《同位语从句讲解》PPT课件.ppt

同位语从句,Appositive Clause,What kind of noun clauses are they?,What it was to become was a mystery.2.I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet.3.His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London.4.The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.,名词性从句,Mr.Liu,our Chinese teacher,is a charming gentleman.,The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.,同位语（appositive）,同位语从句（appositive clause）,Lead-in,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句在句中做-宾语从句在句中做-表语从句在句中做-同位语从句在句中-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1.That he will come is certain.,2.I know that he will come.,3.The truth is that I have been there.,4.The fact that she was late surprised us.,a.It+be+形容词+that-从句It is necessary that 有必要It is important that 重要的是It is obvious that 很明显,b.It+be+-ed 分词+that-从句It is believed that人们相信It is known to all that从所周知It has been decided that 已决定,c.It+be+名词+that-从句It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是,d.It+不及物动词+that-从句It appears that似乎It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起,注意：用 it 作形式主语的that-从句有以下几组：,1.It is well known that a big earthquake struck Japan on 11,March.2.The reason why it happened is that the continents are moving.3.What surprised me most was that a large number of cars were washed away by the water.4.A large number of people were homeless,and I have no idea whether they can rebuild their home.5.The news that our country has offered help makes me proud.6.I think it our duty to do what we can(do)to help them.,同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作_的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对该抽象名词进一步解释，说明名词的_。3.用法:常跟同位语从句的抽象名词有:,4.连词:that/whether/who/which what/when/where/why/how,fact_/idea_/reason _/thought_/doubt_/news_/hope_/belief_/message_/decision _/warning_/information_ order_/promise_/possibility_/evidence_,事实,想法,理由,想法,疑惑,消息,希望,信念,消息,决定,警告,信息,命令,诺言,可能性,证据,抽象名词,具体内容,事实，真相,I.名词性从句的引导词：,连接词：that、if、whether,无意义,2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever,whatever,3.连接副词：when、where、why、how,“是否”,作主/宾/表,主语从句,that whether who whom whose what which when where why how,从 句引导词:,1.That he knows Japanese is known to all.,3.When he will come is unknown.,4.Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.,5.It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.,主语太长了!放到句尾,That无词义,不可省略,What“什么”,“所.的”,2.What surprised me was to see him here.,When“什么时候”,主语从句不用 if,位于句首,主语从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It,连接词that引导的同位语从句,that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.,He told me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.,There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.,如果从句句子意思完整且是确定的事情应该用_来引导.,that,只用whether引导,不用if.,连接词whether引导的同位语从句,如果从句意思不完整且表示不确定的事情(含“是否”之意)，应该用_来引导.,whether,He must answer the question _ he agrees to it or not.,whether,连接词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句,1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个.,1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.,2.I have no idea _ one I should choose.,which,who,(定语),(主语),在从句中充当成分,连接词副词when/where/why/how引导同位语从句并分别充当_状语.,1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2.我们还没决定好去哪儿.,1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.,why,where,时间/地点/原因/方式,5.注意事项：同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所要说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，这种从句叫分隔式同位语从句。Word came that their team had won.The whole truth came out at last that it was a wolf in sheeps clothing.,(2)表示“建议、命令、要求”等的名词（如suggestion,advice,order,request等）后接同位语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”结构，should 可以省略。Our teacher gave advice that we(should)make use of every chance to speak English.He gave the order that the patient _（send)to hospital without delay.,(should)be sent,(3)当doubt 作名词用于肯定句中，其后的同位语从句引导词用whether;如果是否定句/疑问句，则用that.There is some doubt _their football team will win the match.There is no/little doubt _they will agree with you on this matter.,Thats all.,whether,that,同位语从句与that引导的定语从句的区别是什么?该如何区分呢?,三.如何区别由that 引导的定语从句和同位语从句,1.,定语从句中that，代词，可在从句中作主、宾、表,同位语从句中that,连词，无成分无意义,The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true.,2.定义：定语从句-对先行词加以修饰限定，与先行词 是修饰与被修饰的关系。同位语从句-对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是 名词全部内容的体现。,判断:定语从句or同位语从句,1.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.2.The news that we got last week is true.3.I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.4.The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.,(定语从句),(同位语从句),(同位语从句),(定语从句),1.（09江西）The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which C.that D.though2.The suggestion _he raised at the meeting is very good.A.which B.that C.what D./3.The suggestion _ the students(should)have plenty of exercise is very good.A.which B.that C.what D./,总结:1)同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该 名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词 idea,fact,news,hope,thought,suggestion等抽象名词之后,2)连接词that不能省略,无意义无成分；3)用whether而不用if引导同位语从句 4)连接代词who,which,what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;连接副词where,when,why,how在从句作状语。,回顾名词性从句考点：,.语序问题,.it 作形式主语,形式宾语的用法,.时态问题,.同位语从句与定语从句区别,.名词性从句中的虚拟语气,.主谓一致问题,重点,8 含有插入语的名词性从句,Are you clear now?OK.Lets do some exercises!,1.(09江西33)The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which C.that D.though2.(09四川7)News came from the school office _Wang Lin had beenadmitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where,3.It makes no difference _ you will go today or tomorrow.A.if B.whether C.that D.what4.He made a suggestion that we_ money to the people in the south.A.give B.gave C.would give D.could give,5.There is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found.A.which B.that C.what D.whether6.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A.that B.what that C.that what D.whether,7.The news _ he told us yesterday is not true,but the news _ our team has won the match is true.A./;that B.that;/C.that;which D.that;who,A,Thats all!,