources that are readilylocal communities.They includewind erosion.In some soak into the soil,这些项目利用当地社区现有的知识和资源，其中包括种树、扎护栅以防止牛羊啃食植被和防止风化，有些地方的人们还在山坡上垒砌石墙防止与水渗入泥土之中。,；蒲公英,dandelion,树形仙人掌,saguaro,洞穴,burrow,爬行动物,reptile,浦乳动物,mammal,响尾蛇,sidewinder,蜥蜴,lizard,牧场，草原,pasture,绿洲,oasis,赤道,equator,沙漠化,desertification,亚热带的,subtropical,1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.A,1.T 2.F3.T 4.F 5.F 6.T 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.T,Reading comprehension,Vocabulary Study,1.sank 2.clear 3.rainfall 4.drought 5.Flowering 6.loose 7.pores 8.graze 9.spine 10.trapped 11.venture 12.fertile,1.barren 2.moisture 3.distant 4.is(highly)unpredictable5.harsh 6.sharp 7.emerges 8.store 9.scheme 10.Readily 11.highly 12.traditional,iii 1.in 2.out 3.to 4.against 5.from 6.at 7.of 8.on 9.on 10.on 11.from 12.away,into 13.On 14.in 15.in,4.Ill.Cloze1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.A11.A 12.C 13.D l4.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.B,IV.Translation,2.Although the children from age 5 to 16 must go to school in Britain according to the law,about 1%of the children still can not read when they leave primary school.,1.Many studies show/indicate the desert air is so dry that it contains hardly any moisture.,3.After hearing the news,I knew that within a fortnight I should/would feel restless again.,4.To answer this question,We all agree that we must look more closely at the facts.,5.Throughout the world,governments at all levels are taking effective measures to prevent environment pollution.,6.Some people think that objective items such as multiple choices should be used for an examination;,others dont agree because they believe that this kind of test has some bad effects on students learning.,Writing practice,1.These seems to be the remarkable ways in which a successful scientist thinks and acts;through these ways,we can see the essentials of scientific attitudes.,2.In a word,city life is preferable because there are more opportunities to make success in life and work.,3.As you demonstrate these qualities,your colleagues will naturally think of you as one of their leaders,and when the time comes for promotion,you will certainly become a leader.,中级口译笔试试题,中华民族历来珍惜和平。中国的崛起，使和平的崛起，是依靠自己力量来发展自己。对外关系中，我们一贯主张以临为伴，与人为善，同各国发展友好合作关系。中国现在是，今后相当长时间内仍将是一个发展中国家。中国有13亿人口，这是最大的国情。中国国内生产总值已居全球第六位，但人均水平却排在138位。我们还面临不容忽视的失业、贫困和发展不平衡等问题。中国要赶上发达国家，还需要几代人、几十代人的艰辛努力。,中级口译笔试试题,中华民族历来珍惜和平。中国的崛起，是和平的崛起，是依靠自己力量来发展自己。,The Chinese people have always cherished peace and advocated harmony.The rise of China is the rise of peace.It relies on itself for its development.,中级口译笔试试题,对外关系中，我们一贯主张以临为伴，与人为善，同各国发展友好合作关系。,In foreign relations,we always advocatemaintaining friendly relations with our neighboring countries,helping other countries at good will,and developing friendship and cooperation with all countries.,中级口译笔试试题,中国现在是，今后相当长时间内仍将是一个发展中国家。中国有13亿人口，这是最大的国情。,China is a developing country and will remain so for many years to come.China has a population of 1.3 billion,which is the factor of our national conditions.,中级口译笔试试题,中国国内生产总值已居全球第六位，但人均水平却排在138位。,Chinas GDP already ranks the sixth in the world;however,its per capita GDP is at the 138th position.,中级口译笔试试题,我们还面临不容忽视的失业、贫困和发展不平衡等问题。中国要赶上发达国家，还需要几代人、几十代人的艰辛努力。,China is still faced with such problems as unemployment,poverty and uneven development,which we cannot afford to ignore.It calls for arduous endeavors of several and even a dozen generations for China to catch up with developed countries.,Important Words and Expressions,Important Words and Expressions,Important Words and Expressions,Important Words and Expressions,Important Words and Expressions,Important Words and Expressions,Important Words and Expressions,Sample:,