《小升初总复习》PPT课件.ppt

小升初总复习,作者：Emily,2,专题一 字母 一、概述 英语中有26个字母。其中有5个元音字母和剩余的20个辅音字母。Y y 为半元音字母,有时用作元音字母,有时用作辅音字母。小热身:1.按顺序默写出26个字母的大小写,并画出元音字母和半元音字母.2.根据你所掌握的字母知识,完成下列各题。(1)六个两笔完成的小写字母是 _，i,j,_,_,x(2)五个元音字母的大小写形式是 _,Ee,_,_,_(3)六个三笔完成的大写字母是 _,E,_,H,I,_ 字母大小写及读音 A a/ei/G g/d i:/M m/em/S s/es/Y y/wai/B b/bi:/H h/eit/N n/en/T t/ti:/Z z/zed/C c/si:/I I/ai/O o/U u/ju:/D d/di:/J j/dei/P p/pi:/V v/vi:/E e/i:/K k/kei/Q q/kju:/W w/dblju:/F f/ef/L l/el/R r/:/X x/eks/,3,二、字母的大写 英文句中首单词首字母要大写。例:How are you?人名中名和姓的首字母要大写。例:Jim Green,Wang Yadan 国名、城市名的首字母要大写。例:China,Zhengzhou 语言及民族首字母要大写。例:English,Chinese 职务或称呼的首字母要大写。例:Dr Wang,Miss Li 专用名词的首字母要大写。例:Class Two,Grade Six 表示“我”的单词(主格),即“I”,无论在什么情况下都要大写。例:Lucy and I are friends,4,三、48个国际音标 元音音标 单元音：i:i e a:u:u:双元音：ai ei i u u au e i辅音音标 清辅音：p t k f s ts t tr h 浊辅音：b d g v z dz d dr r 舌边音：l 鼻辅音：m n 半元音：w j,5,四、音素及对应发音字母单元音：a:i:i u:u:e a:：字母组合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt：发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother does brother love above trouble rough blood flood i:：字母组合 ee ea e ie ei three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me Piece receive key ski people i:发音字母 i y e u a ui sit picture it is list six fit pig big miss many twenty happy delicious build dictionary,6,u:字母组合 oo o u food moon room broom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full u：字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could Put full pull push woman wolf:：字母组合 al or au our ar small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumn warm quarrel quarter:发音字母 o a ou Hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss not Want wash watch:发音字母组合 ir er or ur ear turn burn murder nurse turtle thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her serve work worm world,7,:字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker famer doctor actorseldom open alone forget e:字母组合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any:字母组合 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad back flag shall man,8,知识要点 一、名词的数 在英语中，名词n按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词可分为单数和复数两种形式：表示一个人或事物的名词用单数形式，在使用时，前面一般加不定冠词a或an，表示两个或两个以上的人或事物的名词用复数形式,一般是在词后加s 或es,如：bags,boxes.名词单数变复数具体规则如下：1).规则变化 一般在名词后加s.如boyboys,penpens等。以s,x,sh,ch结尾的，在后面加es.如classclasses boxboxes brush brushes peachpeaches 但stomach(胃)的复数为stomachs.“以辅音字母+y”结尾的，y变为i，然后再加es.如babybabies body bodies 以f或fe结尾的名词把f或fe改为v,再加es.如knife,half,leaf,wolf等。以o结尾的名词，除tomato,potato等少数在后面加es外，一般是在后面直接加s.如kilokilos,photophotos,zoozoos,radioradios,pianopianos,videovideos.,2).不规则变化 man men,woman women,foot feet,tooth teeth,child-children，mouse mice 单复数形式相同如：sheep sheep deer deer fishfish Japanese Japanese Chinese Chinese等。有些名词形式上是单数，实为复数意义，通常被称为复数名词，如：people,police等。由-man和-woman构成的合成词如：policeman policemen Englishman Englishmen EnglishwomanEnglishwomen 但是GermanGermans 另外被man 或woman 修饰的名词变复数时，两个名词都要变。例：a man doctor two men doctors a woman teacher some women teachers 但:apple treeapple trees,9,有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes,trousers,glasses,chopsticks等。数词+名词作定语时，常采用数词+单数名词形式，如a two-week holiday,an 8-year old girl.另一种常见的形式有five minutes walk,two days leave等。,10,11,1以o结尾的名词顺口溜 规律：有生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加es，凡无生命的以o结尾的名词变复数时，词尾加s。口诀1：黑人和英雄在土豆地里吃芒果和西红柿要加es 解释：negroes and heroes eat tomatoes、mangoes and potatoes 口诀2：你在“zoo”里 看见一个“bamboo”上面挂着一张“photo”所照的是一架“piano”上面放着一台“radio”解释：zoo-zoos，bamboo-bamboos，photo-photos piano-pianos，radio-radios.,2.表示民族的名词顺口溜 口诀：“中、瑞、日”是一致“英、法”联盟a变e；其他一律加s。解释：Chinese，Japanese单复数同形；Englishman，Frenchman的复数为Englishmen，Frenchmen；其他像German，American，Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。3.以f、fe结尾的顺口溜 规律：以f(e)结尾的名词变为复数时，改“f(e)”为“ve”再加“s”。口诀：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。解释：wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），life（生命）leaf（树叶），self（自己），half（一半）,12,4.巧记不规则名词单变复 口诀：大鹅老鼠光脚丫 男男女女笑掉牙 解释：goose-geese；mouse-mice；foot-feet；man-men；woman-women；tooth-teeth；5.单复数形式一致的顺口溜 口诀：一个中国人和一个日本人骑着一只羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼。解释：Chinese，Japanese，deer，sheep，fish。,13,3）不可数名词没有单复数形式，要表示不可数名词的数量，可用以下两种方法。用much,a little,a lot of/lots of some,any等修饰不可数名词。如：The rich man has a lot of money.可用表单位的词修饰不可数名词，如：a piece of paper,two pieces of paper,a bottle of orange,a glass of milk,three bags of rice。many 修饰可数名词复数,14,二、名词所有格 1）表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加s.如：my fathers car以s或es结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在名词后加 如：the teachers reading room 教师阅览室不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加s.如：the womens shoes 女式鞋子。如果一样东西为两人共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加s。如果不是共有的，则两个名词之后都要加s.如：Jane and Helens room 珍妮和海伦的房间(共有)Bills and Toms radios 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有）。（注意后面名词的单复数）2）表示无生命的东西，一般用 of+名词的结构。如：a map of China,15,练习：I.写出下列名词的复数形式。1.watch _ 11.strawberry _ 2.child _ 12.thief _ 3.photo _ 13.girl student_ 4.diary _ 14.man doctor_ 5.day_ 15.woman nurse_ 6.foot_ 16.pear tree_ 7.book_ 17.peach_ 8.dress _ 18.box_ 9.tooth_ 19.baby_ 10.deer_ 20.German_,16,watches,children,photos,diaries,days,feet,books,dresses,teeth,deer,II.翻译下列词组。1.一些桃子 _10.我的自行车_ 2.五袋大米_11.教师节 _ 3.八只脚 _ 12.三八妇女节_ 4.二十颗牙齿_13.二张纸 _ 5.三瓶果汁 _14.四个男医生_ 6.四十个女警察_ 15.七颗梨树 _ 7.十二把小刀_ 16.一副世界地图_ 8.九个德国人_ 17.Helen的朋友 9.许多孩子 _ 18.双胞胎的妈妈_,17,III.按要求改写下列句子。1.There is an orange tree in the garden.（改为复数句）_ 2.She is a good teacher.（改为复数句）_ 3.I have some interesting story books.（改为单数句）_ 4.There are some women teachers over there.（改为单数句）_ 5.-What is it?-Its a box.（改为复数句）_,18,IV.单项选择。()1.Mr Smith is _father.They are twin sisters.A.Mary s and Johns B.Marys and John C.Mary and Johns()2.She needs _.A.a glass water B.two glasses of water C.two glasses of waters()3.There are five_ in our school.A.woman teacher B woman teachers C.women teachers()4.There are many _ in the fridge.A.food B.bread C.vegetables()5.Im thirsty.I think Ill buy some_.A.water B.eggs C.cakes()6.John bought _ for himself yesterday.A.two pairs of shoes B.two pair of shoe C.two pair of shoes D.two pairs shoe,19,()7.-What would you like to have for lunch,sir?-Id like_.!A.chicken B.a chicken C.chickens D.the chicken()8.There are five _in our factory.A.woman driver B,women driver C.woman drivers D.women drivers()9.The post office is a bit far from here.Its about_.A.thirty minutess walk B.thirty minutes walk C.thirty minutes walk D.thirty minutes walk()10._ turn yellow in autumn.A.Leaf B.Leaves C.Leave D.Leafs()11.Will you please show me the way to the _ shop?A.shoe B.shoes C.shoes D.shoes()12._ hard work it is!A.What a B.How C.What D.How a,20,()13.His family _ a happy one.A.be B.are C.is D.was()14.I met two _ in the street yesterday morning.A.German B.Australian C.American D.Japanese()15.My grandparents like _ very much,so they grow some in their _ garden every year.A.vegetable,vegetable B.vegetable,vegetables B.C.vegetables,vegetables D.vegetables,vegetable V.用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.How many_(sheep)are there on the hill?2.There is some_(food)in the basket.3.The baby has only two_(tooth)now.4.There is a lot of_(water)in the bottle.5.There are five_(people)in his family.,21,6.Lets take_(photo),OK?7.I have lots of_(tomato)here.8.The_(leaf)on the tree turn yellow.9.Their_(dictionary)look new.11.There are many_(fox)in the picture.12.Different people may have different _(idea).13.Would you like some _(tomato)?14.Jim has some _(knife).15.The girl under the tree is a friend of _(Lucy).,22,Good bye,