《定语从句专讲》PPT课件.ppt

定语从句专讲,学习定语从句的关键是如何选择关联词。关联词在句中作状语就应使用关系副词.(where,when,why等。)否则使用关系代词(who,whom,whose,which,that等。)二、由who,whom,whose引导的定语从句：(who作主语，whom作宾语，whose用作定语，同时whose还可以指物，相当于of which。)e.g.:This is the doctor who saved the babys life.He is the student whom the teacher praised at the meeting.,一、在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。需要学习和掌握的定语从句有以下三种：由关系代词或关系副词引导的定语从句。由介词+which引导的定语从句。非限制性定语从句。,1.I know the girl whose mother died a year ago.2.Have you seen the notebook whose cover is black?三、由which引导的定语从句：(which在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾 语。)E.g.1.This is the store which opens all night.2.This is the pen which my brother bought for me.3.Is this the House in which Lu X un once lived?(or Is this the house which Lu X un once lived in?)4.This is the magazine which you are looking for.,Notes:which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词一般可置 关系代词之前或放在从句原来的位置。但在含有介词的动词固定短语中介词只能放在原来的位置上，而不能放在 which之前，如例4则不能改为This is the magazine for which you are looking.3.He lives in a room whose window opens to the south.,四由that引导的定语从句,可以指人或物，代替who,whom,which.1.在定语从句中that在从句中作主语、宾语，但不能放在介词后作介词宾语：、,E.g.:1.This is the photo(that/which)I took in Beijing last year.2.This is the man(that/who)lives next door.3.Is this the professor that you talked about yesterday?(about不能放在that前面。),但下列情况只能用that。1.序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时用that。,E.g.:1.This is one of the best novels that I have ever read.2.The first English song that I learned was ABC song.2.All much,everything,nothing,something,anything作先行词时用that.(但先行词是everybody,everyone时应用who,one指人时也用who。）,E.g.:1.Everything that we saw at the exhibition greatlyinterested us.2.Is there anything that belongs to you?3.All that we need is more time.4.Nothing that the parents do does nt influence their children.3.先行词为any、no、only、very等修饰时用that。,E.g.:1.That is the only way that we can find at present.2.This is the twelfth letter that she has received from him.3.This is the very museum that we visited for the first time.4.that可以用来引导限制性定语从句，当它在从句中作介宾时，介词应后移。,E.g.:This is the good student that the teachers talked about just now.5.先行词既指人又指物的并列名词时，用that.,E.g.:My mother and her old friends talked of the things and persons that they remembered in the school.非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句对先行词起限制作用，而非限制性定语从句是对概 念清楚的先行词加以追加阐述或补充说明,1.非限制性定语从句一般用which/who引导而不用that或what引导，作宾语的关系代词不能省略，从句与主句用逗号分开,E.g.:1.Yesterday I saw your brother,who told me the good news of your mothers recovery from her illness.2.I went to see their new house,which I liked very much.,3.She has two brothers,who are both doctors.4.Last Saturday they reached Shanghai,where a meetingis to be held.2.在非限制性定语从句中as与which可以在整个主句作为其先行词指代上面或下面说的一件事，其区别如下：1.a.从意义上来看which(=and this/that)可以译为“这/那”as(=in accordance with what)译为“正如、象”。,He is a teacher,which(=as)is clear from his manner或He is a teacher,as(=which)can be seen from his manner.The student forgot to bring his dictionary,as is oftenthe case.（此句中as不能用which代。）,2 b.从as,which在非限制性定语从句中的位置和作用来看as引导的从句可置于主句之前，亦可置于主句之后，which一般置于主句之后。,E.g.:1.This poem is written by Scott,as almost everybody knows.or:This poem,which almost everybody knows,is written by Scott.2.Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth,as we have seen.or:As is well-known to us all,oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.但不可译为：Which is well-know to us all,oceans cover morethan 70 percent of the earth.,一.用适当的关系代词或关系副词：1.Yesterday I met doctor Wang _told me the good news of his sons passing the examination.2.The two pupils_ you taught three yeas ago have become teachers.3.He began to work in Beijing in the year_ New China is founded.4.I dont know the reason_ she did nt agree to our plan.5.This is a soldier_ died in the war of Resistance,Who,that,Who/that/whom,when,why,Who/that,6.He told everything _he had seen in the traffic accident.7.This was the best model of the TV set_ the factoryproduced last year.8.They have visited the Museum of Chinese History _Premier z h o u s life and deeds are being shown.9.Alice,_dress is all red,looks very pretty.10.The first thing _I am going to do this evening is to write a report about the experiment.,that,that,where,whose,that,