《厄尔尼诺现象英》PPT课件.ppt

BASICS OF EL NIO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION(ENSO),Ernesto R.VercelesPAGASA,WHAT IS EL NIO?,Common notions:,“El Nio means no water in faucets and showers”,“El Nio means no planting for the season or two”,These are partially true these are all impacts of the EL NIO,One newspaper headline:PAGASA insists El Nio already in RP-Despite heavy rains and typhoons(Panay News dated 13 January 2005),“El Nio means severe drought”,WHAT IS EL NIO(LA NIA)?,El Nio(La Nia)is a condition in the Pacific ocean and characterized by the cyclic warming(cooling)of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific(CEEP).,Observed Sea Surface Temperature,Analyzed Sea Surface Temperature,EL NIO,LA NIA,Lower temp,Lower temp,Higher temp,Higher temp,Cooler temp,Cooler temp,Warmer temp,Warmer temp,CEEP warming,CEEP cooling,Monthly observation and analysis of OCEAN SURFACE during El Nio 1997-98 and La Nia 1998-99,El Nino 1997 started in MarchLa Nina 1998 started in July,Monthly observation and analysis of OCEAN DEPTH(300 meters)during El Nio 1997-98 and La Nia 1998-99,ASIAAUSTRALIA,North and South AMERICA,El Nino 1997 started in MarchLa Nina 1998 started in July,MEASURING OCEAN PARAMETERS,THE NIO REGIONS,Sample Data for NIO REGIONS,Thus,“EL NIO”is a condition in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean where unusual warming is occurring.(Note that the formation/development of El Nio is very far from the country.),Then,why is it affecting the philippines.,The answer lies in the atmosphere,The phenomenon is called SOUTHERN OSCILLATION,Southern Oscillation is the atmospheric component of ENSO and measured in terms of the difference in standardized pressure anomalies over Tahiti and Darwin,and wind anomaly at low level winds(850 mbs level).,WHAT IS SOUTHERN OSCILLATION?,EL NIO CONDITION,LA NIA CONDITION,Australia,H,L,H,L,Australia,COMBINED EFFECT OF EL NIO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION(ENSO)IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC,GLOBAL IMPACT OF EL NIO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION(ENSO),EL NIO,LA NIA,EL NIO,LA NIA,IMPACTS OF ENSO and NON-ENSO ON PHILIPPINE ANNUAL RAINFALL,RED colored years are EL NINO years,BLUE colored years are LA NINA years,and BLACK colored years are NON_ENSO years,Drier weather conditions,Wetter weather conditions,Initial results of diagnostic and statistical studies on general influences of ENSO on Philippine climate,Weak monsoon activity,Weak tropical cyclones activity,Below normal rainfall,Above normal air temperatures,-occurrence of isolated heavy rainfall in short duration,-delayed onset of the rainy season,-early termination of the rainy season,-tropical cyclones follow tracks further off the Philippines,-less number of tropical cyclones entering the Philippine Area of Responsibility(PAR),Above normal rainfall,Near-to-below normal air temperatures,Moderate to Strong tropical cyclones activity,Moderate to strong monsoon activity,-increased cloudiness and widespread rains,-near normal cyclone tracks(near and/or crossing the country),-near normal to early onset of the rainy season,-near-to-above normal cyclone occurrences in the PAR,-rain-effective cyclones,For more information,VISIT us athttp:/,