《英语发展史》PPT课件.ppt
,六组演讲,English,English,大六组哈哈哈！,History,Of,English,汉译英,The history of the English language really speaking from the three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain during the year fifth Century.These tribes are:the angles,the Saxons and the Jutes,who today from Denmark and northern Germany,and then crossing Beihai.At that time,the native people in England said the Celtic language.But because of the invaders,they were all driven to the West and North-mainly by Welsh,Scotland and Ireland.The angles who come from Englaland their language called Englisc(Old English)-these two words are now the predecessor of England and English.,英语起源与发展的简短介绍A brief introduction to the origin and development of English,英语真正的历史应该从公元5世纪时入侵英国的三个日耳曼部落说起.这几个部落分别是：盎格鲁人，撒克逊人和朱特人，他们从今天的德国北部和丹麦出发，然后横渡北海。那时候英国的本地居民都说凯尔特语。但由于入侵者的逼迫，他们都被赶到了西部和北部-主要是现在的威尔士，苏格兰和爱尔兰。盎格鲁人来自Englaland他们的语言称为Englisc（古英语）-这两个词就是现在England和English的前身。,日耳曼入侵者在公元5世界通过英国东海岸和南海岸进入英国。,古英语时代（450-1100AD）Old English age,用古英语写就的诗，贝奥武夫的一部分 入侵英国的这几个日耳曼部落，其语言基本相近，这些语言的融合形成了我们现在称的古语言。古英语的发音与书写与现在的英语并不一样。因此以英语为母语的人对于阅读古英语也有很大的困难。然而，现代英语最常用的词语中，大约就有一半起源于古英语。例如be,strong和water。古英语一直被使用到1100年左右。,汉译英,The invasion of the United Kingdom,the Germanic tribes,whose language is basically similar,the integration of these languages,we now call the ancient language.The pronunciation and writing of Old English is not the same as that of the present.So native English speakers have great difficulty in reading Old English.However,about half of the most commonly used words in modern English originated from ancient English.For example,be,strong and water.Old English has been used until around 1100.,中世纪英语(1100-1500)Medieval English,1066年，诺曼底（现法国的一部分）公爵威廉率兵征服了英国。征服者带来了他们的语言-一种法语，而这也成为皇室，统治阶级和商人阶级的语言。曾经一段时间，出现了以语言区分阶级的现象，下层阶级说英语，上层阶级说法语。在14世纪英语重新成为英国主流语言，但也增加了许多法语单词，这就是中世纪英语。伟大的诗人乔叟就是这种语言，但对于今天的人来说仍旧十分难懂。,乔叟著作，语言为中世纪英语,汉译英,In 1066,the Duke of Normandy(now part of France),the Duke of William,conquered Britain.The conquest brought their language-a French,which became the language of the royal family,the ruling class and the merchant class.There was a period of time,there have been the phenomenon of the language to distinguish the class,the lower class said English,the upper class to speak french.In Fourteenth Century English became the main language of the British,but also increased the number of French words,this is the middle english.The great poet Chaucer is the language,but it is still very difficult for todays people.,现代英语早期现代英语(1500-1800)Early modern English,随着中世纪英语的泯灭，发音突然发生了很大的变化（元音大推移），元音的发音越来越短。而从16世纪起英国与世界的接触多了起来，再加上文艺复兴的影响，导致越来越多的单词和短语被添加到英语中。印刷术的发明使得书面语流行起来。书变得越来越便宜，更多的人开始学习阅读。拼写和语法变得越来越固定，而由于伦敦市大多数出版社的所在，伦敦方言就变成了标准语言。1604年第一部英文词典出版了。,莎士比亚用早期现代英语写就的哈姆雷特中的著名语句“To be,or not to be”,晚期现代英语(1800-Present)Advanced modern English,早期现代英语与晚期现代英语的主要区别是词汇。晚期现代英语增加了许多词汇，这主要有两个因素：首先，工业革命的出现需要更多的新词；其次，英帝国在其鼎盛时期覆盖了地球大约四分之一的面积，英语也许多其他国家吸收了很多新词。,谢谢观赏感谢来自大六组Thanks for watching,
