《策划学生双语报》PPT课件.ppt

策划：学生双语报,1,情态动词(一）,modal verb,Grammar(32ms),策划：学生双语报,2,情态动词有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,ought to，must可情态可实义的need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的have to,used to,策划：学生双语报,3,Must,can/could,may/might 的用法,must,1.Must 表示推测时，只能用于肯定句。,这个电脑肯定出了问题。,There must be something wrong with the computer.,你努力学了一整天，一定累了吧,You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.,注意：Must用于肯定句中可表示“偏偏”。Naturally,after I told her what to do,my daughter must go and do the opposite.自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要做相反的事情,策划：学生双语报,4,2.Must+be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测,他现在一定在看小说,He must be reading novels now.,他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱,They have bought a new car.They must have a lot of money.,策划：学生双语报,5,3.Must+have done 表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断,他们在玩篮球，他们一定完成了作业。,They are playing basketball,they must have finished their homework.,路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。,The road is wet.It must have rained last night.,策划：学生双语报,6,can,could 和be able to的用法,She can/be able to sing the song in English.This machine can make you feel comfortable.,1.can,be able to都可表示“能力”,Can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人,Well be able to finish the work soon.I havent been able to see the film.,2.can只用于现在时和过去时(could)。beableto可以用于各种时态。,could用于表示泛指过去的能力。如：IcouldreadwhenIwasfour.,策划：学生双语报,7,Although the soldier was badly wounded,he was able to tell what had happened.,3.表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/wereableto，不能用could。,HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.Hewasabletoswimbeforehegottired.,表示过去的能力,策划：学生双语报,8,can/could,1.can/could 表示推测时，只能用在否定句或疑问句中。,Its so late.Can Tom be reading?,Can it be Mr.Green?,这个人不可能是玛丽，她生病了。,It cant be Mary.She has fallen ill.,她不可能在说谎。,She couldnt be telling lies.,策划：学生双语报,9,在疑问句中 Could 比can 更有礼貌，在此不是can的过去式。Can you wait a moment please?Liz,can you do me a favor?Excuse me,could you tell me the way to the station?I wonder if you could help me.(请求),策划：学生双语报,10,2.can/could have done 对过去发生行为的可能性进行推测:,刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的。,I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.,门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。,The door was locked.,She couldnt have been at home.,策划：学生双语报,11,3.can/could have done“本可以，本来可能已经”用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断，,你本来可以考的更好。,You could have had a better mark.,may/might,1.May/might表示推测时，只能用于陈述句，表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。,她们明天可能会到这里来。,They may come here tomorrow.,策划：学生双语报,12,他们可能还在等我们呢。,They may be still waiting for us.,2.might 可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小。,他也许在作功课吧。,He might be doing his homework now.,我问他我是否可以离开。,I asked him if I might leave.,I asked him“May I leave now?”,策划：学生双语报,13,3.might/may have done,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测，,他可能去医务室了。,He may have gone to the clinic.,他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。,He might have read about the news in the newspaper.,策划：学生双语报,14,4）May 表示许可，表示允许别人做某事，也可征求对方的许可。May I open the door?We may keep the book for two weeks.5）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!May you have a nice trip!,策划：学生双语报,15,Will/Would you do?(表请求would 更委婉)表意志，愿望，决心would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向“总是,总要”used to表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯）“过去常常”used to 可于状态动词连用would不可以eg.He used to be a quiet boy.()He would be a quiet boy.(),will/would,策划：学生双语报,16,Shall/should,1.shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。1)You shall go with me.(命令)2)You shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)3)He shall be punished.(威胁)2.shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。4)Shall we begin our class?（征求意见）5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(请示)3.用于条约，规定，规章等文件中，表示一种义务，多用于第三人称中。6)“The interest _be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides.”declared the judge.A.may B.should C.must D.shall,策划：学生双语报,17,a.should 用于表达合理推断。It is three oclock,the football game should begin now.Mary took dancing lessons for years,she should be an excellent dancer.,2.should 的用法,注意：should可表示“居然，竟然”。I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。,策划：学生双语报,18,Young people should learn how to use computers.Every citizen ought to obey law.You ought not to go.,3.should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与ought to意义相近，但ought to多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。,策划：学生双语报,19,You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier.She shouldnt have left without saying a word.,4.should/ought to have done表示责备或批评,意为“本应该做到但没有做到”,用于否定则表示“本不该但”ought to的语气更强烈.,策划：学生双语报,20,must 和haveto,1.Must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用neednt或dont have to，做“不必”,mustnt表示“禁止，不允许”,MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime?,Yes,you must.No,youneednt.,Youmustntgetdownwhilethecarisstill moving.,策划：学生双语报,21,I dont like this TV set.We must buy a new one.There was no more bus.They had to walk home.,2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must和haveto稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，haveto强调客观需要。另外，haveto能用于更多时态。,策划：学生双语报,22,need/darea.need 表需要和必须常用于否定句和疑问句,neednt have done“本不必做”b.dare 表敢,常用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中。c.dare与need 用做实意动词时有时态，人称和数的变化,但dare用于否定句和疑问句时常接不带to的不定式,need后要接带to的不定式。,策划：学生双语报,23,Complete the following sentences with proper modal verbs.1)Youve been working all day.You _ be very tired.2)(The door bell rings)I wonder who that is,it_ be Lisa.Shes still in the library at this time.3)It is a long time since we met last time.You _ come and see us more often.4)I havent decided where Im going for my holidays.I _ go to Australia.5)My fathers birthday is coming.What _ I get him?6)Why dont you try on this dress?It_ look nice on you.7)“Who was the man talking with your teacher?”“Im not sure.It _ be her brother.8)I dont know when the guests _ be here.They _ arrive at any time.,must,cant,should,may,shall,will,might,will,could,策划：学生双语报,24,1.I dont know where she is,she _ be in Wuhan.2.At this moment,our teacher _ our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.The road is wet.It _ last night.(rain)4.Your mother _ for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,策划：学生双语报,25,5.Philip _ seriously in the car accident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is still here.-She _(go)by bus.7.Mike _ his car,for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。,may(might)have been hurt,may(might)have gone,cant have found,策划：学生双语报,26,Practice 2:表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,1.You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here.2.He must have known what we wanted.3.We may have read the same report.4.He cant have slept through all that noise.5.Theres someone outside-who can it be?6.What can they be doing?7.These pills might help to cure your disease.8.You could be right,I suppose.,策划：学生双语报,27,Take a break,策划：学生双语报,28,情态动词（二）,modal verb,Grammar(33ms),策划：学生双语报,29,should&ought to,Should&ought to含义相近，都可表“责任，义务”常可互换。区别在于，ought to常指特殊情况下的“应当”。Should则指一般情况。见下页例句。Should 可指“竟然”讲,You ought to help him because he is in trouble now.(语气强，有命令意味。)You should have a rest after finishing your sports.（一般性建议）You ought to call the police when you find something wrong in your house.He should take care of the babies tonight.,策划：学生双语报,30,ought to 的否定式：He oughtnt to do it.ought to 的疑问句：Ought we to do it at once?反意疑问句里：He ought to be here,oughtnt he?或ought to 表应该，ought to 语气should shouldnt he?,I m surprised that he should eat so little every.,策划：学生双语报,31,have to,have to 表示客观需要去做的事情，意为“必须，不得不。”I have to get the station early to catch the first train.We missed the bus so we had to walk home.We have to overcome all kinds of difficulties.,策划：学生双语报,32,Have to 有多种时态。常见的有：一般将来时，We will have to gather at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.一般现在时I have to take more money with me because my wife has so much to buy.一般过去时Finally,we had to give up our idea to hold a picnic outside as it rained for a whole afternoon.,have to（考点）,策划：学生双语报,33,shall用于第一，三人称疑问句，征求意见或请求 shall 第二，三人称 陈述句,命令,警告,允诺,威胁,shall,should&ought to,策划：学生双语报,34,Need I do?Yes,you must.No,you neednt.,dare&need,策划：学生双语报,35,Must they do?Yes,they must.No,they neednt/dont have to.,must&have to,策划：学生双语报,36,must表主观意志，而have to表由于客观因素不得不做完成的事情。Must没有过去式，除在间接引语中可表示过去的时间。在直接引语中表示过去的时间用had to代替。I told her that she must give up smoking.She said,“We had to get everything ready that night.”,比较must&have to,策划：学生双语报,37,注意对need问句的回答:-Need I finish the work today?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.,you must,you neednt,you dont have to,策划：学生双语报,38,neednt 对其它情态动词的回答:-Shall I tell John about it?-No,you _.-Must we do it now?-No,you _.,neednt(dont have to),neednt(dont have to),策划：学生双语报,39,Could I borrow your dictionary?(委婉)-Yes，you can/may.Sure.Go ahead.Please yourself.May I take this seat?(第一人称疑问句)Yes,you may.No,you mustnt.,策划：学生双语报,40,Practice 1:高考考题专练1.I thought you _like something to read,so I have brought you some books.A.may B.might C.would D.must 2.Where is my pen?I _it.A.might lose B.would have lost C.should have lost D.must have lost3.I didnt hear the phone.I _asleep A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have been,B,D,B,策划：学生双语报,41,4.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journey A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.couldnt have been 5.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _be here at any moment.A.must B.need C.should D.could,D,C,策划：学生双语报,42,情态动词考题:,1.-Did the train arrive in time?-No.It _ two hours ago.A.must have arrived B.ought to have arrivedC.must arrive D.ought to arrive2.Must I drive to his house and pick up the children?No,.A.you shouldntB.you might not C.you neednt D.you mustnt,B,C,策划：学生双语报,43,3.We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday.He it.A.mustnt have attended B.cannot have attended C.neednt have attended D.would have not attended,B,策划：学生双语报,44,4.You _ such a long composition.The teacher only asked for 300 words.You have written 600.A.mustnt have written B.couldnt have written C.neednt have written D.do not have to write,C,策划：学生双语报,45,5.There is someone knocking at the door.it be Tom?A.can B.must C.should D.ought to6.Two years ago,my husband bought me a bicycle.If you live in town,it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking.A.must notB.may not C.should notD.dont have to,A,D,策划：学生双语报,46,He must be reading,isnt he?You must do it yourself,dont you?He must have gone over the article,hasnt he?It must have rained last night,didnt it?,表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成,策划：学生双语报,47,1.Judging from his accident,he must be from the south,2.Tom bought a lot of apples.He must like eating apples,3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off.They must be sleeping now,isnt,he?,didnt he?,arent they?,因must后是实意动词like,因must后是系动词 be,must后接的是be sleeping，是对正在进行的情况推测,策划：学生双语报,48,1.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term,hadnt we?,3.He must have gone to Beijing,didnt it?,hasnt he?,若句中含有过去完成时的时间状语，用过去完成时完成反意疑问句,若句中含有过去的时间状语，用一般过去时完成反意疑问句,若句中不含任何时间状语，用现在完成时完成反意疑问句,2.It must have rained last night,for the road was very muddy，,策划：学生双语报,49,Must+have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定作了某事”。,1.It must have rained last night,for the road was very muddy.昨晚 一定是下雨了，因为地上很泥泞。2.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term.到上学期为止我们一定学了有两千个单词。3.He must have gone to Beijing.他一定已经去北京了。,策划：学生双语报,50,can/could+have done表示对过去的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。,1.Can they have won the basketball match?他们可能赢了篮球赛吗？2.It couldnt have been Mr.Green.He has gone to New York.那不可能是格林先生的，他已经去北京了。,策划：学生双语报,51,may/might+have done表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意为“也许/或许已经”。一般只用于肯定句和否定句中，不用与疑问句。might比may更委婉、含蓄和不肯定。,1.Its too late.I think he may have gone to bed.太晚了，我想他可能已经睡觉了。2.He may/might not have finished the work.他可能没有完成工作。,策划：学生双语报,52,巩 固 练 习,1.-What _ it be?-It _ be a mail box,for it is moving.It _ be a car.A.can;cant;must B.can;can;must C.can;mustnt;must D.must;mustnt can 2.-Isnt that Anns husband over there?-No.it _ be him-Im sure he doesnt wear glasses.A.cant B.must not C.wont D,may not3.-When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They _ be ready by 12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.need4.-are you coming to Jeffs party?-Im not sure.I _ go to the concert instead.A.must B.would C.should D.might,A,A,B,D,策划：学生双语报,53,5.-You may laugh,but Ive been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.-Oh,you _ be out of your mind.You will be hungry all the time.A.will B.may C.must D.should6.-I wonder why they are late?-They _ the train.cant have missed B.could missC.must have missed D.might miss7.-Show me your permit,please!-Oh,its not in my pocket.It _.A.might fall out B.could fall out C.should have fallen out D.must have fallen out,C,C,D,策划：学生双语报,54,7.-Has Mike started?He said he would join in the party.-He _.He is a man of keeping his word.A.could have left B.must have leftC.cant come D.wont be coming8.Everything has two sides.Beautiful songs,sometimes,_ be just noise to others.must B.may C.should D.could 9.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _ a comfortable journey.A.cant be B.mustnt have been C.should be D.couldnt have been 10.Chinese must have the largest number of speakers,_.A.mustnt they B.havent they C.dont they D.didnt they,B,B,D,C,策划：学生双语报,55,could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本来能够而没能”，具有婉转的批评和责备之意。,1.I could have passed my exam easily,but I made too many stupid mistakes.我本来能够轻易通过考试，但我犯了太多不该 犯的错误。2.You could have reported to me earlier.你本该早点告诉我的。,策划：学生双语报,56,should/ought to+have done用于肯定句时，表示“本该做某事而实际上没做”，用于否定句时，则表示“不该做的事反而做了”。,1.You should have told him a week ago.你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。2.You ought not to have taken the magazine out of the reading room.他不该、把杂志带出阅览室的。,策划：学生双语报,57,might（不用may）+have done表示“本来可能”，但实际上没有发生的事。另外，还可表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意，含有轻微的责备语气。,1.You might not have told her.你本可以不告诉他的。（事实上你告诉他了）2.You might have come earlier.你本可以早点来的。（但没有这样）,策划：学生双语报,58,neednt+have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。,1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday.昨天她本不必到火车站去的.（昨天她去了）2.You neednt have bought it.你本可不必买它的。（你买了）,策划：学生双语报,59,巩 固 练 习,1.Oh,Im not feeling well in the stomach.I _ so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldnt eat B.shouldnt have eaten C.mustnt eat D.mustnt have eaten2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet?-She _ again in the morning?A.shouldnt have overslept B.may have turned off the alarm clockC.must have no one t o call herD.should have someone to wake her up3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday?-No.We _,but we decided not to.A.should have gone B.could go C.should go D.could have gone,B,B,A,策划：学生双语报,60,4.As it turned out to be a small house party,we _ so formally.neednt dress B.didnt have to dress upC.Might not have dressed up D.neednt have dressed up5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher.In my opinion,you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating.must have done B.might have done C.should have done D.could have done,D,C,策划：学生双语报,61,