《完形填空讲解》PPT课件.ppt

如何做完形填空？平时怎么训练？,完形填空专题,完形填空题（cloze test）又叫“克漏字”测验。,特点：第一，一篇完形填空题是一个有机的整体。第二：通读全文、理解大意、是十分重要一步。第三：解题时必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。第四：尤其注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如so,but,however,then,therefore,also等。,在平时学习中，要注意从以下几个方面训练和提高。1，第一句话很重要！理解好第一句话！第一句话可能告诉文章的中心思想，动作发生的基本时间，短文叙述的切入点等。这些基本信息给学生提供一个语境，使学生解题时能够依境而行。,2，考虑固定搭配：对固定搭配不熟练或记忆不准，都会造成很大的阅读障碍和错误选择，因而考生平时学习时要注重词义辨析，牢固掌握固定搭配。,3，运用语法知识，具备各方面知识：仅考虑符合短文大意和固定搭配是不够的。有些题中还须考虑语法结构是否正确，知识内容是否正确等！,解题步骤：1，迅速通读全文，了解大概意思2，理解第一句话的概括作用，有助理解。3，碰到选项要考虑：1）四个选项的区别，2）横线前后是不是固定短语。3）把词填入横线后语法有没有问题？时态有没错？与上下文意思一致吗？4）始终没有办法选的先打个问号，放着。往下做。4，做完之后，再通读全文，补做不会的。确保整篇文章意思连贯。,【例题解析】完形填空：阅读下面短文，选出最佳答案“Ring ring”the telephone suddenly rang.Sam got up to 1 the call.It was his aunt.“Sam,2 are you still at home?”she asked surprisingly.Sam 1ooked at the clock.It was already 7:30 a.m.“Oh,my goodness!Theres an important 3 today,”Sam shouted out.He hurried to wash his face and get 4.When he was going to leave the house,he 5 that he had not put away his books.He ran quickly to the 6 and put them into the bag.He then went to the bus stop to go to school as 7 as he could.When he got into the classroom,his classmates were 8 writing.“Why are you so 9?”asked the teacher.“Im sorry,sir,”Sam answered,afraid of looking 10.“It was my clock.It 11 to wake me up this morning and.”“Dont say anything about it,”his teacher 12 him.“Dont try to come late next time!”Sam said yes and walked to his 13 quickly.But when he tried to do the paper,he could not 14 in a right way.He put his head on the desk and said,“What a 15 day it has been for me!”,【例题解析】1完形填空：阅读下面短文，选出最佳答案：“Ring ring”the telephone suddenly rang.Sam got up to 1 the call.It was his aunt.“Sam,2 are you still at home?”she asked surprisingly.Sam 1ooked at the clock.It was already 7:30 a.m.“Oh,my goodness!Theres an important 3 today,”Sam shouted out.He hurried to wash his face and get 4.When he was going to leave the house,he 5 that he had not put away his books.He ran quickly to the 6 and put them into the bag.He then went to the bus stop to go to school as 7 as he could.When he got into the classroom,his classmates were 8 writing.“Why are you so 9?”asked the teacher.1.A.find B.give C.put D.answer2.A.why B.how C.when D.where3.A.talk B.party C.exam D.meeting4.A.tired B.lost C.dressed D.rested5.A.forgot B.remembered C.understood D.thought,这是一篇关于一个学生考试迟到的事。短文一开始就是电话铃声，Sam应该起来接电话，所以第l空中应选D，这四个动词中只有answer能表示“接电话”这个含义。,第2空中要选择一个副词，句中已含有still at home等状语，故不能选择when，where,how表示方式，如用在本句中则句意不通，所以选A。,第3空，从后文知，Sam是到学校去，故应选C。,第4空，get dressed意为“穿衣服”，要注意这个短语的完整性。,第5空，从前一句中的动词leave以及后文中的一系列动作可知，本空中应填remembered才符合逻辑，其他词不能使文章通顺。,He ran quickly to the 6 and put them into the bag.He then went to the bus stop to go to school as 7 as he could.When he got into the classroom,his classmates were 8 writing.“Why are you so 9?”asked the teacher.“Im sorry,sir,”Sam answered,afraid of looking 10.“It was my clock.It 11 to wake me up this morning and.”“Dont say anything about it,”his teacher 12 him.“Dont try to come late next time!”Sam said yes and walked to his 13 quickly.But when he tried to do the paper,he could not 14 in a right way.He put his head on the desk and said,“What a 15 day it has been for me!”6.A.classroom B.desk C.bus D.door7.A.carefully B.quietly C.early D.fast8.A.worried B.free C.busy D.careful9.A.1ate B.ill C.lonely D.ready10.A.down B.up C.out D.back,第6空要注意分析备选项的意义；从后文he had not put away his books可知选B最合适，因书应该是放在课桌上。,第7空中应填fast，因Sam 要迟到了。,第8空中要注意在形容词后接writing，故选busy。,第9空，从上文知，Sam 已经迟到了，故老师应问他迟到的原因，选A。,第10空表明Sam的态度，他害怕抬头看老师，故选up。,“Im sorry,sir,”Sam answered,afraid of looking 10.“It was my clock.It 11 to wake me up this morning and.”“Dont say anything about it,”his teacher 12 him.“Dont try to come late next time!”Sam said yes and walked to his 13 quickly.But when he tried to do the paper,he could not 14 in a right way.He put his head on the desk and said,“What a 15 day it has been for me!”11.A.happened B.stopped C.failed D.pointed12.A.helped B.knew C.followed D.stopped13.A.room B.table C.seat D.teacher14.A.think B.sit C.turn D.speak15.A.short B.bad C.happy D.usual,第11空，Sam所陈述的理由是闹钟未响，故填failed。,第12空，从上文Sam的话没说完知道这时老师打断了他的话，故选stopped,第13空，Sam 在教室里走去的当然是seat。,第14空，本空说明Sam 思维混乱，不能思考，选A。,第15空，综合上文可知Sam 感到这一天太糟糕，故选B。,完形填空其实并不难，只要平时做到以下几点：一，重视积累短语，重视默写二，把中考宝典的词语辨析部分牢记。三，按照老师教的方法多做题。及时对答案分析。四，做题时多注意上下文的意思连贯。,分析：这是一篇关于一个学生考试迟到的事。短文一开始就是电话铃声，Sam应该起来接电话，所以第l空中应选D，这四个动词中只有answer能表示“接电话”这个含义。第2空中要选择一个副词，句中已含有still at home等状语，故不能选择when，where,how表示方式，如用在本句中则句意不通，所以选A。第3空，从后文知，Sam是到学校去，故应选C。对于学生来说，exam是学生最可能要做的事，并且后文说到其他学生在writing。第4空，get dressed意为“穿衣服”，要注意这个短语的完整性。第5空，从前一句中的动词leave以及后文中的一系列动作可知，本空中应填remembered才符合逻辑，其他词不能使文章通顺。第6空要注意分析备选项的意义；从后文he had not put away his books可知选B最合适，因书应该是放在课桌上。第7空中应填fast，因Sam 要迟到了。第8空中要注意在形容词后接writing，故选busy。第9空，从上文知，Sam 已经迟到了，故老师应问他迟到的原因，选A。第10空表明Sam的态度，他害怕抬头看老师，故选up。第11空，Sam所陈述的理由是闹钟未响，故填failed。第12空，从上文Sam的话没说完知道这时老师打断了他的话，故选stopped。第13空，Sam 在教室里走去的当然是seat。第14空，本空说明Sam 思维混乱，不能思考，选A。第15空，综合上文可知Sam 感到这一天太糟糕，故选B。,