《句子成分和结构》PPT课件.ppt

句子成分,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,状语,定语,补语,同位语,主语：一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，但there be 结构，疑问句和倒装句例外。,Knowledge is power.We are friends.Three will be enough for us.To see is to believe.The injured have been sent to hospital.Doing exercise is beneficial to our health.What we need is money.,名词,代词,数词,不定式,名词化的形容词,动名词,主语从句,There is going to be an American film tonight.Is that what the little dog found?Out rushed the students.,谓语,1、简单谓语：由简单动词或短语动词构成。,I bought a toy car for my baby yesterday.,2、复合谓语：1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词的适当形式构成。You neednt write down what your teachers say word by word.He has caught a bad cold.,2)系动词+表语We are students.The leaves turn yellow in autumn.,表语:用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,一般位于系动词之后（be,感官动词feel、look、sound、taste、smell、表示变化类become、grow、get、turn、go，表示保持类keep、stay、remain，以及appear、seem、prove等）,Lily turned doctor after graduation.Money isnt everything.The class is over.My job is teaching English.They must be in the library.,名词,代词,副词,动名词,介词短语,6.The purpose of this activity is to educate people about saving water.7.My hope is that all of you are able to devote yourselves to study and live your dreams.,不定式,表语从句,宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词的后面。,I received a bunch of red roses on my wedding anniversary.Where did you buy that?Two plus three makes five.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.I want to buy a second-hand electric bike.I dislike eating tofu.He told me(that)he would get married next month.,名词,代词,数词,名词化的形容词,不定式,动名词,宾语从句,双宾语 tell/buy/show/lend/send/pass/offer,etc.Eg.He lent me some money last year.,复合宾语（宾语+宾补）1.I named my son Duoduo.,2.New methods make the job easy.,3.Please keep the light on.,4.I found my wallet in the trash/garbage can.,名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,5.You should get the work done by tomorrow.,6.I saw a rat running towards the kitchen.,7.The robber forced the poor man to take out all he had.,8.I heard Tom cry in the next room.,过去分词,现在分词,带to的不定式,不带to的不定式,带to的不定式：,ask/tell/want/encourage/advise/require sb to do sth,不带to的不定式：,5看3让2听1感觉,可带亦可不带 to:help,see/watch/look at/notice/observelet/make/havelisten to/hearfeel,定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。,Jintan is a beautiful city.Jintan is a developing city,while Wujin is a developed city.lemon/family treea sleeping baga sleeping boy,形容词,现在分词,过去分词,名词,动名词,现在分词,6.I need two pens.7.His father is a doctor.8.The boy there is my son.9.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.10.I read an article about how to educate students well.,数词,代词,副词,不定式,介词短语,状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。,On Sundays,there is no students in the classroom.The sun rose,as it always does,in a clear sky.The boy needs a drink very much.John was late because of the heavy snow.His parents died,leaving him an orphan.,时间,地点,方式,程度,原因,结果,6.Although he is young,he knows a lot.7.In order to enter a good university,I must work hard.8.If necessary,you can turn to your teacher for help.9.She came in with a big smile on her face.,让步,目的,条件,伴随,同位语：对句子某一成分作进一步解释，说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的成分叫同位语。,Beijing,our capital,is a beautiful city.We all like English.Word came that the king died.,指出下列划线部分在句子中的成分,1.I dont like the picture on the wall.,谓语动词,2.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.,主语,3.He is interested in music.,谓语动词,4.We made him our monitor.,宾补,5.They use Mr,Mrs with the family name.,定语,6.The old man felt very tired.,表语,7.My brother hasnt finished his homework.,宾语,8.There is an old man coming here.,主语,9.You must pay attention to your pronunciation.,宾语,10.The leaves have turned yellow.,表语,11.Can you lend me some money.,宾语,12.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.,定语,13.She found it difficult to do the work.,补语,14.The man downstairs was trying to sleep.,定语,15.To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.,主语,16.She was the first to learn about it.,表语,17.What he said made me unhappy.,补语,18.Soon they all became interested in the subject.,表语,19.They didnt know who the old man really was.,宾语,20.Im waiting for the sound of the other shoe.,定语,21.Whether we will go depends on the weather.,主语,22.Peoples standards of living are going up steadily.,谓语动词,23.That was how they were defeated.,表语,24.The nurse takes good care of our children.,宾语,25.We are sure that we will succeed.,宾语,26.The woman with a baby in her arms is his mother.,定语,27.There are many films that Id like to see.,定语,28.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?,定语,29.I have a lot of work to do.,定语,30.Anyway,I wont stop you from doing it.,状语,31.The bus arrived ten minutes late.,状语,32.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky.,定语,33.We think it necessery that everyone should attend the meeting.,宾语,34.Its strange that she doesnt come today.,主语,35.He likes drawing at times when he isnt working.,状语,基,本,句,型,1.S+Vi,2.S+Vt+O,3.S+Link-V+P,4.S+Vt+o+O,5.S+Vt+O+OC,1.S+Vi,1)She never lies.,2)The fire happened last night.,3)The sun was rising,2.S+Vt+O,1)I like taking risks.,2)I bought a book yesterday.,3)He refused to tell me the truth.,3.S+Link-V+P,1)He became an explorer in his thirties.,2)My parents are both farmers.,3)Much remains to be done.,4.S+Vt+o+O,1)Could you show me your ticket?,2)He told me that he was in Class 8.,5.S+Vt+O+OC,1)I found a student cheating in the exam.,2)What he said made the lady happy.,并列句：常用的并列连词有：and,or,but,while(然而),or else(否则),so(表因果关系)，etc.,1.Work hard and you will succeed.,2.He is a good teacher,but he has taught me nothing.,复合句,定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句,1.Class 8 are one whose students are fond of study.,2.What you will achieve is to make me proud of you.,3.I will apprepriate it if you are fully absorbed in study.,4.My hope is that all of you can be admitted to/into key universities.,5.My hope that all of you can be admitted into/to key universities will come true.,6.The moment I enter your classroom,I firmly believe that you are easy to get along with.,指出下列划线部分在句子中的成分,The students got on the school bus.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.I shall answer your question after class.4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!5.They went hunting together early in the morning.6.His job is to train swimmers.7.He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.,主语,定语,宾语,谓语,状语,定语,定语,状语,状语,定语,表语,宾语,状语,8.There is going to be an American film tonight.9.He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10.His wish is to become a scientist.11.He managed to finish the work in time.12.Tom came to ask me for advice.13.He found it important to master English.14.Do you have anything else to say?,谓语,主语,谓语,主语,表语,谓语,宾语,状语,形宾,宾补,宾语,定语,15.To be honest;your pronunciation is not so good.16.Would you please tell me your address?17.He sat there,reading a newspaper.18.It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19.He noticed a man enter the room.20.The apples tasted sweet.,插入语,状语,宾语,状语,状语,形主,表语,宾补,宾补,表语,