《托福口语》PPT课件.ppt

Information on the Speaking Section,1.Types of Speaking Tasks 2 Independent Tasks(preparation:15sec./response:45sec.)(1)1 Personal Experience-This task will ask you to speak about something that is familiar to you,you need to describe it and give some reasons to defend response.(2)1 Personal Choice/Opinion-This task will ask you to make and defend a personal choice between two possible opinions,actions,or situations.You should justify your choice with reasons and details.,2 integrated Tasks:Read-Listen-Speak(Preparation:30sec./response:60sec.)(1)1 Campus situation topic-reading 75100words(45sec.)conversation 150180words(6080sec.)-This task will ask you to response to a question based on what you have read and heard.You will first read a short passage presenting a campus-related issue and will then listen to a dialogue on the same topic.Then,you will be asked to summarize one speakers opinion within the context of the reading passage.You should be careful not to express your own opinion in your response.,Information on the Speaking Section,Information on the Speaking Section,(2)1 Academic course topic-reading:75100words(45sec.)lecture:150220words(6090sec.)-This task also asks you to respond a question based on what you have read and heard.You will first read a short passage about an academic subject and then will listen to an expert from a lecture on that subject.Then,you will be asked to combine and convey important information from both the reading passage and the lecture.,2 Integrated Tasks:Listen-Speak(preparation:20sec./response:60sec.)(1)1 Campus situation topic-conversation:180220words(6090sec.)-In this task,you will first listen to a conversation about a student related problem and two possible solutions.Then,you will be asked to describe the problem,choose a referred solution,and explain why you have chosen that solution.(2)1 Academic course topic-lecture:230280(90129sec.)-In this task,you will first listen to an expert from a lecture that explain a term or concept and gives some examples to illustrate it.Then,you will be asked to summarize the lecture and explain how the examples are connected with the overall topic.,Information on the Speaking Section,Information on the Speaking Section,2.Important Features of Evaluation(1)DeliveryYou should speak smoothly and clearly,have good pronunciation,pace yourself naturally,and have natural-sounding intonation patterns.(2)Language UseYou should be able to use both basic and more complex language structures and choose the appropriate words.(3)Topic DevelopmentYou should make sure that the relationship between your ideas and your progression from one idea to the next is clear and easy to follow.,连接词(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：eitheror，neithernor,or,as well as,and,bothand(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore,so,as a result,as the result of，because of,due to,owing to,thanks to等。(3)表时间顺序的连接词：the moment,as soon as,at first,then,later,meanwhile,at the beginning,in the end,before long,for the first(second)time等。(4)表转折关系的连接词：yet,and yet,but,while,on the contrary,on the other hand,however,at the same time(然而)等。(5)表解释说明的连接词：that is,that is to say,in other words,such as,for instance,and so on,etc.and the like等。(6)表递进关系的连接词：not onlybut(also),what，s more,whats worse,besides,in addition,worse still,moreover,above all等。(7)表示总结的连接词：in a word,on the whole,in short,briefly,in brief,to sum up,in all等。,Pronounciation Skills,五大发音要点一，长元音和双元音饱满二，短元音急促有力三，连读四，略读五，咬舌头,长元音：/a:/i:/:/u:/:/双元音：/ei/ai/i/au/u/i/e/u/1,Mike likes to write by the nice bright light ay night.2,Macao came back to China in 1999.3,I like the shape of the mountain.短元音：/e/i/u/1,Jim must study a little bit more.2,Lets get together again.,Pronounciation Skills,Pronounciation Skills,连读(1)“辅音+元音”型连读 如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglish boy.Itisanold book.Let me havea lookatit.Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday.I calledyou halfanhourago.Putiton,please.Notatall.Please pickitup.,(2)“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。Theyre my fatherand mother.I looked forit hereand there.Thereis a football underit.Hereis a letter for you.But whereis my cup?Whereare your brotherand sister。但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）,Pronounciation Skills,Pronounciation Skills,(3)相同辅音连读两个相同辅音连读，该辅音只发一次，且音值略延长Big girl 大女孩 Take care 小心 Like kidding 喜欢开玩笑 Old days 旧时光(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。Iam Chinese.Heis very friendly to me.She wants to studyEnglish.Howand why did you come here?She cant carryit.,略读爆破音/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/之后如果没有元音，那么这些爆破音会失去爆破，只能感觉到气流的停顿，也就是气压差的感觉Big big world大大的世界 Lap top手提电脑Get mad生气 Bank teller 银行出纳咬舌头1，There are thirty three thousand three hundred and thirty three feathers on that thrushs throat.2，Neither father nor mother likes the weather.3,Something is better than nothing.4,Father and mother went through thick and thin.,Pronounciation Skills,Independent Tasks,1,尽量实物化,最好有数字和时间等量化的东西,越具体越详细越好.2,口语要靠平时多练,在生活中,也可以给自己提问题,然后尝试着用英文回答.3,口语中尽量使用简单词汇.Structure:Topic(opinion)Idea-details(with example)Reasons Idea-details(with example)Ending,Independent Tasks,State Your Opinion1,I think/believe/feel(that)S+V我认为，我相信，我感到I think the most important quality of a good friend is trustworthiness.2,In my opinion,S+V我认为，依我看In my opinion,the most important invention in the 20thcentury was the computer.3,Based on my experience,S+V以我的经验看Based on my experience,history was one of the most valuable classes.4,As far as I am concerned,S+V就我而言.As far as I am concerned,the subway is the most convenient method if transportation.,Independent Tasks,5,To me,the mostis对我来说，最的是To me,the most memorable book is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain.6,I considerto be the most我认为是最I consider Paris to be the most attractive city Ive ever been to.7,TheI like most is我最喜欢的是The board game I like most is Monopoly.8,When it comes toS+V当谈到说到When it comes to my favorite public place,I enjoy going to the National Museum.,Independent Tasks,Giving Reasons1,What I like aboutis that S+V我喜欢的原因是What I like about my math teacher is that he has a great sense of humor.2,There are several reasons why S+V有几个原因There are several reasons why I admire Mother Teresa.3,One reason why S+V is that S+V,Another reason is that S+V的一个原因是,另一个原因是One reason why I like amusement parks is that I can enjoy various kinds of rides there.Another reason is that I can watch fantastic performances and parades.,Giving Supporting Details(1)Giving ExamplesFor example/instance,S+V例如My teacher is a very organized person.For example,his desk is always neat and clean.Such as比如，像 I want to learn some practical skills,such as cooking,driving,and computer programming.(2)ClarifyingIn other words,S+V换言之 Im a night person.In other words,Im more efficient when studying at night than in the morning.I mean S+V我的意思是说I admire firefighters but dont want to be one myself,I mean their job is too dangerous.,Task1 Personal Experience1,地点类(place)ex:Describe your favorite place in the city and explain whyyou like this place.2,事件类(event or activity)ex:Describe the most important decision you have made inyour life.(3)人物类(person)ex:Describe your favorite teacher and explain how this teacherinfluenced you.(4)物体类(objects)ex:Describe the best/worst invention in the 20th century andexplain how it affects your life.,Independent Tasks,Independent Tasks,一，地点类地点类型思路：Setting，Price and service,Location(convenience),Features,History,My own feeling常考题目：1，Describe a place that you like best in your city.Please state why you like it with specific examples and details.2，When you are together with your friends,which place would you like to go?Explain why.3，Describe a public area that you visit frequently.Please state why you visit it frequently and include specific examples and details in your explanation.,Independent Tasks,4，Describe a school that you have attended.5，Describe your favorite room.Your statement should include specific examples and details.6.When you choose to eat at the restaurant or caf,what are the features that you care about most?Explain why.可选场景：Place:library/park/restaurant/school/shopping mall,Independent Tasks,Topic Sentence:choose a place you like1，Well,off the top of my head,I am going to describe to you is the XXX I frequently visit.2,Here in this city,I have a lot of/a load of/a bunch of places to go for relaxing myself,but if I have time for one of them,Id like to go to the XXX.3,I have been to more than a dozen/a handful of XXX,and find them just about the same with one another after all,you should definitely consider going to XXX,for itll bring you a totally different experience.,Independent Tasks,Supporting Sentence:1,客观描述地址：1，Let me tell you what,XXX is just a stones throw from my place,so I can just walk there any time of the day,without any concern of the traffic jam.2，XXX is accessible by several bus and subway lines,and hence can be reached within half an hour from any part of the town,even during rush hour.3，When I go to XXX,I am amused to find that everything you need is close at hand and whats more,I can walk around and find public transportation to all directions,wherever I wanna go as my“next stop”,Independent Tasks,环境:1,At the sight of XXX,all my sense will be brightened in an instant,it makes me long for a lifetime at this beautiful place.2,XXX has a charming setting,with beautiful pictures on all of the walls,reflecting the superb taste of its overall decoration,highlighted by furniture of new age style.历史：1,The building was constructed in the year 1981,right after the Economic Reform and Opening-up launched nationwide.It marks the beginning of a new era for China.2,The predecessor of this place was a private garden in the Tang Dynasty,which at that time was exclusive to the wealthy.,Independent Tasks,价格，服务:1,The price of XXX is very reasonable,and the staff there provides well-rounded service to all customers.2,With affordable prices that is rare among such top-ranking XXX,it sometimes surprises customers with the superb quality of their service.3,While I feel delighted to see an inexpensive bill for things at XXX,I also appreciate the friendly and helpful staffs there,who have been well trained to make me feel at home.,Independent Tasks,特色（重点，在此添加个人经历，主观评价）1,This library is actually the largest library in the city.(图书馆)2,Aside from gardens,I can enjoy the greenhouse in the xxxPark,making it a real treat not only for nature lovers,but also for plants lovers.（公园）3,While waiting for the meal to be served,I can take some time to enjoy the Jazz performance provided by the xxxRestaurant.（餐厅）4,it is rated by local magazines as one of the most renowned school of not only our city,but the entire region.（学校）5,Here in xxxShopping mall,there simply isnt a kind of style that I cannot find,as far as I can name it.Sometimes you can even find nameless kinds of brands,challenging your horizon of knowledge in fashion.（商场）,Independent Tasks,2，主观感受（个人经历）（共性）1，increase our knowledge,broaden our horizon（增长知识，开阔眼界）2，relax our body and mind,enjoy our life(放松身心，享受生活)（个性）Once I found the book I always want to have,met a famous writer in the book signings.（图书馆）Once celebrated my birthday with my fiends,our teacher gave us a wonderful Biology class here.(公园),Independent Tasks,They serve virtually all kinds of food,from sea food to curry and from SiChuan dishes to Barbecue,satisfied all my need,and I have tasted a dish once from a TV program Ive watched.（餐厅）Teachers here are very responsible and friendly,they can help me solve a lot of questions,and become a good sister or brother.（学校）Here in xxxShopping mall,there simply isnt a kind of style that I cannot find,as far as I can name it.Sometimes you can even find nameless kinds of brands,challenging your horizon of knowledge in fashion.（商场）,Independent Tasks,二，人物类人物类型思路：Appearance,Personality,Hobbies,Past experience,Relationship with others,My own feeling1，Describe the characteristics of a good teacher.Please state with specific examples and details.2，Who is the person you admire the most?Please give specific details and examples in your explanation.3，Describe the characteristics of friends,use specific examples to support your statement.4，What do you think are the characteristics of a good parent?5，What kind of qualities should a good leader possess？Please state your opinion and give specific details and examples in your explanation.,可选人物：People:parents/teacher/friend/leaderTopic Sentence:choose a person you like1,Talking about the person who influenced me a lot,Id like to tell you that2,Well,as far as I am concerned,people should have such good characteristic as follows:3,If you are asking me who is the one that I admire most,I have to give you his/her nameXXX,who is the,Independent Tasks,Independent Tasks,Supporting Sentence:客观描述外貌(次要)1，Well,by the first sight,you will feel his/her professionalism reflected by the way he/she dress,especially the dark blue color that is his/her favorite whether for top or for pants/skirt.2，He/she looks a quite a bit younger than his/her actual age,more like an elder brother/sister.,内在性格(主要)朋友：Reliable，A friend indeed is a friend in need 教师：cultivate and inspire originality and1,Responsibility creativity in students 领导：principled and disciplined 家长：role model,unconditional support,stand by me,Independent Tasks,Independent Tasks,朋友：Help and encourage you when you are in trouble 2,Ability 教师：A good professional knowledge base 领导：Good people management and communication skills 家长：good communicator，patience3,Humorous4,Easy-going,warm-hearted,Independent Tasks,2,主观感受（例证）（共性）feel love 感受到爱learn a lot from them 学会了更多teach me to grow 教会我成长（个性）朋友：They can be my friends in sunshine and in shade,care for me even when the times are bad and even more when the times are great.教师：Teachers should never lose their patience in class when students ask questions repeatedly.A teacher should explain each and every aspect of the topic in the easiest way.,Independent Tasks,领导：A good leader should be highly organized and efficient,energetic and strong career-ambition家长：Never composes me a lot of pressures so that I can choose to learn whatever Im interested in.描述人物性格，外貌可选词汇：optimistic(adj.)积极乐观的 pessimistic(adj.)消极悲观的out-going(adj.)外向的，喜好交际的extroverted(adj.)活泼愉快的kind(adj.)和气的 generous(adj.)慷慨的reliable(adj.)可靠的 friendly(adj.)友善的quiet(adj.)娴静的 shy(adj.)羞涩的 patient(adj.)耐心的diligent(adj.)勤勉的 conservative(adj.)保守的,Independent Tasks,三，物品类物品类型思路：（How I got it）,Exterior,Function,Role in my life,My own feeling常考题目：1,Describe a book that you believe is the most useful to you.Please explain the reason and include specific examples and details in your explanation.2,Describe the most efficient transportation in your country.Please state your reason and include specific examples and details in your explanation.3,Describe one of the most important inventions in recent 100 years.Explain why it is so important.Your explanation should include specific