《英语所有时态》PPT课件.ppt

时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。,过去将来,He loves me.He loved me.I will love him forever.I have loved him for 6 years.I told him I had loved him for 5 years last year.I will have loved him for 7 years by the end of this year.I asked him if he would love me forever.,一般现在时,经常发生或反复发生的动作She visits her parents every day.He smokes a lot.常与表习惯的副词 always,every time,now and then(偶尔),occasionally(偶尔),often,seldom(极少),sometimes,usually等连用。,现在的情况或状态I know you are busy.He lives in a small town.永恒的真理The moon goes round the earth.Summer follows spring.,在时间，条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。We will visit the factory _.(如果明天天气好)Ill tell him about this_.(当他来的时候),when he comes,if it is fine tomorrow,少数动词(be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave等)，用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要求发生的动作。The meeting begins at ten tomorrow morning.下一班火车七点钟出发.,The next train leaves at 7:10.,现在进行时 be+ving,1 表示正在进行的动作或现阶段在持续进行未完成的动作 He is talking in class.I am reading papers right now.She is writing a report these days.,2 表示将来动作（有意图，打算之意，用于go,come,stay,leave,start,arrive，return等动词）Mike is taking an evening flight back.Theyre leaving next week.,3.某些动词的进行式与 always,often,forever(常常),constantly(经常地)连用时，表示赞叹、赞扬、抱怨、生气、不耐烦。他经常制造麻烦.他经常帮助别人.,He is always making trouble.,He is always helping others.,4 英语里一些动词不用于现在进行时：A.知觉(感光动词)See,hear,smell,taste,notice,feelB 态度和情感Believe,agree,like,hate,want,think,love,fear,wishC.表存在状态 Have,be，exist(存在)，remain，stay,D.思考理解 understand，know，believe，doubt(怀疑)，forget，remember E.占有与从属 have，possess(拥有)，own(拥有)，include,consist(包括，组成),contain(包含)，belong(属于),一般将来时 will/shall（第一人称I）do,表示将来发生的动作或状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow,next week,in a few days,next Sunday I shall/will graduate next year.He will be back in a few days.,be going to+v在口语中广泛使用你明天打算干什么?看这黑云,有一场暴风雨了.,What are you going to do tomorrow?,Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm.,be about to+v表示马上发生的事情,时间上是不明确的。例如：He was about to start.He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow,next week 等明确的时间状语连用。,一般过去时,1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：He was here just now.（刚才）I went to the cinema last night.,When we arrived there,they gave us a warm welcome.Oh,its you!Youre so beautiful that I didnt recognize you.（说话时已经知道，只是“刚才”没认出。）,2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。He used to smoke.I talked to him many times,but he just didnt listen.,现在完成时 have(has)+Ved,1)表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作和状态。通常与“for,since，so far,up to now,until now”等表时间的状语连用我在教室里坐了几个小时了.I have sat for hours in the classroom.我至今没去过欧洲.I havent been to Europe so far.,在“this is/was the first/second/third time that”句型里要求 用现在/过去完成时。（不含谓语部分）这是我第一次演讲.,This is the first time that I have given a speech.,2)表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。John has broken his left leg.I have seen the film,and dont want to see it a second time.现在完成时：动作过去发生，影响留到现在。,一般过去时与现在完成时区别,过去时是单纯叙述过去时间里发生过的事，而完成时强调该动作造成的结果，对现在有影响。I had lunch.实质含义(maybe I am hungry now)I have had lunch.实质含义(Im full and I dont want to eat anything.),两者都可以表示从过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作.,He worked in the factory for 8 years.He has worked in the factory for 8 years.,He doesnt work there now.,He is still working there now.,China will be the largest market for automobiles汽车 in 20 to 25 years if the countrys economy经济 _ to grow at the current rate.(2000A)A.continues B.has continued C.continued D.has been continued表示：时间和条件的时候经常用一般现在时表示将来时,A,Please describe exactly what(happen)_ on the campus last night.(2001A)This is the first time I(see)_ such a terrible scene.(2001B),happened,have seen,Since the introduction of the new technique,the production cost生产成本 _ greatly.(2000B)reduces降低 B.is reduced C.is reducing D.has been reduced,D,Up till now I(spend)_ a great deal of money on books.(2003B)In these 5 years,the foundation基金会(collect)_ a large amount of money.(2003B),have spent,has collected,In 2 months time he(finish)_ his training and start to work.(2000B),will finish,January 1st,1997 is the historic date when Britain(join)_ the Common Market共同市场.(2000A)Jioned是已经发生的事情了,joined,Thirty percent of Janes income收入 _ on clothing every year.(2001B)A.is spent B.is being spent C.had been spent D.has been spent,A,The Chinese people are doing things no one(do)_ so far.(2000A),This is one of the largest bridges that _ on this river.(2000B)is ever built B.has ever been builtC.was ever builtD.has ever built强调影响，所以就用现在完成时进行表示,has done,B,Most of the people who are visiting Britain _ about the food and weather there.(2002A)are always to complain B.have always complained C.always complain D.will always complain,C,I could have called you yesterday,but I _ your telephone number.(2001A)didnt have B.wont haveC.hadnt had D.wouldnt have,A,I(write)_ a book at the moment.I dont like to sit beside him,for he _ me silly愚蠢的 questions.asks B.always asked C.has asked D.is always askingAt the moment:目前，现在Just now:刚才For:表示因为不放在句首,am writing,D,过去进行时（were/was+Ving),表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。当我进来时他在看电视._ when I came in.昨天这时候我在上课._ this time yesterday.,He was watching TV,I was having class,过去完成时(had done),表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况 I had stayed in Beijing for three years by 2003.,当我去到机场时,他已经走了.When I got to the airport,_.他说他之前读过这本书.He said_.,he had already left,he had read the book before,2)动词expect,hope,mean,intend,plan,suppose,wish,want,desire等用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望，打算，意图。I had hoped to get some good sleep.I had meant to come,but something happened.,过去将来时从过去观点看将要发生的事。“would+V.”,常用于从句（尤其是宾语从句）中I knew you would agree.He told me he would wait for me outside.,将来进行时(will be doing),在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作 What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.,将来完成时(shall/will have done),表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作I shall have finished my homework by ten oclock.When the old man comes next week,his son will have left for Shanghai.,现在完成进行时(have been doing)A.表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复至今，或将继续延续至将来。We have been working on this project for over a month now.Tom has been working hard since the new term begin.,B.表示不久前刚结束的动作。Sorry!Im late.How long have you been waiting for me?Hello!At last!I have been telephoning you all the morning.注意：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。常与延续性动词连用。,By the time you get there tomorrow,they _ for Beijing.(2001B)will have left B.are leaving C.will leave D.are to leave,A,A young man stood nearby while I(read)_ the newspaper.(2000A)while：表示当。时 一定好用过去进行时。On his way home he suddenly remembered he(not lock)_ the door of the office.(2002B),was reading,hadnt locked,He said,“I _ a lot of new words by the end of last year.”(2002B)had already learnt B.would have already learnt C.have already learnt D.already learnt,A,